Summer is a wonderful time of the year. All day long you can walk with children in the fresh air, get a lot of pleasure. Summer - great time to get to know the outside world. Many discoveries can be made by simple observations while walking with a child. You just need to look at the world on the principle of “amazing nearby”. Observations of nature give not only aesthetic pleasure, but also enrich the stock of general knowledge and speech of the child. Observing and studying the world around you, you can see many wonderful educational games. Nature is a house that feeds, waters, heals. The house, which is constantly being improved, becomes more beautiful every day.
Education of respect for nature should begin from preschool age.
Walks help to accumulate in children ideas about various natural phenomena; instill in children curiosity, observation; give children the pleasure of communicating with nature. There are a lot of interesting and attractive things for children on the street in summer.
In kindergarten, children receive the first information about nature. Love for nature begins in everyone in their own way. The infinitely diverse world of nature awakens in children a keen interest, curiosity, awakens them to play, labor and artistic activity. As adults, we don't always realize the consequences of isolation. little man from nature. For a person who loves his Motherland, it is also natural to love his native nature. Love for nature makes people softer, more humane.
Nature is the source of health and joy, the spiritual wealth of every person.
In sunny weather, you really want to admire the blossoming beautiful flowers in the flower beds. During such observations, children develop the ability to pay attention to the beauty of nature, the ability to see the beautiful, to admire it. Children learn to take care of plants, not to crush, not to tear them unnecessarily. And how many impressions do simple observations give on a walk in the summer, even on playground kindergarten. Children and I watch bugs and butterflies, fruits on trees. Children examine the leaves of various trees, note that they are different in shape and size. Specify their shape and size. We teach children to distinguish between a bush and a tree, distinguish between a birch and a maple, and examine their leaves. Children practice in determining: a thick or thin trunk, a tall or low tree.
We fix the children's idea of \u200b\u200bfruits and berries, their names, characteristic features (color, shape, size, smell, taste) are shown. We teach children to identify familiar berries. Compare them by size (large, small).
And when the guys see insects, some of them cause fear, others delight. It is necessary to teach the child to treat the little inhabitants of nature correctly.
We consider how the beetles crawl, some of them fly. Pay attention to the long mustaches of longhorn beetles. Show the ladybug, she crawls on the arm, spreads her wings, flies away to look for food. We consider cobweb legs, a crack on the back, wings. We form the desire to admire and protect living beings, not to harm them.
But the butterfly - it flutters, folds its wings, sits on a flower, crawls over it. We admire them all together, consider the structure of their bodies with a magnifying glass. Explain concept fragile moth - "a living beautiful flower." Form in children careful attitude to insects.
We listen to the chirping of a grasshopper, we observe how it jumps and hides in the grass. To evoke in children a good attitude towards this harmless creature.
We are looking at ants. The ants are constantly scurrying about, and each one is carrying something. Ants are friendly guys. They never quarrel, take care of each other. Ants don't hurt anyone. For this they are all respected - both in the forest and in the field. Nobody touches them. And we will not interfere with them - let them work.
We watch with children how the bees examine the flower, climb deep inside for nectar. We talk about the benefits brought by bees: during the summer they pollinate a huge number of flowers. Ask what insects eat, who eats them. What are their benefits and harms? What do insects need to live?
During observations, we use conversations, stories, select riddles, proverbs, sayings, poems on a specific topic. Poems help children to give a poetic description of nature, to summarize their observations. In the process of walking and observing, children begin to understand that it is not enough just to admire nature, it is necessary to protect it..
I would like to believe that our children will grow up kind, sensitive, able to see the beauty in the life around them, appreciate and protect nature.
During the game hour, children get acquainted with various games (folk and modern). As practice shows, modern kids often do not know such games as "Boyars", etc. Older preschoolers are interested in lotto, checkers, chess, etc. Learning these games with children and further consolidating them in everyday gaming activities greatly enrich children's leisure. If there are several groups in the kindergarten, the teachers distribute the games among themselves, and then each teacher learns the game he has chosen with various groups children. This option can greatly simplify the preparation for the game hour for teachers. Musical clock. This is the time of the most diverse activities: children can learn new songs, sing those that are familiar to them, dance, play musical games, etc. mugs. Participation in the work of the circle is available for preschoolers. The most popular among children are circles, where there is an opportunity to learn some practical skills and make crafts on their own. It is very important that the content of the classes is appropriate for the age of the children and is feasible for them (for example, even older preschoolers have difficulty mastering the skills of beading, although making the simplest jewelry from large beads is quite accessible to them). On the summer time game and music clocks, as well as mugs, can be added to the daily routine by setting certain days and times for them. Exhibitions. The organization of the exhibition is quite time-consuming, but at the same time, it can captivate both children and their parents, for whom visiting the exhibition of children's works will also be of great interest. The exhibition is held in several stages. At the first stage, its theme is selected and it is determined which products will be accepted for the exhibition. For example, at the exhibition "Nature and Fantasy" handicrafts made from natural materials will be presented, and at the exhibition "This is what summer has come to us!" - drawings. The stage of making crafts for the exhibition. If there are too many, it is necessary to select the best ones. Exhibition decoration. Organization of visits. Children, together with teachers, come to the exhibition, listen to the "excursion", which is conducted by one of the teachers (you can take an older preschooler as an assistant). Children examine the works, and at the same time learn the rules of behavior at the exhibition.
senior and
Observation #1
Observing changes in nature. Invite the children to independently find signs of autumn in nature.
Mystery: I bring the harvest
I sow the fields again
Sending birds to the south
I undress the trees
But I don't touch the pines
And Christmas trees. I - ... (autumn)
Didactic game"Autumn Words"(exercise in the selection of adjectives).
What words can you say about autumn? What is autumn? ( golden, beautiful, sunny, colorful, affectionate, pensive, sad, quiet, late, early, rainy, gloomy, sad, rainy, painted, colorful).
Observation #2
Continue watching for signs of autumn (September). Discuss folk signs and proverbs:
September is never fruitless.
September is cool and warm.
Since September, the leaf on the tree does not hold.
September is the golden month of mushroom pickers.
Autumn chills the water.
Observation #3
Temperature monitoring. After long-term observations of the thermometer readings at the weather site, bring the children to the conclusion that in September it is colder than in August by an average of 5 degrees.
Poem by A.S. Pushkin: Sad time! Oh charm!
Forests clad in crimson and gold.
In their canopy of the wind noise and fresh breath,
And the heavens are covered with mist,
And a rare ray of sun, and the first frosts,
And distant gray winter threats.
Observation #4
Precipitation monitoring. The nature of precipitation in September is rain and fog. Children find differences between long and short rains.
What can you say about rain in autumn? ( drizzles, drips, pours, goes, drips, whips, makes noise, knocks on the roof).
S. Egorov's poem "Autumn":
All clouds, clouds. Rain.
Cold as ice
prickly like a hedgehog
Wandering in autumn.
Observation #5
Observation of morning fog and dew, explain the cause of these phenomena (large difference between day and night air temperatures). Fog is tiny drops of water in the air.
Poem by E. Trutneva "Fog":
Someone dragged the forest away at night.
He was in the evening, and in the morning he disappeared!
There was no stump, no bush,
Only a white circle of emptiness.
Where are the birds and beasts hiding?
And where are the mushrooms now?
Mystery: Hid the meadows
Hid stacks
In the blue pocket
Blue… (fog)
Observation #6
Wind observation at the meteorological site. Children independently characterize the wind: strong, gusty, weak, short-term, hurricane. Use a weather vane to determine where and where the wind is blowing. Does the position of the wind vane remain constant or does it change? Lead the children to understand that the wind can blow from different parties.
Mystery: It is not known where he lives.
It will fly - the trees are oppressed.
Whistling - trembling along the river.
Mischievous, but you won't get away! (wind)
Didactic game "Wind, wind, what are you?"(exercise in the selection of adjectives). What is the wind like in autumn? ( strong, weak, light, pleasant, affectionate, sharp, impetuous, hurricane, cool, fresh, cold, icy, warm, wet, oncoming, passing, northern, southern, western, eastern, morning, autumn).
Observation #7
Monitoring the length of the day. Observation is carried out from the same place on the site of the kindergarten. Children are gradually brought to the understanding that the length of the day is associated with the movement of the sun, with the height of its standing.
Rhyme Reading: Sun-bucket,
Look out the window
Sunshine, dress up
Red, show yourself!
Sun-bucket,
Come out from behind the cloud
Sit on a stump
Walk all day.
Observation #8
Plant observation. Pay attention to changes in the color of the leaves of birch, poplar. Describe the surface of the leaves. Show the fruits of wild rose, mountain ash. Consider the seeds of some flowers (marigolds, nasturtium), clarify the purpose of the seeds and pay attention to the different number of seeds in different plants.
Observation #9
Fall observation. Pay attention to the beauty of golden autumn.
Yu. Kapustina's poem "Autumn":
In a golden carriage with a playful horse,
Autumn galloped through the forests and fields.
The good sorceress changed everything,
She painted the earth bright yellow.
From the sky, a sleepy month is surprised at a miracle,
Everything around sparkles, everything shimmers.
Observation #10
Watching the leaves in dry weather. Offer to walk along the fallen leaves, listen to how they rustle. Discuss why the leaves rustle (New water does not enter the leaves, and the one they received from their plant has gradually evaporated. The leaves have dried up and become brittle. If it rains, they will get wet again and stop rustling).
What can you say about leaves in autumn? ( turn yellow, wither, fall off, swirl, dry up, crumble, freeze, can be collected, rustle, rustle).
Observation #11
Plant observations. Long-term observations of the ripening of fruits and seeds of trees and shrubs. Lead the children to the conclusion that the ripening of fruits and seeds is a sign of autumn. As a result of observations, it can be concluded that the plants do not have young shoots and fresh greenery, since plant growth stops in autumn.
Mystery: Like a snow globe is white
It bloomed in spring
It exuded a delicate scent.
And when the time has come
She became at once
All from the berry is black. ( bird cherry).
Observation #12
Insect observation. They feed hard and hide from the cold; some of them fall asleep until spring, some of the insects die, having completed their life cycle; hive butterflies fly into houses in autumn and winter there; lemon butterflies climb into the cracks in the bark of trees and sleep until spring; ants gather in the depths of the anthill and close the entrance to it.
Puzzles:
Not a bird, but with wings. ( Butterfly)
There were carpenters without axes,
They cut down the hut without corners. (Anthill)
Whoever kills him will shed his own blood. ( Mosquito)
Curls around the nose
But it is not given in the hands. (Fly)
Observation #13
Observation of the distribution of seeds and fruits. Consider with the children a variety of fruits of trees and shrubs and determine how the seeds are spread on the ground (wings, fluff, thorns, parachutes). AT windy days observe how the seeds are spread around the site. Determine the role of wind in seed dispersal. Invite the children to find plants on the site for which the wind is a welcome guest.
Observation #14
Sky observation. Increasingly, gray seems low, completely covered with heavy clouds moving quickly across the sky. Find out the reason for the rapid movement of the clouds.
Mystery: What is this ceiling?
He's low, he's high
Now gray, then whitish,
It's a little blue.
And sometimes so beautiful -
Lace and blue-blue. (sky)
Observation #15
Birdwatching. Discuss with the children why birds fly away. Remember the birds that are about to fly away.
Poem by V.A. Zhukovsky "Bird":
The bird is flying
The bird is playing
The bird sings;
The bird flew
The bird was playing
There are no more birds!
Where are you, bird?
Where are you, singer?
In the far end
You build a nest;
That's where you eat
My song.
Observation #16
Insect observation. Pay attention to the fact that there are fewer insects, explain why, where they disappeared, offer to look for insects on the site.
Didactic game "The Fourth Extra":
Hare, hedgehog, fox,bumblebee ;
Wagtail, spider , starling, magpie;
Butterfly, dragonfly, raccoon , bee;
Grasshopper, sparrow , ladybug, Maybug;
Bee,dragonfly , bumblebee, butterfly;
Cockroach , fly, bee, cockchafer;
Dragonfly, grasshopper , bee, ladybug.
Observation #17
Long-term observation of a perennial plant - dandelion. Explain that the root remained in the ground. Mark with pegs the place where the dandelion grew - in the spring a new one will grow here.
Mystery: Burned in the dewy grass
Flashlight golden.
Then faded, faded
And turned into fluff. ( Dandelion).
Observation #18
Continue to develop in children the ability to independently highlight the signs of golden autumn. Suggest to determine on which trees the leaves only turn red, and on which ones they turn yellow (offer to draw); observe which trees the leaves fall off earlier - from young or old ones. Which trees shed their leaves the fastest? (aspen, birch); What causes leaves to fall off quickly? (wind, frost). Discuss with the children why the leaves fall.
Mystery: In the morning we go to the yard -
Leaves fall like rain
Rustle underfoot
And they fly, fly, fly ... (autumn leaf fall)
Observation #19
Observation of trees and shrubs. Compare trees and shrubs by bark color, fruits, seeds, crown shape.
Mystery: Many arms, but one leg.
(Wood)
Exercise "Pronounce words correctly"- agreement of nouns with numerals.
One tree, two..., five...
One pine, two ..., five ...
Didactic game "What will happen if ..." Offer to think and answer what will happen to the tree if ... ( birds, earthworms, mushrooms will disappear; if it stops raining; if the snow does not cover its roots; bees will not fly; a person will damage the bark, etc.)
Observation #20
Watching for signs of autumn. The days are getting shorter; the sun is pale and cold, rising low; the sky is transparent, pale blue, more and more often it is covered with gloomy gray clouds; it is raining fine, drizzling, lingering, boring, cold; the air is transparent; getting colder; puddles are covered with ice; there are fogs.
Observation #21
Continue watching for signs of autumn (October). Discuss folk signs and proverbs:
October is dirty.
In autumn, birds fly low - to a cold, high - to a warm winter.
If in autumn the leaves of birch trees begin to turn yellow from the top - the spring will be early, they will begin to turn yellow from below - late.
Spring is red with flowers, and autumn with sheaves.
In autumn bad weather, it sows weather in the yard: it sows, blows, twists, stirs, tears, pours from above, sweeps from below.
Observation #22
Observation of herbaceous plants, their adaptation to winter: stems and roots die off, but seeds remain.
Poem by A. Pleshcheev:
Autumn has come
dried flowers,
And look sad
Bare bushes.
Wither and turn yellow
Grass in the meadows
Only turns green
Winter in the fields.
Mystery: She dies in autumn
And comes alive again in the spring.
A green needle will come out to the light,
It grows and blooms all summer.
Cows without it are in trouble:
She is their main problem. ( Grass).
Observation #23
Examining the seeds, discuss why the seeds have a thick skin, which helps the seeds to overwinter (snow). In perennial plants, the ground parts die off, but tubers, bulbs, and rhizomes remain alive.
Observation #24
Find leaves of different colors on the site: from dark, very old, last year's, the surface of which has turned into a cobweb of veins, to very fresh, green, young. Offer to sort them by color and by the degree of "old age", putting them in a certain order. Why are the leaves so different? What happens to them? If we expand them in a circle, we get a kind of “leaf cycle” in nature: everything starts with a green leaf, and ends with it. (Leaves eventually turn into soil and give birth to new plants, new leaves.)
T. Makarova "The Tale of the Leaves":
... Oh, a festive pile of leaves!
I know everything about you!
I will never cry
About your sad fate.
Leaving parks and boulevards
Making an appointment somewhere
All the leaves become in pairs
And they keep the path to the kingdom of leaves ...
Observation #25
Observation of a pine tree, viewing. Lead the children to the conclusion that the needles perform the function of leaves. Offer to think about why the needles do not fall off in winter, like the leaves of deciduous trees.
Poem by V. Rozhdestvensky:
Here are the pines. Straight and elastic
Prickly - the winds do not break,
Standing in their scaly mail,
Calm, like Igor's army.
exercise in the use and agreement of relative adjectives with nouns :
Pine - smell, boron, trunk.
Pine - cone, branch, needles, furniture.
Pine - log, armchair, log.
Pine - needles, cones.
Observation #26
Watching ducks fly away. Tell the children that with the arrival of the cold season - autumn - there was little food for the birds, the water temperature dropped, so they fly away to where it is warm and there is a lot of food. Discuss with the children why waterfowl fly away later than others.
Puzzles: Verst did not consider
Didn't drive on the roads
And I have been overseas. ( Bird).
motley cracker
Catches frogs. ( Duck)
Observation #27
Continue to establish a relationship between the height of the sun and air temperature. For this purpose, conduct long-term observations (at the beginning, middle and end of the month). Choose a specific place, time and landmark (the sun is over a specific house: we fix the date and time in the observation album and measure the air temperature). Lead the children to the conclusion that the lower the sun is, the lower the air temperature (fixation in the diary of observations).
Observation #28
Tree watching. Which tree shed its leaves last. Conclude that after the air temperature dropped below zero degrees, all the trees shed their leaves. Draw the attention of children that young branches do not grow on trees, the buds on the branches are tightly closed.
exercise in the selection of nouns; enrich vocabulary children.
Leaves of a plant, tree, bush - ( foliage).
Falling leaves in autumn (leaf fall).
Precipitation in the form of water droplets (rain).
The movement of air over the earth wind).
A large dark cloud from which it can rain, snow, hail. - (cloud).
A bright light in the sky during a thunderstorm accompanied by thunder (lightning).
Observation #29
Observation of the sky and precipitation. Late autumn - pre-winter. The sky is gray and dark. More often it rains with snow. More often it rains with snow. Watch out for starry sky. Snow winds blow (give the concept of "snowballs").
G. Ladonshchikov's poem "Late Autumn":
The shore is timid
Thin ice falls.
Sad gray cloud
Floats along the bottom of the pond.
Harsh breathes in autumn
Clear water.
Trees shed their leaves
Facing the cold.
Observation #30
Frost and frost monitoring. During frosts, frost appears (this is the appearance of ice crusts on trees, on the ground and on all objects). Sometimes it is needle-like. Compare frost with hoarfrost (hoarfrost on the ground and on the grass). Frost is formed in the same way as dew. It can also be in the summer, because. these are water crystals (dew when the air temperature is above 0 degrees).
Compare the appearance of frost with a decrease in air temperature (observation of a thermometer).
Mystery: Village in white velvet
And fences and trees
And how the wind attacks
This velvet is falling off. ( Frost)
Observation #31
Precipitation monitoring. Watch the frost and the first snow. Recall the difference between frost, hoarfrost, snow. Note the transition of rain to sleet, associate this with a change in air temperature.
E. Trutneva's poem "The First Snow":
What is outside the window? Immediately brightened in the house -
This snow lies like a carpet, the very first, the whitest.
That's what the wind whistled outside my window all night,
He wanted to talk about the snow and about the fact that he met the winter.
Observation #32
Continue observing the sun: it shines less and less, it rises low. November has short days and long nights. November - the twilight of the year (discuss with the children why they say so).
Mystery: Among the field of blue -
The bright brilliance of a great fire.
Slowly the fire is walking here,
Bypasses mother earth
Shines cheerfully in the window.
Well, of course, this is ... (sun)
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"(exercise in the selection of adjectives). What can you say about the sun, what is it like? ( affectionate, kind, radiant, yellow, red, bright, warm, hot, fiery).
Observation #33
Plant observation. The plants are ready for winter. Trees stand without leaves, but there are buds. Consider the kidneys in shape, size, color. Explain that the trees no longer grow, they are at rest.
Reading a poem by A.S. Pushkin "Autumn":
Already the sky was breathing in autumn,
The sun shone less
The day was getting shorter
Forests mysterious canopy
With a sad noise she was naked,
Fog fell on the fields
Noisy geese caravan
Stretched to the south: approaching
Pretty boring time;
November was already at the yard.
Observation #34
Birdwatching. Clarify which birds stayed to spend the winter, observe which of them flies to the feeder. Draw the attention of children that it is increasingly difficult for birds to get food; discuss how you can help.
Oh, and cunning birds,
Yellow-breasted tits.
Only in a big cold
These birds are friends with the woodpecker.
Well, in the summer all the tits
They can feed themselves.
Observation #1
Observing changes in nature. Offer to find signs of winter on your own.
Mystery: Messed up the paths
Decorated the windows.
Gave joy to children
And she rode on a sled. ( Winter)
exercise in the selection of definitions for nouns.
What words can you say about winter? What is winter? ( magical, fabulous, snowy, frosty, blizzard, sparkling, magical winter, cold, beautiful, etc.)
Observation #2
Weather observation. Note changes in the weather. Formerly people they called out winter, spring, summer, rain, sun, etc.
Russian folk nickname:
Come winter
Come, red
With bitter frosts
With loose snows,
With swirling winds,
With friendly blizzards
Merry Christmas, with carols,
With Shrovetide young!
Observation #3
Air temperature monitoring. By measuring the air temperature day after day, bring the children to the conclusion that a decrease in air temperature leads to frost on the soil.
M. Sukhorukova's poem "Cold December":
Like emerald bridges on a river,
Well, in the field are snow-white canvases.
In a noticeable cold December
Seven weather all play tricks in the yard.
Observation #4
Wind and precipitation monitoring. During a strong wind, observe the movement of snow, establish why the depth of snow in different places different (use a snow gauge). Tell children about snow retention in the fields, along railway.
V. Lisichkin's poem "The Wind":
There was a little breeze
Yes, he grew up in the evening,
Became a bully and a brawler -
A real hurricane!
Observation #5
Snow watching. Find out the dependence of the nature of the state of the snow on the weather: on a frosty day in the absence of wind, snow falls in separate snowflakes, in relatively warm weather - in snow flakes, in severe frost in a clear sky - snowfall "needles".
Poem by I. Surikov:
White snow fluffy
Spinning in the air
And the earth is quiet
Falling, laying down
And snow in the morning
The field is white
Like a veil
All dressed him up.
The days have become short
The sun shines little.
Here comes the frost
And winter has come.
Observation #6
Snow watching. Discuss with the children what happens when the snow creaks underfoot (beams of snowflakes break with a crunch). In different weather, examine snowflakes through a magnifying glass.
Didactic game "Who is more?":
What snowflakes? ( openwork, silvery, delicate, cold, fluffy, lacy, light, white ...)
S. Baruzdin's poem "Snowflakes":
Winter is covered in snow
From morning until dark.
Snowflakes curl, spin
At our window.
As if the stars are sparks
Scattered around.
Rushing, silvery,
They look into the house.
Then they will ask for a room,
They run away again
Behind the glass they rush
They call to the street.
Observation #7
Snow watching. Determine the relationship between air temperature and the state of aggregation of snow using a thermometer (sticky, crumbly, dry).
Mystery: He is fluffy, silver,
But do not touch him with your hand:
Become a little clean
How to catch in the palm of your hand. ( snow)
What snow in winter? (white, fluffy, silvery, shaggy, terry, milky, clean, airy, heavy, sparkling, cold, light, wet, shiny, beautiful, crispy, crumbly, soft, loose, deep, sticky, creaky).
Observation #8
Observation of the length of the day. Mark the shortest day on the calendar - December 22. Discuss with the children that this is the day of the solstice according to the folk calendar. From December 9, according to popular beliefs, severe cold sets in.
Mystery: Name, guys, a month in this riddle:
His days are shorter than all days, all nights are longer than nights,
Snow covered the fields and meadows until spring.
Only our month will pass, we meet New Year. (December)
Observation #9
Continue watching for signs of winter (December). Discuss folk signs and proverbs:
The sun in December shines, but does not warm.
December is the time for gloomy skies and early evening days.
The year ends in December and winter begins.
Everyone is young in the winter cold.
The frost is not great, but the nose turns red.
Observation #10
Continue observing snow while building snow figures. Show that the plasticity and viscosity of snow depend on its moisture content (pour water over the snow and mold a figure). Emphasize that the snow has become wet and sticky.
Didactic game "Words-relatives" - exercise in the selection of single-root words (for the word "snow").
What is the name of a ball of snow that is thrown while playing? ( snowball)
What about a snow star? ( Snowflake)
Whom do children mold from snow in winter? ( snowman)
What is the name of the granddaughter of Santa Claus, the snow girl? ( Snow Maiden)
And what about the flowers that are the first to grow out of the snow? ( snowdrops)
Observation #11
Observation of footprints in the snow: animals, people, birds, skis, sleds, cars (learn to determine whether a footprint is fresh or left a long time ago). Compare bird tracks on loose snow and trampled snow.
N. Golinovskaya's poem "Letter in the Snow":
The snow is embroidered with a beautiful line,
Like a white shirt.
I call dad to the yard:
Look what a pattern!
Dad looks down
Here is a letter for you, Denis!
Birds and animals write:
“Make us, Denis, feeders!”
Exercise "Call it right" - develop grammatical structure of speech :
The trail of a hare hare.
Fox footprint - fox.
Bird track - avian.
Ski marks - ski.
Sledge trail - toboggan.
Observation #12
An experience. Protective properties of snow. Place jars with the same amount of water:
On the surface of the snowdrift,
Bury deep in the snow
Bury deep in the snow.
Observe the condition of the water in the jars.
Discuss with the children the importance of snow cover for plant life (it is warmer in a snowdrift, so you need to cover the roots of trees and shrubs with snow).
Observation #13
Pine watching.
A. Blinov's poem "Compass in the Forest":
Here it is elastic in the wind
The pine is swaying.
Thick needles to the south
She is converted.
And to the north there are no branches,
Gnarled bitches
There aren't many branches here.
Solid winds.
In the forest, like a compass, a tree
A friend will tell you
Road due north
And the right way to the south.
Offer to take a compass and explore the tree. Can it serve as a kind of compass? If not, why not? (for example, in an open place, the crown of a pine tree is equally lush).
Observation #14
An experience. Freezing water - where will water freeze faster? In a tray of water or in a bucket? Explain why it will freeze faster on a tray. Discuss with the children why they shouldn't go out on the ice.
Mystery: In the courtyard of a mountain
And in the hut with water. ( Ice)
Didactic game "Who is more?" - exercise in the selection of definitions for nouns. What ice? ( transparent, thin, thick, shiny, glassy, blue, slippery, smooth).
Observation #15
Draw the attention of children to trees covered with frost. Hoarfrost is formed from small ice plates, which are arranged in rows along the branches. In the sun, frost glitters, sparkles, turns pink at sunset, and blue in the early morning and evening. Explain that unlike snow and ice, frost is not harmful to trees.
A. Kaminchuk's poem "Winter":
There are trees in hoarfrost -
Either white or blue.
Pillars bluish
There are smokes over the huts.
And everything in the world in hoarfrost -
Either white or blue.
Observation #16
An experience. Revealing the mechanism of frost formation. Thermos with hot water take out for a walk. Hold a plate over the hot steam and let it cool. Frost forms on the plate. Conclude why frost forms in nature. Discuss why the hair and collars get frosty on a frosty day.
Mystery: Not snow and not ice
And he will remove the trees with silver. ( Frost)
Observation #17
Shadow watching. Compare shadows on snow and on asphalt; shadow from the building and from the lamp post in the evening.
Mystery: Chase her all day, you won't catch her. (shadow).
Observation #18
Air temperature monitoring. Regularly measure the air temperature and record it in the observation diary. At the end of the month, summarize these observations and conclude why January is called the most fierce of all winter months.
Mystery: Pinches ears, pinches nose,
Frost creeps into boots.
You splash water - it will fall
Not water already, but ice.
Not even a bird flies
The bird freezes from the cold.
The sun turned to summer.
What, say, for a month is this? ( January)
Observation #19
Snow monitoring. Clarify the relationship between air temperature and the state of snow (sticky, loose). Observation of the phenomenon of snowfall: snow canopies are formed on the trees - tents, while young thin trees can break.
F. Tyutchev's poem:
Enchantress Winter
Bewitched, the forest stands -
And under the snowy fringe,
Motionless, dumb
He shines with a wonderful life.
And he stands, bewitched, -
Not dead and not alive, -
Magically enchanted by sleep
Light chain down…
Observation #20
At the weather site. Take the spinner for a walk. Reveal the relationship between strong wind and fast rotation of the turntable. Establish a connection between the strength of the wind and the shape, location of the snowdrifts. Measure the depth of snowdrifts before and after a snowfall with a conventional measure. To conclude why in some places the snow is deep, while in others it is almost non-existent.
A.S. Pushkin's poem " Winter evening»:
A storm covers the sky with mist,
Whirlwinds of snow twisting;
Like a beast, she will howl
It will cry like a child
That on a dilapidated roof
Suddenly the straw will rustle,
Like a belated traveler
There will be a knock on our window.
Observation #21
Snow experience. Collect snow in a glass and bring it to the group. What happened to the snow in the room? Examine the water, note that it is dirty. It contains soot, dust, small objects, etc. explain that, falling, snowflakes collected everything that was in the air. With snow, various bacteria can enter the body, so you can’t take snow in your mouth. In addition, cold snow can cause a sore throat.
Poem by I. Lopukhina "Snowfall":
Quiet, quiet, as in a dream,
Falls to the ground… SNOW.
Fluffs are all sliding from the sky -
Silvery… SNOWFLAKES.
circling overhead
Carousel ... SNOW.
On the country roads, on the meadow
Everything is going down… SNOW.
Earth white, clean, tender
They made a bed ... SNOW.
Here's some fun for the kids
More and more ... SNOWFALL.
Everyone is running,
Everyone wants to play ... SNOW.
Snowball - on a snowball,
Everything was decorated with ... SNOW,
Like a white down jacket
We dressed ... SNOWMAN.
Nearby - a snow figurine -
This is a girl ... SNOW MAIDEN.
Observation #22
Observation of the behavior of birds at the feeder. Navigate by footprints in the snow; which of the birds flew to the feeder. Find out what kind of food for which bird needs. Note the behavior of sparrows: they chirp provocatively - they feel an increase in light. If the sparrow is fluffed up - to frost, the feathers are smoothed - to warmth. In January, you can already hear the song of the titmouse. Conclude that birds are the first to react to the addition of light.
A. Yashin's poem "Feed the Birds":
Feed the birds in winter!
Let from all over
They will flock to you, like home,
Stakes on the porch.
Their food is not rich,
Need a handful of grain
One handful -
And not scary
They will have winter.
Observation #23
Tree watching. After severe frosts, consider the bark of trees, whether there are frost cracks on the trunk, tell the children how cracks form. Consider the buds on the trees, recall that the tree is alive, and in the spring leaves will bloom from the buds.
Signs:
In February, there is a lot of frost on the trees - there will be a lot of honey.
Snow sticks to the trees - it will be warm.
Observation #24
Snowdrift observation. Usually snow falls on the ground in layers. Offer to cut a snowdrift with a shovel, pay attention to the “density” of snow.
Poem by I. Lopukhina "Snowdrift":
Look what a big snowdrift:
Here it is at the snowdrift - forehead,
This is the paws, this is the nose.
"Who are you?" - ask him a question.
And, failing to pretend
He will say: “Hello! I am a lion!"
Observation #25
Observation of the state of the weather. Develop the ability to independently recognize and name snowfall, drifting snow, frost, blizzard, hoarfrost. Teach children to compare these phenomena, to find similarities and differences.
Didactic game "Who is more?" - exercise in the selection of definitions for nouns and verbs corresponding to winter phenomena.
What winter day? ( frosty, cold, clear, snowy, short, windy, fabulous).
Frost (What's up?) freezes, cracks, grows stronger, freezes, stands, strikes, weakens, fetters, does not order to stand.
Wind (What is it doing?) blows, sweeps, carries (snow), howls, howls, circles.
Observation #26
Determination of weather according to signs. Discuss folk signs with children:
smoke from the chimney in a column - to frost; smoke spreads - to a thaw;
dogs wallow in the snow - to a blizzard;
the bird hohlitsya - to bad weather;
the stars sparkle brightly - to frost.
Observation #27
Watching the winter wind. During a snowstorm, blizzards reveal the characteristic signs of these phenomena. Compare blowing snow, snowstorm, snowstorm - what are the similarities and differences (in the direction, strength, uniformity of the wind).
On a cold, clear winter day, snow jets “run” along the roads. A strong wind raises snow dust into the air, and a white veil spreads along the roads - this is a snowdrift. Drift blows snow from the fields into ravines, ditches and pits. A drifting snow, when a strong gusty wind spins the snow above the ground and completely covers the distance, is called a blizzard. If snow is falling at this time and snowdrifts are growing rapidly, it is necessary to wait out the bad weather. You can’t go or drive in a snowstorm: you can go astray and freeze. What fairy tales about blizzards do you know? (" Grandma Metelitsa "(Brothers Grimm), "Morozko" (Russian folk tale), "Twelve months" (V. Odoevsky), etc.)
Poem by A.S. Pushkin:
A storm covers the sky with mist,
Whirlwinds of snow twisting;
Like a beast, she will howl
It will cry like a child.
That on a dilapidated roof
Suddenly it makes a noise.
Like a belated traveler
He will knock on our window.
Observation #28
Observation of the weather in severe frost (in a group). Pay attention to the patterns on the windows, admire their beauty. Where did the patterns on the windows come from, who painted them? (Moroz Ivanovich draws them) How does Moroz Ivanovich draw? Water, transparent water vapor, which is always in the air. There is it both in the room and between the double window frames - everywhere! Warm water vapor settles on the cold panes of the windows and turns into ice crystals in the same way that snowflakes form in the heavenly heights. Ice crystals are connected to each other, grouped on bumps, on barely noticeable scratches on the glass, and gradually an ice garden grows on the window with unusual flowers sparkling in the rays. winter sun. So the patterns appear because the surface of the glass is uneven (this can be seen through a magnifying glass, it is not visible to the naked eye).
Poem by N. Naydenova:
Amazing artist visited the window.
An amazing artist painted a window for us.
Palms, ferns, maples…
On the window, the forest is dense,
Only white, not green Forest wonderful, not easy.
There are flowers and leaves on the glass, everything sparkles, everything is white,
But without paints and without a brush the glass is painted.
A wonderful artist visited the window.
Guess, guys, who painted the window.
Mystery: The forest has grown, all white,
Do not enter on foot
Do not enter on a horse. ( Frosty pattern on the window).
Observation #29
Tree watching. According to the features of the trunk, the location of the branches, the features of the kidneys, children distinguish trees: birch (white trunk and thin hanging branches extending from large branches), willow (ash-gray trunk), larch (dark trunk with thick bark and lowered branches), poplar ( gray trunk with raised branches), pine (in the lower part of the trunk the bark is thick, dark, reddish-brown, furrowed).
Mystery: We saw him dressed in spring and summer,
And in the fall, all the shirts were torn off the poor thing,
But winter blizzards dressed him in furs. ( tree in winter)
Observation #30
Continue watching for signs of winter (February). A noticeable increase in the day
strong winds.
Poem From Marshak "February":
The winds blow in February, the chimneys howl loudly.
A light snow rushes along the ground like a snake.
Mystery: Snow falls in bags from the sky,
There are snowdrifts from the house.
That snowstorms and snowstorms
They attacked the village.
The frost is strong at night
During the day, a drop is heard ringing.
The day has grown noticeably.
Well, so what month is it? ( February)
Proverb: February will come, it will cover all the ways.
Observation #31
An experience. Continue to introduce children to the properties of water: when it freezes, water expands. Content: on a walk in severe frost, a glass bottle filled with water is taken out and left on the surface of the snow. The next day, the children see that the bottle has burst. Discuss with the children why this happened, bring the children to their own conclusions (the water, turning into ice, expanded and broke the bottle).
Observation #32
Continue monitoring the temperature change. Recall that each dash represents one degree. When the thermometer is above the red line, it means that it is warm. The higher the red line, the warmer. If the bar falls below the red line, frost sets in. The lower the bar, the stronger the frost.
E. Trutneva's poem "Frosty Wind":
Hop - sideways, lope - sideways
A jackdaw walks past the windows.
The wind is all tousled,
covered with snow,
Heavy, shaggy wires - ropes.
Each call is like a string -
The whole country was buzzing.
The thermometer immediately noted -
A frosty wind came
Between dashes and dots
The blue bar has become shorter.
Observation #33
Sun watching. The sun rises higher, becomes brighter, warmer, thawed patches appear on the sunny side; there is an increase in daylight hours (the higher the sun, the longer the day).
Observation #34
Snow observation. Discuss protective properties snow. On a warm sunny day, watch the appearance of funnels in the snow around tree trunks. Discuss why funnels appeared. To bring children to an independent conclusion, offer to touch dark and light clothes and make sure that dark clothes warm up faster in the sun. Compare the appearance of funnels in a birch. To fix the concept of "nast" in the representation of children, when it appears and why.
Observation #35
Observation of the structure of the kidneys. Consider large poplar buds. Each child receives a small twig (cut off from the shoot, which is to be removed in the spring), tears off the kidney and, opening it, examines the structure. Children independently make a discovery: the kidneys are twisted small leaves. When it's cold, they sleep. So that the leaves do not freeze, they are put on a “coat” - dense dark scales; so that the “coat” does not swing open in the wind, sticky resin is used instead of buttons. The time will come - the resin will disappear and the kidneys will open.
Observation #1
Discuss with the children (on a sunny day) why March is called "the morning of the year." To identify relationships in nature: the sun warms everything warmer, therefore, the snow melts, turns into water, water permeates the soil, therefore, conditions for plant growth appear: buds swell on trees, and on thawed patches, where the sun warms up, the first grass appears.
Russian folk amusement:
Mother spring is coming
Open up the gate
The first of March has come -
He spent all the children;
And then April
Open the window and the door;
And how May came -
Walk as much as you want.
Observation #2
Observing the behavior of birds on the site, encouraging children to make their own conclusions - what is the spring revival in the life of birds: the sonorous song of tits, sparrows pick up their mates, crows sit on their eggs.
Poem by I. Nikitin:
The titmouse chimes loudly
In front of our window...
Soon there will be a knock on our door
Real spring!
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?" - exercise in the selection of verbs corresponding to the spring phenomena of nature.
What do birds do in spring? ( arrive, return to their native lands, build nests, settle in birdhouses, breed chicks, etc. e).
Observation #3
Watching the sun in the sky. Invite the children to measure the length of the shadow of a tree at the same time every week. Make sure the shadow gets shorter every day. Record this in your observation diary. Make a conclusion that the sun rises higher every day.
Mystery: Chase her all day long
You won't catch shadow).
Observation #4
Comparative observation of what has changed compared to February: snow melts in the sun, loose, streams in sunny weather, icicles, drops (where it comes from, how it rings).
Didactic game "Guess!":
cheerful, sonorous, transparent - what is it?
(drops, icicle).
Cold, snowy, light, spring, sunny - what is it?
(day).
Observation #5
Sky observation. Cumulus clouds appear, in sunny weather the sky is blue. Show the dependence of the amount of clouds on the melting of snow. Clarify that snow and ice are different states of water.
Mystery: Fluffy cotton
Float somewhere.
The cotton is lower
The closer the rain is. ( Cloud)
Observation #6
Monitoring weather changes. It's getting even warmer, thawed patches have appeared, drops have begun.
Didactic game "Smart wordsmith" - develop logical thinking.
Falling from roofs or trees of melting snow in drops, as well as these drops themselves.
(drops).
Quite a small drop droplet).
Warm weather in winter or spring when snow and ice melt ( thaw).
The place where the snow melted and the earth opened ( thawed patch).
F. Tyutchev's poem:
Winter is getting angry
Her time has passed
Spring is knocking on the window
And drives from the yard.
Wicked witch pissed off
And, capturing the snow,
Let go, run away
To a beautiful child...
Spring and grief is not enough:
Washed up in the snow
And only became blush
Against the enemy.
And everything fussed
Everything forces Winter out -
And larks in the sky
The alarm has already been raised.
Winter is still busy
And grumbles at Spring.
She laughs in her eyes
And it only makes more noise...
Observation #7
Feeder observation. What birds fly to the tree? What food do they like best? What do sparrows, tits, pigeons eat? What color are the feathers of the titmouse? Dove? Which one is more? What helps birds fly? Can we fly? Why?
Mystery: No hands, but knows how to build ( bird).
Observation #8
Watching the snow melt. Where does it melt the fastest? (at the tree trunk). Tree roots absorb water. Icicles often appear on the roofs of houses on the sunny side. Think why?
Didactic game "Smart vocabulary":
An unfrozen or already melted place on the icy surface of a river, lake, sea ( polynya).
The flood of the river during the melting of snow and the opening from ice in the spring ( high water).
The time when the roads become impassable due to mud ( slush).
Small water stream stream).
And how to call it affectionately? ( brook).
Observation #9
Continue watching for signs of spring (April). Discuss folk signs and proverbs:
Lots of snow, lots of bread.
Water flowed from the mountains - brought spring.
Spring rain never fails.
Long icicles - for a long spring.
A lot of juice flows from birches - by a rainy summer.
S. Marshak's poem "April":
April, April! Drops are ringing in the yard.
Streams run through the fields, puddles on the roads.
Soon the ants will come out after the winter cold.
The bear makes its way through the forest deadwood,
The birds began to sing songs, and the snowdrop blossomed.
Observation #10
Air monitoring.
The poem "Transparent invisible":
He is a transparent invisible
Light and colorless gas.
Weightless scarf
He envelops us.
He is in the forest - thick, fragrant,
Like a healing potion
It smells of resinous freshness,
Smells like oak and pine.
In summer it is warm
Blows cold in winter
When the frost lay on the glass
Lush white fringe.
We don't notice it
We don't talk about him.
We just breathe it in
He's what we need!
What properties does air have? ( colorless, transparent, odorless).
Where do you think the air is better - in the forest or in the city? ( forest air is not only clean, but also healing. In the city, the air is completely different: it smells like gasoline and car exhaust, polluted with particles of dust and soot. Such air is harmful to both humans and plants.).
Think about when the air in the city becomes fresher, cleaner? ( after rain or heavy snow. Raindrops and snowflakes purify, wash the air, taking dust and soot away with them.).
What are people doing to clean the city air? ( people plant trees in the city, especially poplar cleans the air).
Observation #11
Watching for signs of spring in inanimate nature. How has the snow changed with the advent of spring? What happened to the water that was formed from the melting snow? How has the soil changed with the advent of spring?
Didactic game "Choose a word" - exercise in the selection of nouns and in the correct agreement of words.
Sunny, fun...
Clear, cold...
Grey, gloomy...
Timid, early...
It rises, it appears, it grows...
They fly, they return...
Observation #12
Explain to the children the concept of "ice drift", tell that after the ice drift a violent awakening of nature begins. First, the ice on the rivers darkens, then cracks appear in the ice, and the ice breaks. On the rivers, ice floes move quickly, colliding and piling up on each other.
Poem by V. Berestov " spring fairy tale»:
The fish hit the ice together.
And the river began to ice.
S. Baruzdin's poem "Ice drift":
Ice drift! Ice drift!
The winter ice has broken!
Maybe it's an icebreaker
Did you walk along the Moscow River?
No, big icebreakers
Never go here.
This is from the beams of cheerful
The ice floes are slippery.
But the rays catch up with them -
Ice floes are melting, disappearing
And give space to the wave.
Ice floes give way
Sun, light and spring!
Observation #13
Watching the melting of snow and ice. Task for children: determine where snow and ice melt faster (in the sun or in the shade). Why is there ice in the puddles in the morning, and in the afternoon it turns into water? Why do icicles on the sunny side melt, but not in the shade? Establish a connection with the air temperature using a thermometer. Pay attention to the formation of puddles, streams (playing with boats).
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"
What can you say about snow? What does snow do? ( goes, falls, spins, flies, lies down, shines, melts, shimmers, creaks ...)
Observation #14
Continue to watch for signs of spring, for changes in the weather. There is almost no snow left. Why?
Didactic game "Say the opposite about spring" - learn to choose antonyms for words.
early - late
Lingering - friendly
Warm - cold
Cheerful - sad.
Observation #15
Willow observation. Pay attention that white “lambs” have already appeared on the willow.
Signs:
I saw fluff on the willow - spring under the hearth.
Without willow - not spring.
Mystery:
White sheep run on a candle (willow).
Observation #16
Tree watching. Explain to the children that sap flow begins in trees in spring. On the site, find a tree in which juice is released from a crack in the bark, and pay attention to the fact that insects gather near the crack - lovers of "sweet". Explain to the children that it has become warm, and water with dissolved substances from the soil rises along the trunk to the buds, they will come to life and the leaves will bloom.
Mystery: We saw him dressed in spring and summer.
And in the fall, all the shirts were torn off the poor thing. ( Wood)
An exercise in compiling and distributing a proposal.
At the edge grew (what?) ... pine.
(Which? tall, slender, beautiful).
She has (what?) ... trunk.
(which ? long, straight, naked).
Only upwards grow (what?) ... branches
(which? Thick, fluffy, spiky).
Observation #17
Watching people's clothes. How did the air temperature change with the advent of spring? Why did people start dressing lighter?
F. Lev's poem "Spring-Red":
Spring is red outside!
Why is spring-red clear?
The sun is hot, the light is bright,
Sticky bud, first leaf,
The sky is clear, the sun is red.
Observation #18
Soil monitoring. Invite the children to see which part of the site dries out faster (with clay soil or sandy). Explain that clay soil holds water more strongly and therefore does not dry out for a long time, while sandy soil allows water to pass through and therefore dries out quickly. Pay attention to the fact that there are few plants on clay soil, and on sandy soil, plants appear earlier, but then quickly dry out.
Observation #19
Insect observation. Invite children to find insects. Establish a connection between the arrival of birds and the appearance of insects. Bring the children to the conclusion that April is the month when everything wakes up in living and inanimate nature (we have May).
The poem "You don't catch them with a net!":
Insects are busy
Filling the garden with life:
There the grasshoppers chirp,
Here the mosquitoes are ringing.
Everyone is busy with important work:
golden bee
She sat on a fragrant flower,
Collected honey juice.
Here in the bushes near the path
busy ant,
Clinging to the grass
Milking aphids with antennae.
Don't touch them, don't
Don't catch them with a net!
Let them live next to you
Moths and ants.
Observation #20
Observation of fallen leaves after the snow melts. Remember what they were like in the fall, compare, note the changes. Explain to the children that all the valuable nutrients that were in the leaves returned back to the ground. Tree roots provide food and the tree grows.
Observation #21
Observation of poplar buds. Pay attention to the fact that they are larger compared to birch.
V. Tovarkov's poem "The First Leaves":
On the mighty poplar
Together the kidneys burst.
And from each kidney
The leaves came out
Expanded the tubes
Fluffed up skirts
looked back, smiled
And they said: "We woke up!"
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"- exercise in the selection of verbs.
What do buds do in spring? ( pour, swell, burst, unfold into green leaves, grow, open, the first leaves appear from the buds - tender, green, fragrant, odorous ...)
Observation #22
Shadow watching. On a sunny day, draw the children's attention to a dark spot of shadow that constantly follows them. Where is it from? Where else are there such dark spots? (Find as many as possible). What do the children's shadows look like? Invite the children to try to catch up with their shadow. Why is it impossible? Is it possible to catch up with someone else's shadow? How to do it?
Proverb: From a tall tree and a big shadow.
Mystery: She goes where you go
He does not ask for food or drink.
But so afraid of the dark
What will throw you here (shadow).
Observation #23
Rain watching. To teach to see the connection between warm spring rain and the awakening of wildlife: small leaves become larger, young grass grows, dandelions begin to bloom, earthworms appear. Explain why they appear.
Mystery: People are waiting for me, calling
And when I come to them, they run away. (rain)
Observation #24
Cloud observation. Clouds cannot be similar to each other, they are constantly changing their shape. Offer to look at the clouds and say what they look like.
Finger game "Cloud":
white cloud Rounded hands in front of you, fingers behind
Rise above the roof. Without disengaging hands lift them over your head.
The cloud rushed Straighten your arms.
Higher, higher, higher. Stretch your arms up.
The wind is a cloud Smooth swinging of the arms above the head from
side to side.
Caught on a twist. Clasp your hands with your fingertips above your head.
Turned into a cloud Hands describe across the sides down big
In a rain cloud. circle and drop. Sit down.
Observation #25
Sun watching. Specify when the sun heats up more: morning, afternoon or evening. To this end, take out metal objects for morning and evening walks, observe which objects heat up more - dark or light. Lead the children to the conclusion that the soil is dark in color, it retains heat.
Mystery: What is higher than the forest
More beautiful than the world
Does it burn without fire? ( sun).
Observation #26
Tree watching. The sun is a source of heat. Different trees relate differently to temperature values. Some of them can withstand the cold, others can only live in warmth. The beginning of the appearance of leaves also depends on the amount of heat.
Observation #27
Observation of the blooming of leaves on trees and shrubs. Note that the leaves do not bloom at the same time on different plants. The first leaves are alder, aspen, and then birch. Leaves require a lot of nutrients to bloom. These nutrients come to the kidneys from the roots along the stem.
Mystery: Will stretch out dozens of hands to us
And thousands of palms wood).
Observation #28
Plant observation. Detect signs of plant awakening (bud swelling). Learn to recognize plants by their buds. Birch blossom - earrings. When observing the flowering of a birch, clarify the knowledge of children that earrings are flowers.
A. Prokofiev's poem "Birch":
I love Russian birch
Either bright or sad
In a white sarafan
With handkerchiefs in pockets
With beautiful clasps
With green earrings.
I love her, elegant,
Native, invisible,
That bright, seething,
That sad, crying.
I love Russian birch
She is always with her friends
Bent low under the wind
And bends - but does not break!
Observation #29
Storm watch. Pay attention to changes in nature before a thunderstorm. Observe what happens first - thunder or lightning flashes and why. Discuss with the children what is common and how a thunderstorm differs from other types of rain (short-term, prolonged, drizzling, mushroom). Remember the rules of behavior during a thunderstorm.
Mystery: Noisy, thundered,
I washed everything and left.
And orchards and orchards
I watered the whole area. (Thunderstorm)
Observation #30
Observation of the dandelion (stages of growth, flowering and seed formation). Compare the size of the stem in the sun and in the shade, discuss the effect of heat and light on plant growth. At the dandelion, the corollas open in the morning and close again in the evening. Draw observations.
Mystery: On a green fragile leg
The ball has grown by the track. ( Dandelion)
Observation #31
Plant observation. Watch the birch blossom: pay attention that the earrings are different in color, some are green, while others are brownish. Take earrings in your hands - pollen will remain on your hands. Discuss with the children why birch trees need pollen.
Mystery: blooms in summer,
Warm in winter
Spring will come -
A tear will flow Birch).
Observation #32
Observation of land and soil. Plants - trees, shrubs, grasses and flowers - need soil, because it is from it that they all get their food - moisture and nutrients. And what will happen to the soil if it is very hot and dry? How will this affect plants? What does the soil look like when it rains or we water more from a watering can? Why do you need to loosen the soil? Who, besides a man, loosens it?
The poem "Part of the native land":
In the spring everything grows wildly,
The trees have blossomed!
When you come to the garden
Take a lump of earth.
Look - he is warm, he is alive,
Soaked in rain moisture.
Flower roots live in it,
He gives shelter to worms,
It contains moisture, air, humus ...
He is part of your native land!
Observation #33
Watching the life of wintering birds in spring. What is the difference between the life of birds in spring and their life in autumn and winter? (now they fly to the feeder less often).
Poem by O.G. Zykova "Tits":
Oh, and cunning birds,
Yellow-breasted tits.
Only in a big cold
These birds are friends with the woodpecker.
Well, in the summer all the tits
They can feed themselves.
Observation #34
Larch observation. Larch is the most numerous tree in Russia. Larch forests occupy the largest areas in our country. Note that the crown and trunk of the tree resemble a cone in shape. Now bunches of tender, young needles with a special aroma have appeared from the buds. Its light green needles, unlike other conifers, turn yellow in autumn and fall off. Along with the needles, small, graceful, red bumps appeared.
Puzzles:
Like pines, like fir trees, but in winter without needles.
It looks like a Christmas tree, but soft needles.
Undressing in winter
Dressed in spring. (Larch)
Exercise "Make a proposal" - to exercise children in the use of polysemantic words in their own speech ( bump, needles).
Observation #35
Shadow watching. Find out if the shape and size of the shadows change during the day? To do this, outline with a stick on the sand or on the asphalt the shadow of a tree or other immovable object during morning walk and then in the evening. Compare shadow positions at different times of the day.
Mystery: From whom, my friends,
Can't run away?
Relentlessly on a clear day
Wanders next to us ... ( shadow)
Observation #36
Offer to listen to the sounds of the cuckoo. Unlike other birds, the cuckoo does not make nests in spring to incubate eggs. She lays her eggs in the nests of other birds.
Poem by O.G. Zykova "Cuckoo":
I don't remember the birds
I fly and fly
I'll sit on a bitch
I'll shout - ku-ku, ku-ku.
And in other people's nests eggs
I'll put it off without shame
Because I am a cuckoo
I don't build my own nest.
I'm screaming coo-coo, coo-coo
The beak is not open.
Look at me,
I am the only one!
Mystery: I don't know mother and father
But I often call
Children I will not know -
I'll wake up someone else's ( Cuckoo).
Observation #37
Observation of the work of adults in the garden. Help your child remember garden tools, understand its purpose.
Didactic game "For what?":
The facilitator asks questions, the children take turns answering. For the answer - a chip. The winner is the one with the most chips.
What gardening tools do you know?
Why did people invent a shovel, rake, chopper, watering can?
Observation #1
Observing changes in nature. Offer to find signs of summer.
Poem by L. Nekrasova "Summer":
Summer sun rolled in
shone, shone
Cherries, daisies,
Buttercups, porridge.
Summer! Summer! Summer! Summer!
Dressed in bright colors
Warmed by the hot sun
Let the summer be longer!
Observation #2
Observation of bird cherry blossoms, discuss aromas, why are they so fragrant. Remind that flowers are future fruits. Compare with the flowering of poplar and birch. Introduce children to folk omen that bird cherry blooms during the cooling period. Pay attention to the appearance of a large number of flies, mosquitoes and other flying insects.
Poem by V. Zhukovsky "Bird cherry"
And all fragrant
dropping petals,
Blossoms, cherry blossoms
In a ravine by the river.
From morning to late dusk
From all ends of the earth
They rush to her flowers
Heavy bumblebees.
Didactic game "I saw on our tree ..." - develop memory, help to remember the features of the life of a tree. The host says: "I saw a leaf on our tree." Each child must reproduce the phrase of the previous participant, supplementing with his own object. The next one says: “I saw a leaf and a flower on our tree”, the third: “I saw a leaf, a flower and a bird on our tree”, etc.
Observation #3
Insect observation. There are more and more insects every day: mosquitoes, butterflies, beetles. Learn to distinguish between several types of butterflies (cabbage,). Butterflies have a very beautiful pattern on their wings - one of the most beautiful among those created by nature. But you can’t grab butterflies by the wings, as they are covered with delicate pollen, which is easy to wipe off, and after that the butterfly will not be able to fly after that. Explain to the children that butterflies lay eggs, caterpillars hatch from these eggs, which eat the leaves of plants. Later, the caterpillars entangle themselves with a thread released from the abdomen and turn into pupae, and butterflies reappear from the pupae.
Sentence: Butterfly-box,
Fly to the cloud
There are your children
On a birch branch.
Mystery: Slept flower
And suddenly woke up
I didn't want to sleep anymore
Moved, stirred
It flew up and flew away. ( Butterfly)
Observation #4
Watching the earthworm. Find out which of the guys saw these inhabitants of the soil before. Where was it? Why are worms called earthworms? When is the easiest time to find them? Draw the attention of the children to the fact that underground inhabitants most often crawl out of their minks during rain. Water fills their burrows, and they lack air. Invite the children to collect all the earthworms that are on the footpath and transfer them to a safe place: to a flower bed, under a tree, to a vegetable garden. Discuss why this should be done. What would these animals say to children if they could speak?
Poem by O.G. Zykova “The Earthworm”:
He is very hardworking
Does not sit without work
The whole earth with an obedient body
He plows tirelessly.
We need it ourselves
We eat this land. -
Taking a break from work
Rain said the worm. -
I am not an enemy to my native land.
Mystery: My tail is indistinguishable from my head.
You will always find me in the earth. (Worm)
Observation #5
Monitoring weather changes. Continue to enrich and consolidate the "weather" vocabulary. To teach children to accurately describe the weather, to actively use epithets and figurative expressions in their speech. Why is it so hot in summer and cold in winter?
Dictionary: hot, hot, frying, hot day, the sun bakes hot, hot, like in an oven.
Observation #6
Observation of fireweed and wormwood. The people call fireweed - Ivan-tea, Ivan-grass, weeds, willow-grass, wild flax, honey grass, fur, warm flower. Tell the children that fireweed is a very good honey plant. Fresh fireweed honey is completely transparent, a glass of honey seems empty. This honey has medicinal properties. And experts say that he is the sweetest. Fireweed is also brewed like tea.
Why was the flower called Ivan in Russia? Maybe because the poor Ivans could not afford other tea? Or maybe they began to call him that for his character: a brave, strong, persistent flower, like the Russian Ivan.
Poem by E. Serova:
Fireweed blossomed in the meadow.
Here is a family of heroes!
Strong, stately and blush
The giant brothers have risen.
Glorious chosen outfit -
Jackets are on fire.
Mystery: Ivashka grew up:
Red shirt,
green hands,
Green boots.
Invites to visit
He serves tea. (fireweed)
Wormwood was popularly called: Chernobyl, wormwood grass, widow's grass, serpentine, God's tree, steppe chimka. Wormwood is one of our bitterest plants. Wormwood among the Slavic peoples was attributed miraculous power. In Russia, on the eve of the holiday of Ivan Kupala, the villagers girded themselves with Chernobyl, put wreaths from it on their heads. This was supposed to protect against diseases, witchcraft and encounters with monsters for a whole year.
Observation #7
Sand experiments. One of the main properties of dry sand is flowability. It also does not have its own form: the form changes with each new vessel in which it is placed. What happens if the sand gets wet? Then it will stop being loose. From wet sand, you can sculpt Easter cakes, create different figures using sand molds.
Observation #8
Plant observation. Recall with children that the vast kingdom of plants is divided into 3 states: the state of trees, the state of shrubs, the state of herbs and flowers. The conditions necessary for plant growth are sunlight, water, heat.
Observation #9
Birdwatching. Pay attention to their diversity.
Poem by S.D. Drozhzhin "Bird":
Fun on the loose
little bird to fly,
Above the flowers in the field
sing songs;
And on a flexible branch,
In the dusk of the forest
Children are waiting for the singer
In the native nest.
Observation #10
Soil monitoring. Make a small hole in the territory of the kindergarten and try to count how many roots you find there: a lot or a little? With the help of such roots, the earth waters and feeds trees, grasses, bushes. It is a real dining room for them.
E. Moshkovskaya. "Let's leave some land"
The street needs to dress up in a suit.
Live without a suit?
Not! No good!
She will flaunt in the asphalt,
Cars will come out, they will walk,
We'll draw flowers on the pavement!
You know what, let's...
Let's leave some land
We couldn't forget her!
Observation #11
Observation of the flashing of lightning during a thunderstorm (observation is carried out in the back of the group opposite the window). Lightning is a strong electric spark (discharge) that arises from the collision of clouds when they are highly electrified. Zippers are narrow, long, similar to a ruler and therefore are called linear. There is also ball lightning, it has the shape of a ball (sometimes elongated). Lightning colors are white, blue, purple and black.
How should you behave during a thunderstorm? Thunderstorms and lightning should not be afraid, but they must beware:
You can't get close to the windows.
Do not pick up metal objects, as they attract electricity.
On the street, one should not stand under tall trees (especially poplars): they attract an electric discharge (lightning), which breaks and ignites them.
Reading the poem by E. Kokhan "Cloud":
A cloud crept up to the sun, grab the beam:
Yep, got it! Why are you sending drought?
And, instantly angry, she hid it in her bosom.
And then under the interruption of thunder peals
She doused us with water from head to toe.
Here's the annoyance, here's the trouble: the field, without looking back
They let us in - who goes where - we are in all shoulder blades.
Rain whips
And suddenly through the darkness, opening the window,
We have seen, but how the sun will laugh!
Observation #12
Insect observation. How do insects move? ( They can crawl, walk, fly, swim, jump, and run.). What do insects eat? ( green leaves, ripe fruit, fallen leaves, tree bark, other insects, pollen). How do insects escape from enemies? ( nature gives them a protective coloration, some repellent coloration, many have a sharp sting).
Poem:
When in a fragrant pine forest
You sit down on a stump in the summer,
Take a good look around -
You will notice a lot, friend!
The ant is dragging the larva,
Hastens somewhere between the roots
Big pine. On a fat bitch
The golden beetle perched.
A light moth flutters,
Drinks fragrant juice with a proboscis,
And the bee collects honey.
Everyone is busy, everyone has things to do!
My friend! Take a close look
You will see the magic of life!
Observation #13
Continue soil monitoring. Recall riddles, proverbs that reflect the relationship of plants and soil fertility. For example:
“He takes a loan in grain, gives back in a loaf”;
“She didn’t give birth to anyone, but everyone calls her mother.”
Why is the earth called the "wonderful pantry"?
Observation #14
Examine the stump with the children on the site (use magnifiers). Touch the remaining bark: is it loose or hard? Do you think it is a "young" stump or an "old" one? Why? Are there mosses or lichens, mushrooms, ants, passages of beetle larvae on it?
Observation #15
Shadow watching. In sunny weather, sometimes large clouds float across the sky. To draw the attention of children: when a cloud covers the sun, we all find ourselves in the shadow on earth.
Poem E. Shen, W. Shao-Shan "Shadow":
Good on a hot day
Meet Auntie Shadow!
under the green leaves
Met you.
We danced in the shadows
We laughed in the shadows.
Good on a hot day
Meet Auntie Shadow!
Observation #16
Watching the summer rain. In the past, the magical calling of rain has evolved over time into fun game children who willingly shouted spells, engaging in mischievous conversation with the rain.
Mystery: Came from the sky
Gone to the ground. ( Rain)
Call: Rain, lei, lei, lei,
Don't feel sorry for anyone
No birches, no poplars!
Rain, rain, harder
To make the grass greener
Flowers will grow
And green leaves!
Observation #17
Observation after the rain and the appearance of a rainbow in the sky. Invite the children to admire the rainbow, express their opinion about its appearance, tell what they like about it; name the colors of the rainbow and count them. Tell the children that a particularly bright, festive rainbow occurs after a noisy summer thunderstorm or during a thunderstorm. With a drizzle, the colors of the rainbow are pale, and the rainbow itself can turn into a whitish semicircle, since it is formed when the sun's ray is refracted in every drop of rain. The rainbow appears after the rain, when the sun peeks out from behind the clouds, only in the direction opposite to the sun. If you face the sun, you won't see a rainbow.
Mystery: What a miracle - beauty!
painted gate
Appeared on the way!
Neither enter nor enter them. ( Rainbow)
M. Lermontov's poem
There is a multi-colored arc,
Having fun, smartly divas
A beautiful bridge is being built on the clouds,
So that from one rock to another
Pass the air path.
Observation #18
Experiments with rain gauges. Put them before the rain in different places: one under a tree, the second in an open place. Discuss with the children which of the containers will contain more water. Why do they think so?
Observation #19
Monitoring the length of the day. Why does it get dark so late in summer? We are already going to bed, and it’s not so dark outside the window? Why in winter, when we are just walking out of the kindergarten, is it already dark outside and all the lights are on? Explain that both hot weather and long days in summer are due to the fact that our planet now receives more sunlight and heat.
Didactic game "Who is more?" What is a summer day? ( hot, cool, cold, warm, rainy, sunny, joyful, sultry, long, etc.)
Observation #20
Poplar observation. Compare poplar and aspen: how are they similar and how are they different. Emphasize that these trees are close relatives. Watch the spread of poplar seeds, the flying white fluff.
Poem by N. Golovina "Snowstorm in the heat":
In the middle of summer - white snow!
The blizzard is spinning!
In the middle of summer - white snow!
Creeps along the roads.
Thirty degrees heat
Miracles, and nothing more.
Snow is dancing in the yard
Now quadrille, then polka.
Snow plays with children
Let's laugh at the heat!
The poplar flaps its leaves,
Fluff flies overhead.
Observation #21
Continue watching the poplar. Try blowing on earrings and poplar seeds: how strong must the wind be that carries them? What do the earrings look like? ( on furry caterpillars). Check if dust remains on the poplar leaves. ( the leaves of this tree are very smooth, so all the dirt is easily washed off from them during the rain.)
Didactic game "A tree is ..." - the game develops thinking, actualizes the experience of children, their knowledge, allows you to look at the same object from different points of view.
Determine the importance of a tree for the life of various birds, animals, etc.
For a bird, a tree is ... ( canteen; a place to build a nest; a place where she can hide, etc.).
For the beetle, our oak is ... ( his dwelling; the place where he lays larvae, where he can find prey).
For an artist, a tree is ... ( object for painting, source of inspiration).
For a weary traveler, a sprawling tree is ... ( a place where on a hot day you can hide from the hot sun, relax).
A tree for a hare is ... ( food - bark in winter, shelter).
A tree for a city dweller is ... ( fresh air; coolness in the heat; "umbrella" from the rain; a place to rest, etc.)
Observation #22
Wind observation.
Mystery: It is not known where he lives.
It will fly - the trees are oppressed.
Whistling - trembling along the river.
Mischievous, but you won't get away! ( Wind)
Observation #23
Observation and care of garden plants. Vegetable crops need water, air, light, soil for full growth and ripening of fruits.
Why do we water the beds? ( to water the plant; it still rains on them).
Why does soil become hard and stone-like when exposed to the sun? ( due to water evaporation).
Plants breathe, their roots need air, but how can air get into the soil? ( it gets there after loosening the ground around the plant. The same thing, only without a hoe, does an earthworm).
Why is it necessary to weed and thin out plants? ( so that plants have more light).
Observation #24
Watching insects (mosquitoes). In appearance, the mosquito is small and harmless - it has a thin body, weak legs and two bellies. On the head of the mosquito there is a proboscis with which the mosquito pierces the skin of the victim and sucks blood, as well as a pair of small antennae. Mosquitoes bite. Mosquito bites are painful and itchy.
Sentence: Vanka, Vanka mosquito,
Fly to your backyard!
There is your grandfather
Eats a turnip
There is your grandmother
Eats pancakes.
You are expected
The pieces are eating!
Mystery: You can't see yourself
And the song is heard.
The poem "I caught a mosquito":
I covered myself with a blanket
And quietly dozed off
Suddenly heard through a dream
Subtle mosquito sound.
A mosquito hovering over me
And ringing, ringing, ringing
Get drunk on my blood
And fly out the window.
I turned on the table light -
There is no mosquito!
Turned off the light. Again
He began to fly over me.
So until morning
I caught a mosquito!
Observation #25
Insect observation (ant). He is very strong and can carry heavy things. 10 times its own weight. Offer to consider an ant ( he has a thickened abdomen, chest, head, three pairs of small legs. The ant has strong jaws, very mobile antennae that act as organs of touch.).
Proverb: The ant is small, but it digs mountains.
Poem by V.L. Gaazov "Ant family":
How many there and here!
The "nanny" eggs are protected,
They wear, often stir,
Ants are waiting.
If they were born, they feed them,
To grow up for seven.
They grow up fast
And they start working.
There are feeders-ants -
They are the breadwinners of the family
Everything edible that they find
They take it straight to the house.
There are soldier ants here,
These are brave guys.
The anthill is guarded.
Nobody is let through.
The queens of ants are queens.
Everyone should bow down to them.
After all, they are the head of the family.
The ants know this.
Observation #26
Watching the growth of peas in the garden.
Sentence: This, this pea
Sow peas!
Freak out, peas
And big and white
For the fun of everyone:
And himself thirty -
For all guys.
Observation #27
Birdwatching.
An excerpt from a poem by K.K. Sluchevsky "Our Birds":
Our ordinary birds are lovely,
Jackdaw, crow and thief-sparrow!
Happy countries are not so much known,
How many are known to my fatherland ...
Your colors are all grey, black,
Yes, and your appearance is very simple:
Beaks like beaks, straight, agile,
And without figured feathers tails.
Observation #28
Monitoring of flower beds and flower beds. Fix color names. How do you know what a plant is missing? What needs to be done to make the plant grow better? (light, moisture, nutrition).
Observation #29
Dandelion watching. Golden flowers shone in the green grass, and suddenly they all wilted, as if someone had taken and crushed them. Dandelions caught a change in the weather, felt the imminent rain and squeezed their petals, hiding pollen from moisture. It will get wet and will not fly in the wind, will not fall from flower to flower. Wet pollen will not be able to transfer and the bee. An unpollinated flower will not produce seeds. And when the seeds have already begun, they have acquired their own fly - a parachute, the plant follows the weather even more. On a sunny day, all ripe dandelions sway in the meadow with light fluffy balls. Each parachute is waiting for a good wind to break away from the mother plant and fly to new lands. But it also happens: right before your eyes, a gray veil of dense clouds covers the sky, a breeze rises ... remember: did fluffy balls of dandelions sway on the lawn in the morning? No, they didn't swing. Although the sun was still shining with might and main, instead of balloons there were sadly compressed "umbrellas". Dandelion knows that wet parachutes do not fly well, so he hid them until a good time.
Observation #30
Word game: clap your hands when you hear a word suitable for an ant (explain the choice of each word).
Dictionary: anthill, green, flitting, honey, evasive, industrious, red back, apiary, annoying, beehive, hairy, ringing, river, chirping, cobweb, apartment, aphids, pest, “flying flower”, honeycomb, buzzing, needles, “champion jumping", motley-winged, big eyes, carrier of diseases, striped, swarm, nectar, bloodsucker, beekeeper, pollen, red-whiskered, caterpillar, strong man, flies, predator, protective coloration, frightening coloring ...
Observation #31
Observation of the plantain "White Man's Footprint".
Today we will consider a plant that the Indians called the footprint of a white man. This is plantain. Why do you think it was called plantain? (it grows along the roads). Why can it grow where they walk, ride a bicycle? The earth is trampled down, but it grows. Look closely at the plant. Maybe you can guess? (it has leaves on the ground, almost no stem. If there was a stem, it would break when people walked over it). Consider its leaves. Maybe they will reveal their secret to you? Rip off the sheet. Is it easy to pluck a plantain leaf? (Difficult). Consider how the veins of a plantain leaf are located. Compare with the leaf of another plant (they protrude outward, you can feel them, while other herbs do not). Correctly noticed. Plantain has convex veins. If you stand on it, they will snuggle up to the ground, they will not let the leaf tear. A person leaves, the leaf straightens. For these strong veins on the leaves, the people called the plantain a seven-core. About a strong, hardy person, they also say “seven-core”. Now you understand why plantain can grow near roads?
Mystery: Lying flat on the road
Scattered his arms and legs.
They beat him with a boot
They hit him with a wheel
He does not care a straw.
Consider sultans. Who carries the seeds? After all, they have no wings, no parachutes, like dandelion seeds, no thorns, like burdock (they are carried on their feet). Test with your finger to see if the seeds stick to it (no). Soak the seeds in water. Now touch them. Seeds stuck! Mix seeds with damp soil. When the rain has passed, the seeds are mixed with mud, and they are carried on the paws of a cat and a dog, a man on boots. Why did the Indians call this plant the footprint of a white man, now guessed (white people on shoes with mud brought seeds)?
In America, the plantain did not grow before the arrival of white people there. Wherever they passed, plantain appeared. So they called this plant after the white man. Where is this plant used? This is a medicinal plant. It is applied to wounds so that blood does not flow, dirt does not get in, the wound heals faster. In the people, this plant is called a companion, cutter, wounder, seven-veiner.
Poem by L. Gerasimova "Plantain":
Here is a leaf growing -
All veined, small,
As if stitched with threads
Plantain - Aibolit!
Though they trample his feet -
He does not leave the road!
They run along it, they walk
And they don't even notice!
But in vain! Useful sheet -
Heals many diseases!
Observation #32
Tansy observation.
Consider a plant. In the people it is known as wild mountain ash. How are they similar? (leaves are the same). What color are the leaves above and below? (dark green above, grayish below the tansy). Describe tansy flowers (they look like bright yellow buttons clustered together). Now smell the tansy. The smell of tansy people scare away flies and moths. It is known that the moth loves everything woolen: mittens, sweaters, fur hats, fur coats. So they shift clothes with tansy to protect them from moths. Why was tansy called wild mountain ash? (her leaves look like rowan leaves, and the flowers are arranged in the same way as rowan berries - in the form of an umbrella).
Observation #33
Beetle watching. Help the children to establish the general in their structure: 6 paws and 4 wings.
Mystery: Cheren, but not a bull,
Six legs without hooves
Flying - howling
And he sits down - he digs the earth. ( Bug)
Poem by V.L. Gaazov "Beetles":
There is a huge stag beetle
He is not too lazy to wear horns.
He scares his enemies with them,
He does not allow himself to be eaten.
Beetle with the name "rhinoceros":
Do you see a strong strong horn?
For enemies, he is a deterrent,
For a beetle, it is an ornament.
Target walk to school No. 1
(visiting the school line)
Watch how they meet those who came for the first time in the first class. Remind the children that today all schools in the city begin academic year, and next autumn the children will also go to school, and they will be met just as solemnly and affably.
Z. Alexandrova's poem "To School":
Yellow leaves are flying
The day is merry.
Leading a kindergarten
Kids to school.
Our flowers have bloomed
The birds are flying.
you go for the first time
Study in first grade.
sad dolls sit
On an empty terrace.
Our fun kindergarten
Remember in class.
Remember the garden
A river in the far field...
We are also in a year
We will be with you at school.
Target Walk #2
(on the territory of the kindergarten)
Invite the children to note the changes that have occurred on the territory of the kindergarten after the summer: the flowers that the children planted on their site in the spring are blooming, the verandas have been repaired, new buildings have appeared, etc. to remind that all this was done by adults, they took care of the children, and in order to always be so beautiful, everything must be protected.
Target Walk #3
Remind the children that there are many children in cities who go to school. Therefore, there are many schools in the city. Invite the children to watch physical education lessons, consider the sports ground and the area near the school, its building. Ask why there are so many windows, why are the windows so big. Remind that many children will go to this school in the fall.
Target walk in the forest (autumn) No. 4
Observation of cranberries. Tell the children that lingonberries are an evergreen shrub with dark green foliage. The leaves are dense, leathery, numerous, very small black dots are visible on their underside. Cowberry berries are beautiful red peas, very noticeable among the green foliage. They have a refreshing and pleasant sweet and sour taste. Lingonberries are eaten fresh, jam is made from it, wetted, etc. cranberries are among the medicinal plants. Its leaves are used in medicine.
Cowberry berries serve as food for forest animals and especially birds. Lingonberry is a plant characteristic of a coniferous forest.
V. Linkov's poem "Green Ears":
From a hummock on a snowy edge
Curious ears stick out.
Not mice and not chanterelles -
Green lingonberry leaves.
I covered the bump with snow
Not a leaf is visible now.
Cowberry, sleep under your pillow
And then you will freeze your ear.
Mystery: glossy leaf,
Berries with blush
And the bushes themselves -
Not higher than a bump ( cowberry).
Target Walk #5
(along the nearby streets, the rules for crossing the street).
Invite the children to tell how they will cross the street in one place or another:
where there is a traffic light;
where there is no traffic light;
where there is a pedestrian crossing.
Remind the children that there are many different types of transport in the city. Offer to observe the passing transport and divide it into two groups according to some common feature. If the children do not guess to divide transport into freight and passenger, ask what buses are for, Cars and why do we need dump trucks, trucks and bring the children to the right conclusions.
Target walk in the forest (autumn) No. 6
To give children knowledge about the forest as an animal community and flora(the forest gives clean air, protects from the wind, gives wood, forest gifts - berries, mushrooms, medicinal herbs). To expand children's knowledge about the native forest in which they grow various trees, shrubs, berries, mushrooms, herbs; animals, birds and insects live; in the forest people relax, admire its beauty, use its gifts. To develop in children a culture of perception, the ability to observe, compare, see beauty autumn scenery. Cultivate love for native land.
A. Pushkin's poem (excerpt):
... Sad time! Oh charm!
Your farewell beauty is pleasant to me -
I love the magnificent nature of wilting,
Forests clad in crimson and gold,
In their vestibule there is noise and fresh breath of the wind.
Proverbs:
The forest is wealth and beauty: take care of your forests.
The enemy of nature is the one who does not protect the forest.
Target Walk #7
(along the nearby streets, traffic lights work)
explain to the children that in the city there are not only streets, but also driveways, intersections, squares. Observe the work of transport, the behavior of pedestrians, the work of traffic lights. Remember the basic rules for crossing the street.
Target walk in the forest (autumn) No. 8
Mushroom watching. They do not have roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers or seeds. Under the ground is a mycelium - thin white threads. In order not to destroy it, mushrooms cannot be uprooted: they must be carefully cut with a knife, then for several years it will be possible to collect them in the same place. In order for mushrooms to grow, sufficient water is needed. Mushrooms are edible and inedible.
Didactic game "Relatives" - exercise in the selection of single-root words.
Guess the riddle:
One leg and hat
And there is no head.
(mushroom).
Name the mushroom affectionately.
(mushroom, fungus).
What is a person who picks mushrooms called?
(mushroomer).
What is the name of the rain that promotes the growth of mushrooms?
(mushroom rain).
What other words do you remember?
(mushroom picker, mushroom maker, etc.)
Target walk to the river (autumn) №9
To develop in children the ability to observe autumn signs on the river (the color of the water, the reflection of the sky, clouds in it; the grass fades on the banks, shrubs, trees shed their leaves). Show children the signs of a river flow; explain why ripples appear on the water. Systematize children's understanding of the relationship of living organisms with the environment. Make children want to take care of the protection of water bodies from pollution.
Target walk to the river (winter) №10
To give children knowledge about the changes taking place on the river: the river is covered with ice, at the beginning of winter the ice is thin, it is impossible to walk on it - it is dangerous. Fish and other aquatic inhabitants went to the bottom, buried themselves in silt and sand. There they doze.
G. Ladonshchikov's poem:
watchful fox
Went to the river for a drink.
Bent over and the water
Motionless and firm.
Puzzles: 1. It flowed, flowed and lay under glass (ice on the river).
2. Hidden in winter, appeared in spring,
I have fun in the summer, I go to bed in the fall (river).
Target Walk No. 11
(to the ski slope)
Viewing the snowy mountain, athletes, ski lifts, etc. Consider winter sports. Cultivate a positive attitude towards sports.
Puzzles: 1. Downhill - horses,
Uphill - pieces of wood. (Skis).
Target Walk #12
(along the streets of the city, institutions of the city)
Draw the attention of children to various institutions located in the city: a store, a pharmacy, a post office, etc. Ask who adults in the city can work with. To bring children to an understanding of the social significance of work.
Target walk in the woods (winter) No. 13
Pay attention to children's condition winter nature(Snow lies all around, he covered the grass, shrubs and trees from frost; in winter everything seems to freeze in the forest; the branches of shrubs and trees are very fragile in winter, so they must be handled very carefully, they break easily).
Didactic game "Choose definitions for the word Forest" - Practice choosing adjectives.
LES what? ( large, huge, dense, dense, beautiful, winter, autumn, spring, summer, coniferous, deciduous, mixed, birch, pine, necessary, green ...)
Target walk in the woods (winter) No. 14
Draw the attention of children to the fact that trees differ from each other not only in size, but also general form, branch arrangement, color, appearance(pine, aspen, birch). Learn to see beauty winter forest; to form in children through an emotional attitude to nature a steady interest in its phenomena and objects.
Target Walk to School Stadium #15
Clarify children's knowledge about winter games and fun. Clarification and enrichment of the dictionary: skis, sleds, skates (figured), skiers, skaters, figure skaters, ice, stadium. Surveillance at the stadium for various winter games.
Target Walk #16
(through the streets of the city, road signs)
Traffic light monitoring. Invite the children to tell how they can cross the street at a traffic light. Walk with the children to the place where there is no traffic light, and offer to tell how you can cross the street in this place. Pay attention to some signs - “Children”, “Pedestrian crossing”, “No entry”, etc. Remind that there is a lot of transport in the city and signs are needed for the safety of people: when crossing the street, you must follow the rules.
Target walk in the woods (spring) No. 17
Continue to tell children about the mixed forest and its multi-layered nature, which is created by different types of vegetation, as well as how they adapt to living conditions: the highest are light-loving pines, a little lower are alder, aspen, etc., even lower are shrubs, grasses . Fix the rules of behavior in the forest.
Proverbs:
Breaking a tree is a second, but growing it takes years.
The forest is the wealth and beauty of the earth.
Target Walk #18
(along the nearby streets, serving the citizens)
Recall the names of nearby streets, invite the children to explain these names. Pay special attention to public service enterprises: a store, a post office, a pharmacy, a printing house, etc. Offer to remember the names of the professions of people working there. Recall that all these enterprises are necessary for the convenience of city residents.
Target walk in the woods (spring) No. 19
Watch with children the animals that inhabit different "floors" of the forest - insects, frogs, birds, squirrels; on the concrete examples show relationships - in the forest everyone needs each other. Teach children to see the beauty of nature, to protect it.
Didactic game "Who will name the actions more" - exercise in the selection of words denoting the action of the subject.
What is LES doing? ( grows, makes noise, turns green, lives, breathes, purifies the air, pleases ...)
Target walk to the river (spring) №20
To teach children to observe the “life” of the river in spring (what river was in winter, what has changed; it became warm, the sun shines and warms, the sky is blue, the river is freed from ice; frogs wake up, they croak loudly, lay eggs in the water; beetles appear; plants start growing in water). To teach children to feel and perceive the beauty of the awakening of the river.
Target walk in the woods (summer) №21
Systematize children's knowledge about the forest as a multi-tiered system, the tiers of which are created different types vegetation, about the adaptability of plants to living conditions; to bring children to the understanding that animals occupy different tiers in the forest in accordance with the way of life, the nature of their food and the way they protect themselves from enemies. To teach to see the beauty of nature, to cultivate a desire to protect it.
S. Pogorelovsky's poem "The sun is hiding in the fog":
The sun hides in the fog
Forest dense, goodbye!
You protected us from the heat
Drink living water
Gave health, fresh strength
And treated me to a hotel.
You grow up for the joy of people!
We will be friends with you.
good forest,
mighty forest,
Full of fairy tales and wonders!
Target walk to the river (summer) №22
Continue to teach children to notice the changes that have occurred on the river compared to spring (there is more vegetation on the banks; more insects have appeared: white butterflies, lemongrass, moths, dragonflies, etc., many small fish - fry swim in the river near the shore; water warm, people sunbathe and swim in the river). To expand children's understanding of the importance of water in human life. Develop the desire to temper your body yourself.
G. Ladonshchikov's poem:
You look at the river
Seems to be in her
There are no juveniles or perches.
Only blue water runs
Winding through the meadow, not knowing where.
The river doesn't just flow and flow,
She is interesting life lives.
Puzzles: 1. Splashing in a clean river
The back is silvery (fish).
2. Blue airplane
Sat on a white dandelion (dragonfly).
Target walk in the forest (summer) No. 23
Summarize the knowledge of children about the forest (not only trees and shrubs grow in it, but also various berries, mushrooms, herbs; animals, birds, insects live; the forest begins with the edge, it has glades, thickets; light-loving plants grow on the edges and glades , more often - shade-loving). Cultivate love for the native land.
S. Pogorelovsky's poem "Forest":
Hello, forest, dense forest,
Full of fairy tales and wonders!
What are you making noise about?
Dark, stormy night?
What are you whispering to us at dawn
All in dew, as in silver?
Who is hiding in your wilderness?
What kind of animal? What bird?
Open everything, do not hide:
You see - WE ARE OWN.
Target Walk No. 24
Walk along Friendship Street (kindergarten area). Learn to navigate the terrain, learn to see the dangers. Fix the names of neighboring streets (Veselaya, Studenchesky proezd, etc.).
Summer work in the preschool educational institution is usually called wellness. This defines its main purpose. It is important to make the most of summer period to improve the health and recreation of children. It is necessary to prepare in advance for the upcoming summer period:
Find out which of the children will attend preschool in the summer;
Prepare a site, equipment, portable material necessary for the activities of children, taking into account their maximum stay in the air;
Make a plan for summer health work;
Carry out the necessary work with parents.
In the summer, changes are made to the daily routine of children: every day in each group, only one lesson is held in the first half of the day of the aesthetic or health cycle, i.e. musical or physical education. Children with NOD also have exercise therapy classes in subgroups. In the afternoon, entertainment, leisure activities, holidays, etc. are held twice a week.
Consolidation of knowledge and individual work on assimilation of the program takes place in games, daily activities, correctional work.
To improve the health of children, it is extremely important to maintain a cheerful vitality throughout the day. The day should be filled with interesting activities and games. Any inaction disorganizes children, relaxes the body, gives rise to boredom, apathy.
It is very important to follow the daily routine. Morning reception should be carried out only in the fresh air. Be sure to conduct daily morning wellness exercises. Classes are held according to the grid for the summer period (aesthetic, health cycles).
The diet of children must be strictly observed. Summer food should be enriched with fresh vegetables, fruits, berries. Since the institution cannot fully meet this need, it is necessary to involve parents in resolving this issue. Particular attention should be paid to compliance with the drinking regime ( daily requirement in the water of children 3-4 years old is about 1 liter, children 5-6 years old - 1.3 liters, in the hot period it increases). Fresh drinking water must always be prepared for drinking. It is good to give fruit drink from berries (at home) or rosehip infusion. It is unacceptable to use one cup for drinking during a walk. Each child should have individual dishes that are washed after use in accordance with hygienic requirements.
Walking in the summer has some peculiarities. The stay of children on the street significantly increases (up to 3.5-4 hours), so it is necessary to think in advance about the activities of adults and children on a walk:
Observations in nature have a special place for the comprehensive development of children. Each summer month has its own characteristics, and the teacher must know the sequence of occurrence of certain phenomena in order to organize interesting observations with children.
Excursions and hikes in nature are of great pedagogical value: they give children many new experiences, broaden their horizons, and cause a joyful, cheerful mood. For their implementation, you need to study the immediate natural environment well. Begin target walks in places located in the immediate vicinity of the kindergarten. Gradually, the distance to the place of the walk increases. The walk is getting longer. And every time the teacher sets a fascinating goal for the children. The purpose of the walk makes the observations of children more conscious and deep. It is important that on each such walk the children learn something new and interesting. Walks in nature are held in all groups of the kindergarten, unlike excursions that are held with children starting from the middle group.
Organizing an excursion is more difficult, as it requires more careful preparation. It is necessary to inspect the place of the excursion so that it is possible to foresee in advance what is better to show the children how to arrange them, where it is better to sit for a rest. In advance, you need to prepare the appropriate equipment (jars, buckets, water nets, etc.).
Preparing for the excursion, the educator must foresee its entire course: the beginning, techniques that contribute to the activation of children, the end of the excursion.
An excursion into nature will be successful if the teacher not only tells something new, but also relies on the experience of children, forcing them to think, find an answer, take a closer look with questions, that is, creates problem situations.
It is recommended to conduct repeated walks and excursions to the same place, since this largely contributes to the development of observation and curiosity in children. It is important at the same time to focus the attention of children on the changes that have occurred in nature.
After each walk, hike, children should be examined for the presence of a tick; teach children to look at each other.
Walking games. In summer, the game takes a big place in the life of children. Proximity to nature, sun, warmth, exposure to air - all this creates a positive emotional mood and enhances the craving for the game. New vivid impressions enrich the content of children's games. The abundance of diverse natural material - sand, water, cones, branches, acorns, pebbles, etc. - contributes to the development of a creative concept in the game, the implementation of the planned plot. The theme of games in the summer is much richer and more diverse. It is especially important to use the game in the summer to create a good mood in children, a sense of satisfaction, cheerfulness, because this is the key to health, good rest and the full development of the child.
An important prerequisite for the organization of gaming activities is the creation of an environment. Conditions for all types of games are created at the group sites.
When placing various structures and devices for games on the site, it is necessary to leave a spacious area for the free activity of children, outdoor games and games with motor toys.
Children enjoy playing with role-playing games in cozy gazebos, under awnings, in houses. It is good to have simple structures in group areas - an airplane, a rocket, a bus, etc.
Special equipment and space require playing with water and sand - a sandbox with a canopy and a lid, water containers, toys for playing with sand. Sand requires systematic care: it must be dug up, watered, and cleaned of debris daily.
Children love to play "theater". To do this, it is good to have a screen with beautiful bright curtains and a place where you can place a screen and a table for toy decorations and characters.
In summer, it is especially important to keep toys and materials clean - they must be washed daily.
When organizing play activities for children during the day, the weather should be taken into account. In hot weather, children should play calmer games. They need to be carried out in shaded areas of the site or in the forest. At this time, water games are good, letting soap bubbles, board games. On cloudy days there should be more outdoor sports.
It is important to arouse children's interest in all types of games, as a variety of games and their reasonable combination contribute to versatile development.
Remember what great value has a purposeful activity for the formation of the personality of the child, the teacher finds many things to which kids can be involved. Every child should have certain responsibilities. This is, first of all, duty, in which all children take part. In the summer, in addition to duty in the dining room, in the corner of nature, other duties are introduced: in the garden, in the area, etc.
Work in nature brings great joy to children. Kids plant onions, sow beans, beans, peas, corn, sunflowers in the garden, flowers in the flower bed, water the beds. With no less interest, they tear grass for the animals of a corner of nature, collect cones for games and crafts, and cut onions in the garden.
Entertainment.
In the summer, entertainment helps the teacher to solve serious educational problems in an accessible and interesting way. Joyful emotions raise vitality, create a cheerful mood, have a positive effect on strengthening nervous system child. Entertainment can also be done in a group. A plan is drawn up for musical and sports entertainment, in which adults and children participate.
Working with parents:
Individual conversations, consultations at the request of parents;
Participation in the organization of subbotniks for the improvement of the territory of the kindergarten;
Participation in children's holidays;
Assistance in conducting excursions, trips;
Participation in the manufacture of various panels, the collection of various collections;
Assistance in organizing exhibitions.