Plasticineography for elementary school Winter landscape based on the works of Yu.Yu. clover

Master class Winter landscape from plasticine for younger students in stages

Author: Natalya Aleksandrovna Ermakova, Lecturer, Municipal Budgetary educational institution additional education children "Children's art school named after A. A. Bolshakov, city of Velikie Luki, Pskov region.
Description: work can be done with children from 6 years. The material can be useful to teachers of additional education, teachers, educators preschool institutions, teachers.
Purpose: the work will serve as an excellent interior design and children's art exhibitions.
Target: creation of a winter landscape in the technique of plasticine painting.
Tasks:
- introduce the work of the Russian landscape painter Yuli Yulievich Klever;
- teach children how to create picturesque panels from plasticine in the technique of plasticine painting;
-develop artistic perception winter landscape, the ability to see its mood depending on the content, the colors and shades used in the artist's work;
- to improve the skills of working with plasticine;
- to educate children in a sense of beauty, respect for nature through the works of artists.
Plasticine painting is an art at the intersection of two classical visual genres: “flat” painting and three-dimensional image, that is, sculpture. Plasticine is the most fertile material for the artist. If you know and use the secrets of plasticine, you can create not just crafts, but real paintings from plasticine - from thin canvases, almost indistinguishable from painting, to convex bas-reliefs.

Hello dear guests. There is no person in Russia, and even beyond its borders, who would not know the works of Shishkin, Repin, Levitan. Clover - less known. But to have his paintings in pre-revolutionary Russia was considered good form, reproductions of his landscapes multiplied, he was a favorite of the royal family and all of Russia. Julius Yulievich Klever (1850-1924) - Russian artist. Received recognition as a landscape painter of the salon-academic type. Academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts (1878). Class painter of the first degree (1876). Professor (1881).

After the revolution, the master was undeservedly forgotten; his work was not particularly in demand. His paintings are apolitical, he was generally reproached for some stereotyped, standardity .. But - these are landscapes, after all. What we want? But there is something in them that personally warms my soul and causes admiration. You can paint a landscape from nature, but not affect absolutely anything. Julius Yulievich Klever developed his own special and unique style of writing. The originality of Clover's style lies in the use of unexpected lighting effects.
The author spent a lot of time and effort studying the range of sunsets and evening lighting of objects and the sky. According to the author, he could paint such pictures under any circumstances and in any environment.
The master's works were highly appreciated by his contemporaries - contemplation of the muffled beauty of the Baltic states gives tenderness and quiet joy. His works were bought by numerous magazines and newspapers, and circulations of postcards were issued for collectors.
By 1880, the popularity of the author's handwriting among art lovers reached such a level that, unable to cope with orders, he began to involve his students in the work, opening numerous "clover workshops".
"Winter landscape." Clover Yu.Yu

Famous Russian artist, academician of painting Yu.Yu. Clover was born on January 19 (31), 1850 in Dorpat (now the city of Tartu in Estonia). His parents had nothing to do with art, his father, a German by birth, who bore the surname von Klever, was a master of chemistry. great artistic talent. They took their son's passion for drawing seriously, and at the family council they decided to send Julius to study experienced artist. It turned out to be a professional teacher and painter Karl Kugelchen, a German by nationality.
For a whole year, after finishing daily classes at the gymnasium, the young man went to the lesson of his drawing teacher. In 1867, the young artist completed his first painting - a copy of the painting by the then famous German landscape painter Oswald Achenbach. Teacher Karl Kugelchen was pleased with this work of his student. When the gymnasium course was over, the young man faced the question of where and how to continue his education. Julius told his parents that he sees himself in the future only as a painter. After that, he continued to study at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, first in the architectural class, at the insistence of his parents, and then in the landscape class with S.M. Vorobiev and M.K. Klodt.
"The last rays of the sun." Klever Yu.Yu

Professor S.M. Vorobyov was a cold person by nature, he taught his subject boringly, and M.K. Klodt condemned the young man's desire to get acquainted with foreign landscape painting. Yu.Yu. Clover wanted to paint other pictures, but his teachers did not appreciate the bold ideas young artist. It was then that Julius was deeply disappointed in academic studies: they became boring to him, and theoretical courses seemed unnecessary. And although the energetic, talented Clover received small and large silver medals for sketches from nature, he again made a decision that plunged his family into despair. "I'm coming out of the academy's students," Julius wrote to Derpt. "I set a goal - to develop my talent without the help of mentors, only working from nature." Clover began to look for ways into the world of painting alone. He set himself the goal not to graduate from the Academy, but to adequately present his own paintings in the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of Arts. Yu.Yu. Clover knew that artists, supported by this society, were given the opportunity to create freely and eventually became famous.
Something happened that Julius's parents were afraid of, which his father warned against: in 1870, Clover was expelled from the Academy. But this circumstance did not bother the young man. He knew that he would become a painter without the routine of state education. Already in 1871, his painting "Abandoned Cemetery in Winter" was approved by connoisseurs, and Count Pavel Sergeevich Stroganov, an influential member of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, wished to purchase it.
"Abandoned cemetery in winter." Klever Yu.Yu

The artist received recognition from the audience quite early. In 1872, Clover exhibited several paintings, among them "Before a thunderstorm", "Sunset", "Winter view in the vicinity of Tsarskoye Selo".
"Before the storm." Klever Yu.Yu.

And again he succeeded - the painting "Sunset" was acquired by Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna (1819-1876), president of the Academy of Arts.
"Sunset." Klever Yu.Yu.

In 1874, 24-year-old Yu.Yu. Clover surprised the entire artistic Petersburg in a completely unexpected way: he organized a personal exhibition, which was held at the stands of the St. Petersburg Society for the Encouragement of Arts. It was an unusual undertaking that only a few dared to do. famous painters, such as I.K. Aivazovsky and V.V. Vereshchagin. Exhibition Yu.Yu. Clover was extremely successful. After that, success followed success. In 1875, the artist received the award of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts for the painting "The neglected park". In 1876, his painting "First Snow on a Plowed Field" won the prize.
"A neglected park." Klever Yu.Yu.

And already in the same 1876, Clover showed forty works at his second solo exhibition - ten paintings and thirty studies. Everyone was delighted with the efficiency, perseverance and talent of the painter Clover. He was talked about in salons, private art galleries. The painting "Birch Forest" was purchased by Alexander II. This was another step up for the artist - the purchase of the painting by the king instantly decided his fate. Yu.Yu. Clover, who did not even finish the academic course, was immediately awarded the title cool artist first degree. The Academy gave this title to its most exemplary pupils.
"Birch grove." Klever Yu.Yu

In 1878 Julius Klever became an academician. Subsequently, the artist repeatedly copied his work "The Old Park in Marienburg", for which he was awarded this title. This painting was later sent to International exhibition in Paris. This picture was so fond of the audience that Clover considered it special, happy, and repeated it several times under the name "Park in Marienburg".
"Old park." Klever Yu.Yu

In search of new subjects Yu.Yu. Clover in 1879 with his friend V.V. Samoilov left for the island of Nargen (in the Gulf of Finland), the views of which were unknown to the Russian art public. They spent the whole summer on Nargen. Samoilov drew in his album, and Clover made sketches one after another. The artist literally bathed in the rays of his own glory, almost all of his paintings brought him fame and success.
According to art historians, 30 years of age has become a milestone for the artist. The peak of the rise and the beginning of the fall turned out to be 1880, when Yuli Yulievich received the title and chair of a professor at the Academy of Arts for the painting "Forest Wilderness". The Academy provided him with an apartment and a workshop in its building - the same apartment and workshop that had previously been occupied for 60 years by famous painting teachers - M.N. and S.M. Vorobyovs. By that time, the artist was no longer alone; Julius Klever moved into his apartment with his young wife.
"Forest thicket." Klever Yu.Yu

In St. Petersburg, professionals, amateurs and connoisseurs were waiting for the artist. The new works of Yuli Yulievich made a stunning impression: people went to see his paintings, discussed them, and bought them. On the island of Nargen, the artist painted several iconic works for his work. Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov bought the work "Forest on Nargen Island" ("Virgin Forest") for the gallery. Spectators constantly crowded around the painting "Estonian Fisherman's House": it stood out among other exhibits in the Society for Exhibitions of Art Works.
"Village on Nargen Island." Clover Yu.Yu

The painting "Nargen Island" was bought by Grand Duke Alexander Alexandrovich. He liked her, because the Grand Duke was connected with the Baltic as a sailor. The painting "Forest in Winter" was purchased for his collection by Emperor Alexander III.
"Winter. Pine forest." Klever Yu. Yu

After returning to St. Petersburg, Julius Klever arranged an exhibition in Moscow, made creative trips to the Baltic states, Finland, Belarus, Smolensk province. However, despite the change of outlook, Clover remained true to himself. The artist retained his "signature clover" style, for which his works were bought, collected, published on the pages of newspapers and magazines, on art postcards. And, of course, for the sake of which his works were forged.
AT last years Clover lived in Leningrad, taught at art school continued to write until his death. His children - daughter Maria, sons Julius and Oscar - inherited their father's talent, but they failed to surpass their father's skill.
"Winter landscape with huts by the river." Klever Yu.Yu

Public recognition, awards and titles made Clover a wealthy man. The artist did not limit himself in anything, and if the money ran out, he replenished his wallet by selling his works. When, during this period of creativity, Clover took up the brush, then, as his contemporaries and friends said, he wrote quickly and bitingly. At this pace, Clover could paint a picture a day. At the same time, he did not know the account of money: there is a case when the artist chartered a steamer in order to meet the dawn on the high seas together with the artists of the Alexandrinsky Theater. This idea ruined the artist, which, however, did not affect his attitude to life.

Julius Klever is one of the few artists whose work has been equally in demand for a long time. This fact, despite the criticism of the artist himself, testifies to the correctness of his once chosen creative path.
"Winter landscape with a forest river." Klever Yu.Yu

In recent years, Clover rarely had paintings entirely written by him: a group of less talented artists usually worked (Rozen, Obolensky, etc.). They prepared the picture, but Clover corrected and signed ... Genuine Clover is a rarity. According to art historians, this evidence explains the abundance of "clovers" not only in antique shops and galleries, but also in many private collections and provincial museums.
"In the park of the Gatchina Palace." Klever Yu.Yu

Painting Yu.Yu. Clover was very popular both during his lifetime and afterwards. He has always been considered a master in demand by the art market and the public. He left a great artistic legacy, and his works are in the largest galleries and museums in Russia - in Tretyakov Gallery there are five of them (two were purchased personally by Pavel Tretyakov), nine in the Russian Museum. Nevertheless, the very name of the artist Yuli Yulievich Klever in the USSR was tried not to be remembered for several decades. Since before the revolution, Clover was considered a salon artist, a favorite painter of the imperial family, he himself and his work were recognized as unnecessary and harmful to the "builders of communist society." And yet, Yu.Yu. Clover was not completely forgotten: his paintings are still very popular among collectors, excite millions of art lovers.
"Winter landscape with pine trees." Klever Yu.Yu

Clover did not strive for the accuracy of the image and freely sacrificed it for the sake of the expressiveness of the picture as a whole. He willingly painted autumn and winter with their severe and sharp decorative effects, appreciated the expressiveness of the underlined spot, silhouette, contour: they often played a big role in his paintings. Clover's contemporaries, his admirers, argued that the artist writes in a new, bold, original way, and his works make him love the north of the fatherland more strongly.
"Winter sunset." Klever Yu.Yu

A special place was occupied by the topic winter nature in the work of Yuli Yulievich, he often turned to the winter landscape, finding beauty and unique charm in it. He conveyed his special feelings through colors, light and shadow. His paintings carry an extraordinary charm, fabulousness and mystery, his snow-white winter plays with a rainbow of colors and delights. In different ways, winter sings its songs: now sonorous, now joyful, now frosty, now dreary, sad, sad.
"Winter landscape with a hut." Klever Yu.Yu.

Materials and tools;
- black cartridge
-plasticine
-stack
- modeling board
-frame

Master class progress:

Let's start with the background of the painting. We will represent the sky with blue plasticine. We collect a little plasticine with the tip of the stack, then we smear the plasticine on cardboard, draw with a stack.

Plasticine is applied in a very thin layer, as when working with gouache. We apply the blue color in places, leaving gaps in the black background. Plasticine is applied to cardboard, and then smeared with a stack. We perform the background on about a third of the sheet.

Now we take more dark shade blue plasticine. With this color we draw between light blue and black, and lower the background of the sky in this color to the middle of the sheet.

We take blue plasticine, and with this color we also add plasticine strokes among the previously applied ones.

And finish the background of the sky purple. Create two semicircular hills at the bottom of the picture.

Then we need White color, we will draw snow-white snowdrifts. We also collect small pieces of white plasticine on the stack and smear them in the hillock area.

Then we will work with fingers. We pinch off small pieces of white plasticine, warm them up, knead them with our fingers. Plasticine in small portions heats up very quickly and then lends itself perfectly to smearing. With white plasticine, we will highlight more specifically the silhouettes of the snow-covered land.
After we need the lightest shade of blue for the Christmas tree. We tear off small pieces of plasticine and form a Christmas tree silhouette from them.

Lightly smear pieces of blue plasticine on cardboard and connect them together. We place the moon on the sky, flatten the white ball on the surface of the work.

Now we are working with the stack again. With white plasticine we draw highlights, snow on the branches of a spruce, and a glow around the moon.

Now add snowdrifts. The translucent black color of the cardboard will play the role of light and shadow. And we will make an additional shadow from the tree with the help of a stack, remove excess plasticine from work.

Well, the work is ready, if you wish, you can put it in a frame.

The second option is a little more complicated, but the principle of operation is the same. First, we take the white color, collect some plasticine on the stack and outline the contours of the future landscape of the river.

Plasticine painting Plasticine painting MBOU DOD "Urengoy Children's Art School" Additional material for a lesson in arts and crafts Author: Shevtsova Albina Vitalievna, teacher, first qualification category, town. Urengoy, Purovsky district, YNAO 2013

Plasticine Plasticine is a material for modeling. It is made from purified and crushed clay powder with the addition of wax, animal fat and other substances that prevent drying. Painted in various colors. Serves for making figures of sketches for sculptural works, small models, works of small forms.

Tools for modeling children's colored plasticine; plastic board; plexiglass, plywood, cardboard or oilcloth; self-adhesive colored film to create the basis for the picture; a glass of water, a cotton napkin for hands; a set of stacks of various shapes; to give the surface a certain structure, we use various gear wheels, polyhedrons, tubes and other devices.

What do you know about plasticine painting? “I sculpt from plasticine, plasticine is softer than clay,” a well-known song from a Soviet movie sings. When we hear about plasticine, vivid pictures from childhood appear in our memory. Why does our memory turn specifically to childhood? It is in childhood that for the first time we all learn about the existence of plasticine. But it turns out that this material can serve as irreplaceable artistic medium to work in the pictorial genre. Yes, you can draw pictures with plasticine. This is one of the youngest types of painting, which artists began to use quite recently.

Plasticine drawing is an increasingly common type of painting; this way of depicting promotes creative development and a variety of artistic expressive methods. Every new creative undertaking for a person, this is not just a skill, skills, experience: it is also a way of developing mental activity.

Plasticine painting gives a huge scope for the artist's imagination from the type of application of plasticine strokes and their texture to the choice of color, which visually looks unusually fresh, juicy and rich. The surface of plasticine smears may look different. The texture itself can resemble silk, glass or ceramics. You can make the surface of the picture a little rough. For this, they are used various ways applying relief dots, strokes, stripes, convolutions or some curly lines to the surface of the plasticine image. You can work not only with your fingers, but also with stacks. These are special tools.

There are no restrictions for drawing with plasticine. It all depends on the courage of creative thought, the brightness of ideas and artistic imagination. With the help of plasticine, as well as among watercolors, oil paintings and gouache compositions, unusual landscapes, appetizing still lifes and recognizable portraits flare up. These plasticine "works" are imbued with the warmth of the hands of the artists who created them, and maybe that's why they radiate some kind of special energy, similar to a small fairy tale. And this fairy tale is revealed only to those who know how to let it into their everyday world, not allowing it to become stale. I wish everyone to always find a place for a creative holiday in their lives, good luck and new beautiful ideas! 18

13.07.12 AxLav

When a person hears about plasticine, his memory immediately pops up bright moments comes from childhood.

After all, it was there and then that we first learned about the existence of this material, and began to know ourselves in modeling with plasticine, carelessly losing its lumps on furniture, carpets, beds.

True, at that time, few of us knew that plasticine can also be an indispensable tool in the pictorial genre. Now, for sure, many people know about the existence of plasticine painting, which is widely used by contemporary artists.

Correctly mixing plasticine

The palette of mixing plasticine pieces is similar to mixing oil paints, though the plasticine is mixed by hand. It is not recommended to mix more than 2-3 colors, this can negatively affect the brightness of the shade, or even get a “clogged” color.

By mixing plasticines of different colors, you can, like on a palette, get complex shades of certain colors.

Children's experiments can serve as an edification: if colored plasticine is diluted with black, you can get a rich and darker tone of the originally used shade. If you combine some color with white, then the result will be a pastel tone.

Plasticine painting technique

It should immediately be noted that each artist has his own techniques, his own style, which gives us his recognition among others. And now we will dwell in more detail on some techniques and techniques.

To begin with, let's remind ourselves of the creations of impressionist artists, who use a very unusual overlay of strokes. Juicy large strokes often convey volume and shape, large and colorful - sometimes it is required to establish the illusion of shimmer and mobility.

Plasticine can be depicted using the same technique, applying it to primed cardboard. A feature of this technique for painting is a certain relief of strokes.

Another method is more similar to a decorative technique, and as a result it resembles something between drawing and appliqué. To use this method, it is necessary to completely or partially sculpt the details of the desired image, after transferring them to the background.

- this is a great freedom for the manifestation of fantasy. Strokes of plasticine can look completely different outwardly, and here everything is subject to the master's idea. The texture may resemble glass or the most delicate silk; it can be rough, covered with convolutions, curly lines, stripes. It is not necessary to work with plasticine with your fingers, you can use auxiliary tools - stacks, syringes with and without needles.

What to draw?

There are no restrictions! And that's all already said. Connect thoughts and feelings to your work, find bright notes in your fantasies and ideas.

As in the case of watercolor, gouache, oil, thanks to plasticine, you can create mouth-watering still lifes, amazing landscapes, naturalistic portraits.

Art from plasticine is certainly saturated with the warmth of the masterful hands that create them, and, for sure, that is why they share with the viewer a special energy that reminds us of the old, good fairy tale. And here the main thing is to be able to let her into your world ...

Target: teach the techniques of working in the technique of plasticine painting.

• development of skills and abilities in working with plasticine and stacks;
• development of a sense of color, proportion, rhythm;
• development of spatial thinking and creativity;
• aesthetic education by means of fine and decorative arts;
• education in children of artistic taste;
• development of motor skills of children's fingers.

Materials and equipment for students:

• colored plasticine;
• matte and glossy colored cardboard,
• a set of stacks, toothpicks;
• board for modeling A4 format;
• cloth for wiping hands and stacks;
• oilcloth for the desktop.

Visual range: samples of the work of the teacher and students in the technique of plasticine painting.

Types of plasticine:

The following types of plasticine are produced; paraffin, wax, fluorescent. When working with plasticine, it is necessary to take into account its properties: softness, plasticity, stickiness, the ability to soften under the influence of heat, fragility, the ability to maintain the attached shape, water resistance.

Plasticine drawing is an increasingly common type of painting, but this method of depiction contributes to creative development and a variety of artistic expressive methods. Each new creative undertaking for a person is not just a skill, skills, experience: it is also a way of developing mental activity, according to the “hand-brain” relationship.

The factors for the development of an artist are constant practice, improvement of skills, a bold experiment, search and creativity in the process of activity. The combination of these qualities, in the manufacture of plasticine products, can contribute to the creation of new, unique works of art.

What is interesting. First, its novelty. On the other hand, such material allows finding new solutions in the image. And most importantly: this material allows you to transfer a part of yourself to the canvas of your works, to transfer part of your heat.

Its basis is a combination of hard surfaces and plasticine, the creation of an image by applying plasticine to the surface using a special technique, the use of auxiliary materials uncharacteristic for painting. What are the techniques and methods of drawing with plasticine?

Some techniques and techniques for drawing with plasticine

1 way

.

Plasticine painting gives a huge scope for the artist's imagination from the type of application of plasticine strokes and their texture to the choice of color, which visually looks unusually fresh, juicy and rich. The surface of plasticine smears may look different. The texture itself can resemble silk, glass or ceramics, if you try to make it smooth and shiny. To do this, before smoothing the plasticine surface with your fingers, lightly moisten your fingers in water. But only slightly so that the cardboard base does not get wet in any way.

You can make the surface of the picture a little rough. To do this, various methods are used to apply relief dots, strokes, stripes, convolutions, or some curly lines to the surface of the plasticine image.
You can work not only with your fingers, but also with stacks. These are special tools.

2 way

.

Work on glass. Prepare the glass: remove the cardboard and wipe it with a napkin so that there are no fingerprints. Otherwise, mascara will not go well in these places. Putting the sketch under the glass, carefully translate the drawing as accurately as possible. It must be borne in mind that in this case it will turn out in a mirror image. Carcasses need to dry a little. During this pause, you can start preparing the material: choose the color of the plasticine and mix its shades for the picture. We lay out the resulting pieces and analyze how well they combine with each other and shade each other. The process of filling the surface is very painstaking and if one large piece fills at once a large part of the picture, the work loses its unusual appearance and beauty. Therefore, it is desirable to apply plasticine in very small pea-sized pieces, with each subsequent one with a slightly changed shade. Then gradually knead them with your finger over the surface. Keep in mind that when rubbing plasticine, sometimes unusual stains are obtained, which only add beauty even more and sometimes emphasize the shape. Follow the outline of the drawing and do not go beyond it. It also happens that an unsuccessfully selected color was applied, it is easy to remove it with a stack and apply a new one. The practice of performing such work has shown that it is better to start filling the glass surface with the main elements, and then the background. We draw up the work done - we fix it with reverse side cardboard with clips and carefully clean the surface with a dry cloth. Work is ready!

3 way

.

A thin layer of plasticine is applied to the cardboard, leveled with a stack or knife, and the drawing is scratched with a toothpick, needle, stack, as in the scratching technique.

4 way

.

You can draw with plasticine in other ways; "peas" and "flagella". Peas roll from plasticine and are laid out in a pattern on a primed or clean cardboard surface, filling the entire pattern. The “flagellum” technique is somewhat more complicated in that you need to roll up the flagella of the same thickness and lay them out on the drawing. You can double the flagella and twist, then you get a beautiful pigtail, the basis of the outline of the picture.

5

way.

A drawing is applied to the cardboard, the flagella are rolled thicker, smeared with a finger to the middle, then the center of the drawing element is filled. You can use mixed plasticine for a larger range of colors. The work can be made in relief by applying plasticine veins to the leaves or with strokes, as in oil painting.

Conclusion:

Work in the technique of plasticine painting is very interesting. It develops motor skills of fingers, accuracy of movements, fantasy, abstract thinking, attention, artistic skills work with plastic materials.

Try a few exercises and you'll love this new technique.

Children enjoy working in the technique of plasticine painting.

Karagandy kalasynyn bіlіm bolіmі

№121 "Ainalayyn" bөbek-baқshasy ҚМҚК

Department of education of the city of Karaganda

KGKP No. 121 I \\ with "Ainalaiyn"

Completed by a teacher of the II category

Davydova E.N.

Consultation for teachers

Topic: "Plasticine painting"

G.Karaganda

2015

Plasticine painting

Introduction

The history of the creation of plasticine

Types of plasticine

Types of plasticine painting

Literature

At present, teachers, specialists in the field early development, insist that the development of intellectual and thought processes must begin with the development of hand movements, and in particular with the development of movements in the fingers. This is due to the fact that the development of the hand belongs to important role in the formation of the brain, its cognitive abilities, the formation of speech. This means that in order for a child and his brain to develop, it is necessary to train his hands. This is what in the future will give him the opportunity to easily learn new things, whether foreign language, writing or mathematics. The development of fine motor skills is also important because all future life the child will require the use of precise, coordinated hand and finger movements, which are necessary to dress, draw and write, as well as perform a wide variety of household tasks.and learning activities.

The problem of developing fine motor skills, manual skill is largely solved in the classroom for visual activity, since it is visual activity that contributes to the development of sensorimotor skills - consistency in the work of the eye and hand, improvement of coordination of movements, flexibility, strength, accuracy in performing actions, correction of fine motor skills of fingers hands Children master the skills and abilities of working with tools (in drawing - a pencil and a brush, in an application - scissors and a brush, in modeling - a stack). In these classes, children develop the ability to control the tool (of course, if the child is taught to hold the tools correctly and work with them).

Plasticine painting is one of the areas of visual activity. The name speaks for itself - this is the creation of paintings using plasticine.

Plasticine has been known to the world since the 19th century, when Franz Kolba and William Harbut received patents in Germany (for the modeling mass "Plastilin" in 1880) and in Great Britain (for the non-drying clay "Plasticine" in 1899)

William Harbut was an art school teacher. In 1897, he developed a material that would not dry out when sculptures were made by students. Plasticine was originally used for educational purposes.

In 1900, Harburt opened his own factory, where the industrial production of plasticine began, while gray in color. Later it was produced in four colors. The factory worked until the fire in 1968, after which production was moved to Thailand.

Clay Franz Kolb can still be found on the shelves as "Munich art clay".

But the true hero, the real inventor of plasticine, is Joe McVicker, a pharmacist from Cincinnati. He, in fact, was not going to invent anything, but released a simple window putty, a means for cleaning stains from wallpaper. Fortunately for McVicker, his sister, who worked for kindergarten, began to use it for modeling, instead of clay.

Later, the Board of Education in Cincinnati ordered all educational establishments use a "non-toxic wallpaper cleaner" in class. And in 1955, large department stores drew attention to McVicker's invention. The light mass was more plastic, did not dry out, and soon the progenitor of modern plasticine was swept clean from the shelves. McVicker became a millionaire at the age of 27, and we got the opportunity to create in color.

Plasticine - from the Greek word, in translation - stucco. Previously, plasticine was made from clay powder and substances that prevent it from drying out: wax, animal fat, ozocerite (a mineral similar to beeswax), and petroleum jelly.Currently, high molecular weight polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, rubbers and other high-tech materials are also used in the production of plasticine. Painted in various colors. Serves for making figures of sketches for sculptural works, small , works of small forms.

Currently, several types of plasticine are produced. In addition to the sculptural clay that sculptors use in their work, the consumer is offered many types of ornamental clay.

Ball plasticine. A distinctive feature of this plasticine is that it consists of small soft balls of foam rubber, which are connected by thin adhesive threads. Coarse-grained ball plasticine is produced on a glycerin basis. It is completely safe for health. It is very easy to sculpt from such material. The balls intensively massage the fingers, the colors are very easy to mix. Ball plasticine is an excellent tool for developing motor skills.

Bouncing plasticine. This material is distinguished by the greatest softness and plasticity. The most interesting thing about this plasticine is that, when it cools down, it becomes like rubber and easily springs and bounces off any surfaces. You can then play with crafts from such plasticine, like with a ball or a "jumper".

- "Gum for hands" ( from English. hand gum ) - this plasticine can be called the most high-tech and modern material, it is able to take any shape. It has a number of properties at the same time: it can stretch, tear, be solid and liquid, it can change color, be magnetized and glow. It is not oily, so it does not stain clothes or hands. It can be washed. It is non-toxic and hypoallergenic.

"Classic plasticine" - Designed for modeling and modeling in children's creativity. Plasticine does not stick to hands, has bright, rich colors that can be easily mixed with each other. Packed in a cardboard box. Stack included. Shelf-life Unlimited.

"Wax plasticine" - does not smell, pleasant to the touch, very plastic, inexpensive, recommended by teachers, a wide variety of colors, soft, does not stick to hands, safe for children. Disadvantage when stored in an open box dries out

"Floating plasticine" - Floating plasticine from is a unique quality. All colors can be easily mixed with each other. Easily softens in the hands, but does not stick to them. It is easily washed off with water and does not sink in water. Complies with European standards and is absolutely safe for children, does not contain harmful impurities and dyes.

"Fluorescent plasticine wax" - used for sculpting figurines and small decorative items. Very soft, bright, plastic, does not stick and does not stain hands, has unique properties - it glows in the dark. 8 colors. Modeling stack included. Package - cardboard box. Shelf-life Unlimited.

"Sculptural clay" - used for more serious tasks in sculpting. It holds its shape better, allows you to work out rather small details of the sculpture. Plasticine is distinguished by special elasticity. This property allows you to use it for sculptural miniatures and model work. Does not leave stains and does not stick to hands and special materials used in the work. The shelf life of plasticine is not limited: it retains its properties for a long time, so it can be used for many years. For the manufacture of sculptural plasticine, a waxy mass is used with the addition of mineral pigments and fillers.

"Edible plasticine" - This is an unusual plasticine, it is created on the basis of edible products, it is absolutely safe for babies and does not stick to hands!Plasticine is made on the basis of natural edible products, so even if a child swallows it, nothing bad will happen. Ingredients: flour, water and other food ingredients. Plasticine hardens in the air, which allows you to make your favorite figures, and if the toy is tired, you can put it in a jar, fill it with water and you will get ordinary plasticine again.

Advantages of plasticine for children's creativity -

Plastic. Thanks to the plasticity of plasticine, you can fashion crafts of any complexity, from a primitive sausage to a complex multi-figure composition.

Possibility of correction. The part that didn't work out can simply be molded again, and there is no need to correct the rest of the product. This is very important for children's creativity, when the child's psyche, which has not yet grown stronger, sometimes cannot withstand long-term painstaking work.

Safety . Due to its texture, plasticine is one of the safest materials for creativity. No scissors are needed for sculpting, with which you can cut yourself. Working with him, it is impossible to get dirty, get a splinter, hit or burn yourself.

The development of fine motor skills. Plasticine develops fine motor skills hands The development of the child's hands and the development of speech are closely interrelated. Fine motor skills of hands and correct, accurate articulation of sounds are dependent on each other. So the higher physical activity the better the speech is developed.

Development of personal qualities. Working with plasticine teaches children to be attentive and accurate, promotes the development of imagination, develops spatial thinking, develops perseverance and painstakingness, and in general, this list can be continued for a long time.

For plasticine painting, it is best to use sculptural clay, classic, wax. Plasticine painting - drawing plasticine paintings. It is performed in the technique of bas-relief, high relief, plasticineography.

Bas-relief variety convex relief, in which the image protrudes above the background plane by no more than half the volume.

If more - the relief is called (high relief). A common type of decoration architectural structures and decorative products of all times, known from the era : the first bas-reliefs, high reliefs - deeply carved or hewn . Bas-reliefs are also often placed on monuments, on , , , .

For working with children on plasticine painting, the technique of plasticineography is best suited.

Plasticineography- a picture made on a solid surface with plasticine. Plasticineography - two semantic roots of "graphics" - drawing, "plasticine" - the material with which they work.

This type of activity involves the image of semi-volumetric objects, using non-traditional techniques and materials. For example, decorating the surface with beads, plant seeds, natural material. In some cases, the technique of plasticineography combines the types of creative activity, which leads to the creation of original works. For example, a landscape is graphically depicted on a flat surface, and the details foreground depicted in plasticine.

Main material- plasticine, and the main tool in plasticineography is the hand, or rather, both hands, therefore, the level of skill depends on the possession of one's own hands. This technique is good because it is available to younger children. preschool age, allows you to quickly achieve the desired result and introduces a certain novelty into the creativity of children, makes it more exciting and interesting, which is very important for working with preschoolers.

Plasticine classes are a great opportunity for development and learning.

Classes with plasticine painting contribute to the development of such mental processes as: attention, memory, thinking, as well as the development of creative abilities. Plasticineography contributes to the development of perception, spatial orientation, sensorimotor coordination of children, that is, those school-significant functions that are necessary for successful learning at school. Children learn to plan their work and bring it to the end.

Being engaged in plasticineography, the child develops the skill of the hands, the strength of the hands is strengthened, the movements of both hands become more coordinated, and the movements of the fingers are differentiated, the child prepares the hand for mastering such a complex skill as writing.All this is facilitated by a good muscle load of the fingers.

One of the undoubted advantages of plasticine painting classes with preschool children is the integration of educational areas. The topics of the classes are closely intertwined with the lives of children, with the activities that they carry out in other classes (to familiarize themselves with the outside world and nature, develop speech, fiction, mathematics, etc.).

Cognitive activity is being implemented. All selected material for classes with children has a practical orientation, relies as much as possible on what they have life experience, helps to highlight the essence of the features of the studied objects and phenomena, activates the images and ideas stored in long-term memory. They allow you to clarify the knowledge already acquired by him, expand them, apply the first options for generalization, enrich your vocabulary. In the process of playing out the plot and performing practical actions with plasticine, there is a continuous conversation with the children. The game organization of children's activities stimulates their speech activity, causes speech imitation, the formation and activation of the dictionary, and the child's understanding of the speech of others.

Target : The development of manual skill in preschool children through plasticineography.

Tasks:

- Educational:

- To teach to convey the simplest image of objects, phenomena of the surrounding world through plasticine.

Learn the basic techniques of plasticineography (pressure, smearing, pinching, indentation).

Learn to work in a given space.

To teach to accept the task, to listen and hear the speech of the educator, to act according to the model, and then according to verbal instructions.

To learn to examine various objects (objects) with the help of visual, tactile sensation to enrich and clarify the perception of their shape, proportion, color.

Educational:

To develop the skills of accurate work with plasticine.

To cultivate responsiveness, kindness, the ability to sympathize with the characters, the desire to help them.

To cultivate the desire to participate in the creation of individual and collective works.

Developing:

Develop fine motor skills, coordination of hand movements, eye.

Develop visual activity children.

Develop a plot-game plan.

Develop interest in the process and results of the work.

Develop an interest in teamwork.

The work on the formation of skills in plasticine painting is carried out in several stages, at each of which certain tasks are set for the child.

1. Preparatory

Practice pressure.

Learn the pushing technique.

Master the technique of smearing plasticine with a fingertip.

Learn the correct position of the finger.

Master the technique of pinching off a small piece of plasticine and rolling the ball between two fingers.

Learn to work in tight spaces

2. Main

Learn not to go beyond the outline of the drawing

Learn to use your finger to smear plasticine all over the drawing, as if painting over it.

Use several colors of plasticine

For the expressiveness of the work, be able to use auxiliary objects (bones, feathers, etc.)

Learn how to use a special seal stack.

Learn to get things done

Learn to do your job carefully

Learn to perform collective compositions along with other children

Learn to restore the sequence of actions performed

Learn to act like a teacher

Learn to act according to the verbal instructions of the educator

3. Final

Solve creative problems independently.

Independently choose a drawing for work.

form personal attitude to the results of their activities

Classes are held once a week

Classes are best done in the evening, individually or collectively.

Work technique

The very technique of applying plasticine can be different. Each artist has his own individual techniques in this regard, his own tthe so-called style, or handwriting.

Plasticine can be applied with large juicy strokes, which conveyst desired shape and volume. And large colorful strokes create the illusion ofvisibility, flicker, the image is slightly embossed, which looks very attractive.

There isanother way to paint with plasticine. But it is more like a decorative technique, as it resembles a cross between appliqué and drawing. To draw in this way, you need to sculpt either partially or completely all the constituent details of the future image, applying them to the plasticine "canvas".Before starting work, the base - cardboard must be primed; in a kindergarten, the method of laminating with adhesive tape is best suited, because. on the smooth surface plasticine bases lay down very easily, children's fingers do not experience painful friction on the surface of cardboard or other bases.

Glass can be taken as the basis for the work, but for younger preschoolers, such a basis can be dangerous.

Before laminating the base, a drawing must be applied to the cardboard, an image that will be painted over with plasticine. Elder

preschoolers can do the work according to the plan without a preliminary drawing.

The work can be done with sculptural clay or color. If the work is done with plasticine of the same color (sculptural), then it is better to do the craft using the bas-relief technique. First, a drawing is applied to the base, then the background of the drawing is laid with plasticine, then the drawing itself is performed. The drawing should stand out with its relief above the background. The finished work can be left in one color, you can paint with paints. To do this, the picture must be covered with a degreasing mixture, toothpaste is very suitable (non-toxic, safe for children). After the applied layer of the mixture dries, the work can be painted with any paints you wish.

To make a picture with colored plasticine, you can use the following techniques: wet your fingers in water, then the craft becomes smooth, the effect of ceramics, by heating the plasticine in a plastic syringe (cream syringe), the plasticine becomes a semi-liquid state, squeezing softened plasticine with a syringe, you can get graceful lines, reliefs .

When performing crafts, you can use not only hands, but a variety of stacks.

After finishing work, be sure to wash your hands with soap and grease your hands with baby cream.

During work, it is imperative to monitor the lighting in the room, the posture of children, the duration of the lesson, and do moving physical minutes.

The duration of the lesson must be age appropriate.

Plasticine painting has a huge prostorus for the imagination of little artists,provides timely, comprehensivennee development of the personality of the child already with early age taking into account his individualand psychophysical characteristicsactively helps each child in mastering age-appropriate skills and knowledge, and teaches them to systematically and competently analyze the results obtained.

Literature:

I.A. Lykova "I sculpt from plasticine" The world of the book "Karapuz"

T.Davydova "Sculpt from plasticine and salt dough" Dragonfly press "2004

G.N.Davydova "Plasticineography 2"

O.Yu.Tikhomirova, G.A.Lebedeva

"Plasticine picture" "Mosaic-synthesis" 2011

E.V. Chernova " Plasticine paintings» «Phoenix» 2006

T.N. Yakovleva "Plasticine painting" "Sphere" 2010

"Sculpting lessons with the magician Plastilinkin"

computer program series "Developers"