Valentina Golubeva
Perspective plan for observations on a walk for live and inanimate nature spring in the younger group
Long-term observation plan for a walk / spring - younger group.
Leadership practices.
The sun shines bright and warm.
1. What shines so brightly and warms hotly? / offer to look at the sun.
However, you should be aware that antibacterial drugs are taken only as needed at the end of the disease. Very often, some doctors say that they prescribe an antibiotic prophylactically to prevent infection. It is time to understand that antibiotics do not have a preventive effect. You cannot cure something that is gone. Therefore, we often hear how some children drink 2-3 antibiotics for 20 days.
This happens when some moms or doctors give prophylactic antibiotics. Are antibiotics still written off for no reason? But if there is nothing to cure antibiotics, we just take medicines. And understand that treatment is not only about drugs. A sick child also needs other things - to stay at home, to rest, to make the mother pleasant, to make him a potty. Not to mention, there are women who take children to the park for a walk when they have a high temperature because they need to breathe fresh air.
2. Play technique "Reach out your hands to the sun and warm them up".
3. Offer to touch a bench, a coat sleeve, a nursery wall on the sunny side - why are they warm. What warmed them up?
4. Bring to walk Stuffed Toys- two identical bears, dogs, put one on the sunny side and the other in the shade. In the end walks take toys with you, find out which animals were warm to walk and why.
it the right way get completely sick. To begin to walk normally and live normally, it takes at least two days so that there is no temperature. In addition, parents should not disturb the child to eat. And how do we react if the child is dehydrated?
It is very important not to let the child become dehydrated. You can tell if a child is dehydrated by looking straight ahead. Then he needs to be hospitalized. How to protect against the flu? But now the rotavirus season is approaching both summer and winter peaks. They are predominantly characterized by diarrhea and usually affect children. younger age. Until recently it was believed that rotaviruses were mainly in the cold months, but it turned out that they were also summer.
"The sun looks out the window,
Shines into our room
We clapped our hands
We are very happy with the sun."
6. Invite the children to stand facing the sun and close their eyes. Read poem:
“The cloud hid behind the forest.
The sun is watching from heaven.
And so clean.
Good radiant.
7. Play with children in sunbeams/ take out on walk a small mirror and a bunny. To tell children: “It became warm outside and a bunny jumped to visit us, try to catch it.” Shine a sunbeam on a bench, read poem:
Having mentioned that there is a new virus, can we still protect ourselves in any way, how can we improve our immunity? You know that we infect viruses with others. Therefore, small children should not be in places where many people gather. And another thing is that parents do not send their child to a nursery or kindergarten. Thus, in just a few days, everyone gets sick.
Are your mothers refusing to vaccinate their children? We see children who have never been vaccinated. There are mothers who refuse to vaccinate their child in the maternity hospital. The bad thing is that many doctors support them. We hear about all homeopaths and others. Let them offer their products, but don't suppress such anti-Swift sentiment.
sun bunnies
Playing on the wall
Beckon them with your finger, let them run to you.
Here he is bright
Here, here, here-
Left, left
Catch him, hurry up."
8. Play a game "Sun and Rain"
9. Make a riddle:
"Well, which one of you will answer:
Not fire, but it burns painfully,
Not a lantern, but it shines brightly,
"Sunshine, sunshine
And in last years New diseases have appeared precisely because parents do not vaccinate their children? To eliminate the epidemic, it is necessary to accumulate a sufficient number of unvaccinated animals. For example, 6 years ago there was a measles epidemic. Does this mean it makes sense to vaccinate against the flu as the season approaches?
However, less than 2% are immunized in Bulgaria. If people think of themselves, want to work and don't rely solely on the healthcare system to take care of them, that's a good thing to do. You can see that there were no viruses all summer, and when the children went to school, people got sick.
Look out the window.
Children are waiting for you
The kids are waiting."
11. Collect snow in molds - put some on the sunny side, others in the shade. Why did the snow in the molds melt faster on the sunny side?
spring the snow becomes loose and black.
1. Consider with the children what color the snow has become.
2. Make a snowman with the children, put it on the sunny side. In the end walks see how the snowman has changed (became smaller). Why?
How can mothers improve their children's immunity? Today's children get sick not because they have a weak immune system or are poorly observed, but because these viruses are new to them. Therefore, it is important to be vaccinated. Compared to last year, was the incidence higher?
Last year was relatively quiet. But this is a coincidence. Viruses do not have a definite cycle. His research interests are in the field of modern rehydration therapy for acute gastrointestinal infections in infancy and early childhood.
3. Consider thawed patches. Ask why the ground appeared from under the snow? Why did the snow melt?
4. At the end of April, look for places where there is still snow. What colour? Why hasn't it melted yet?
5. Make a riddle:
"He is fluffy, silver,
But don't touch it with your hand.
Become a little clean
7. "Among our yard
The snowman stood yesterday.
Kids today don't spend enough time outdoors. American journalist Richard Luwe goes even further, arguing that today's children suffer from a "natural deficiency syndrome." But there is also good news A: It's never too late to make positive changes.
And no step is too small or insignificant. Here are just a few of the many simple, everyday, upbeat, pragmatic, creative and possible strategies to get kids outside to create a strong relationship with nature that pulls them away from the edge they are in.
We blinded him ourselves.
He had a big mustache
And today outside the window
Streams flowed all around
At night the snowman disappeared.
Maybe he went into the forest?
We kindly ask you guys
If the snowman is mustachioed
Meet on the way
Help us find it." T. Golub.
Streams appear in spring.
1. Where did the brook come from?
2. Where does the stream run?
Embrace nature wherever you are. You don't have to live in rural areas with access to paths and mountains to develop a relationship with nature throughout your life. Even in big city You can bring nature into your home by creating a "window on the world" in your living room, kitchen, or any room with a view. Watch the sky with your children.
Equip yourself with a star and a field bird, inexpensive binoculars, and an affordable telescope for beginners. Learn to recognize what time different types of clouds come in and record the changes that occur with day extension, tree jump, and other changes in the natural urban landscape outside of a specially prepared natural diary.
3. Launching paper boats in streams. In which direction are the boats sailing? Where does the stream flow? Where does it flow from? How can we know?
4. Offer to listen to how the brook murmurs.
5. game exercise "Brook" Offer to run like a stream over pebbles - bul-bul, along the sand - ding-ding. Read a poem "Brook"
Kids love to be explorers so cross your bike or park your bike to discover the wildest part of it - remember that wildlife thrives on the periphery; if you like, have your child enter only unexplored territory and you look at it from afar. When you travel somewhere, take every opportunity to stop on your main road to visit a natural landmark.
Rain, flames, heat or snow are not good reasons to keep our children indoors. Instead, we need to show them how to enjoy the beauty of all seasons. In winter, freeze black paper and use them to catch snowflakes and explore their amazing geometric figures using a magnifying glass. Keep a "reserve snow kit" ready: a shovel for easy storage, pebbles or black eye buttons, a hat and scarf, a nose carrot, hand-held hands, no matter how snowy and cold weathered, well dressed and moving children will easily handle it.
"A little snow is melting,
Through the meadow.
A finch will drink from the stream
The wind will make a wave
And a boat floats on it
To an unknown land"
puddle observations.
1. When looking at the first puddles, he will explain to the children that at night the puddles freeze, at night it is cold / covered with a thin ice crust.
2. Play technique: V-l approaches the puddle and He speaks: “Look into the puddle, who do you see there? He approaches the puddle with a toy, who do you see now?
When the spring rains come, make a rain sensor - a large jar with straight walls, fixed outdoors about 1 m from the ground; the combination of puddles, rubber boots and a raincoat can make every child forget the weather; don't be discouraged if your child gets wet despite the measures - at home you will change clothes. In the summer plan, family picnics in the park, by the river or lake; in August, when it is the world of the world, set up a night camp on the open lawn from the city lights to watch the rain of shooting stars.
When autumn comes, make an expedition to find and collect collections of leaves, acorns, seedlings, and whatever you find interesting; from the leaves you can make a herbarium, and the rest of the natural gifts can be placed in a transparent glass “wonder bowl”, which you can place in a visible place, for example, on the kitchen table, so that the result of your joint efforts can be seen.
3. Search actions: AT- eh: “Our bear is a mischievous one, took a spatula and moved it through the water, what do you see there now? The wave interferes. Explain to the children that objects are reflected only in calm water.
Icicle observations.
1. Questions: Where are there more icicles, where the sun falls or where it is not?
2. To the sunny pagoda watch the icicles melt. Why do icicles drip water? Explain to children.
As children grow up, their geographic boundaries expand naturally. Our job as parents is to let that happen. Keep kids in the eye, but as you grow them, encourage them to develop their relationship with nature, whether it be finding their own contemplative "niche" to quietly observe flora or fauna, or by exploring the bike area when already in high school, meeting up with friends for walks in nature or start with supporters of their own tourist club.
3. Offer to touch icicle: smooth, cold, shiny, transparent.
4. Offer to hold the icicle in your hand for a while, what happened to it, melted, why?
5. Bring the icicle in group, put in a plate, what happened after a while? Turned into water.
6. Make riddles:
“A bag of ice hangs outside the window
This is partly because we live in a time that seems cruel. Although statistical crimes against children have decreased, we still perceive the environment as violent. To make it easier for your mind to allow children to play outside, create a safety net with friends and family.
Tell your neighbors about your children's boundaries and ask them to call you if they see your child as being naughty or outside the agreed perimeter. For younger children, create "play sessions" - alternate with other parents to watch their children play at a decent distance - no compulsiveness is forced on their heads. Create a rotation calendar and communication plan with baby names, phone numbers and play sessions.
It's full of drops and it smells spring»
7. Read a poem:
"Bubbling with drops,
Icicle cried:
I wanted to sit higher
I wanted to get on the roof.
And stepped on the ledge -
And I'm afraid to fall down!
Cap! Cap! Cap!" N. Polyakova.
8. In clear sunny weather, put a bucket under the icicles, listen to the icicles cry. Why did the icicles cry?
Together we can create life rich in life for our children. And this will inevitably enrich us, their parents. Edna is looking for the most talented writers among her readers! Attractions Bansko - photos, age restrictions, prices and conditions.
Water slide. Age: 8 years old, even if they are at the feet of their parents. Despite what the slope looks like, the waterslide is an extreme experience. Some develop quite quickly, there is a certain posture on your arms and legs so you don't swallow water. Several people take care of maintenance, safety and order and relay information about radio stations when the next one might be released and there are problems on the route. Cloth is included in the price of the skate and then you return it, there are changing rooms, there is a path leading to the top of the skating rink to go down.
9. watch the drop from the window. On which side do icicles cry more, from the sun or the shadow?
10. watch which side of the roof do icicles grow faster, sunny or shady. Why?
Rain observations.
1. In group from the window to observe as it rains. Thunderstorm observations, listen to the sounds of a thunderstorm.
The experience is very strong because you are at the foot of the highest peaks of Pirin and the climate is high mountain, regardless of the sun, which shines around noon. Age: here the limit is 130 cm and below 130 kg. Price: 10 lv - 5 descents, 16 lv - 10 descents.
They made two gutters - one with turns, the other with a jump. Use the moving ski slopes to get up. The nozzles spray steam and it's a lot of fun. Inflatable castles - slides - trampolines. We in Sofia cannot imagine that they are free. My daughter kept coming to ask me if it was time for her and if she needed to go more. There is one uncle who follows the line.
2. Listen to the sound of rain.
3. After the rain, consider the puddles.
"To us on a long wet leg
The rain is running down the path
And there are circles on the street
These are rain steps"
5. Make riddles:
"He makes noise in the field and in the garden,
And won't get into the house
And I won't go anywhere
As long as he goes."
6. Play a game "Sun and Rain", "Raindrops".
Watching the wind.
1. Watch from the window whether there is wind outside or not (along the tops of the trees).
2. To determine the strength of the wind and direction, take out sultans, ribbons, turntables. Why are they spinning? Fast or slow? Read poem:
"You turn my turntable,
Homemade toy.
I'm running with you through the park
I'm happy and hot.
3. Make riddles:
"Without arms, without legs,
"Wind. Wind, come!
gray cloud drive away!
“Wind, wind!
You are powerful
You drive flocks of clouds
You excite the blue sea
Everywhere you blow in the open .... "
A. S. Pushkin.
Sky watching.
1. What color is the sky?
2. Are there clouds in the sky? What color are they? What do they look like?
#Above the forest, above the mountains
The carpet is spread
He is always, always scattered
Above you and above me.
Now he is gray, then he is gray
It's bright blue."
4. Make riddles:
"Without wings they fly,
Running without legs
Sailing without a sail."
Game, search nature of the action.
Introduction to the properties of sand (dry, raw).
1. V-l pours dry sand from a bucket onto the table, accompanying words: “The sand is dry, it crumbles, crumbles. Let's try to make pies." Children try but fail. V-l pours water on the sand and He speaks: “Now the sand is damp, let's try to fashion pies. Children mold pies and make sure that pies are made from raw sand.
2. On the next walk he brings a bucket of damp sand, squeezes the sand in his palms, tries to pour it into a bottle, invites the children to do the same, but the sand does not crumble, it remains in lumps. V-l explains: “This sand is wet, it does not crumble, it does not crumble, but it is good to sculpt from it. Offer molds for sand play.
3. On the following walks in-l teaches to distinguish between dry and wet sand in a tactile way and by color. Sets question: “Is it possible to mold from this sand? Why?
Vegetable world.
Weed watching.
1. Offer to find places where weed has already grown. What color is she?
2. Play a game "find the weed".
"The grass is green
“More recently, ice
Glittered here
And now grass
"with a warm wind, grass,
make friends
Together with us the sun
Bow."
Observations behind the leaves.
1. Bring the children to the tree, gently tilt the branch, ask what comes out of the buds? What color are the leaves? Let the leaves smell.
2. Show the flowering of trees, consider the flowers of willow, poplar, bird cherry, birch.
"She is meets spring-
Puts on earrings
Thrown over the back
Green scarf
And a striped dress
Do you recognize the birch?"
4. Play a game "One, two, three run to the tree" and
"Stand to the tree with the thickest trunk".
Watching nature bloom.
Coltsfoot.
1. Show to the bear. What beautiful flowers bloomed on the site. What are these flowers called? What colour? What do they look like?
2. At the end of the season, after the flowers have faded, examine the leaves of the coltsfoot.
3. Make riddles:
«» On the thaw
little boy,
In a yellow skullcap
In a gray katsaveyka.
Dandelion.
1. What is it? What colour is he? Offer to touch, smell.
2. Compare dandelion and mate-and-stepmother.
“Wears a dandelion yellow sarafan.
Grow up to dress up in white dress:
Light, airy, obedient to the breeze.
4. Make riddles:
"White ball fluffy
I show off in a clean field.
The breeze rustled
And dispelled this ball.
5. Play technique: "Blow on a dandelion".
1. Show the plants and ask what they are called.
2. Compare how one plant differs from another. During observations read poetry, make riddles.
Animal world.
1. Walk with the bear around the site and see who lives on our site. They flew to the flowers beautiful butterflies. What color are butterfly wings? What does a butterfly do.
2. We fly like butterflies around the site.
"Lemonberry, lemongrass
Chasing a rutabaga
Probably these butterflies
The two are playing tags."
4. Make riddles:
"On a large colored carpet
Sela squadron-
It will open, it will close
Painted Wings»
"Not a bird, but with wings"
1. Watching ladybug . Who is it? What colour? What does it look like? What is he doing?
2. Listen to how a ladybug flies.
3. Compare the flight of a butterfly and a beetle.
"I caught a beetle
And put it in a box
He pressed his wings
It's immediately obvious that he's timid.
I opened the box
Looked through the crack...
Here's a timid one for you -
Fly away in a flash."
5. Make riddles:
"Zhu-zhu-zhu,
I'm sitting on a branch
letter "AND" I keep saying
Knowing firmly this letter,
I'm buzzing In spring and summer».
6. Play technique: "flew like beetles". They hummed like bugs.
frog sightings.
1. Who is this? What colour? How does he move?
2. How does a frog swim? How does one climb a rock? Examine the webs on the paws. Tell that frogs are useful, they catch harmful insects.
"Here's a frog on the path
Jumping with outstretched legs
Kwa-kva-kva, kva-kva-kva,
Jumping, legs outstretched.
4. Make a riddle:
"NOT a beast, not a bird,
Afraid of everything.
Catch the flies
And splash into the water!
5. Play a game "The Frog and the Heron"
6. Play technique: "Jumped like frogs" croaked like frogs.
bird watching.
1. Observe for the arrival and nesting of birds. Who flew to our site? What are the sparrows doing? Why don't tits and goldfinches fly to the feeder anymore? What birds eat at the feeder?
2. observe like sparrows bathe in puddles. Remember the poem by M. Klokova.
"Sparrow from a birch
Jump on the road!
No more frost
Chick-chirp!
Here it gurgles in the groove
fast stream,
She has cold paws
Hop-hop-hop!
The ravines dry up
Jump, jump, jump!
Insects will come out -
Chick, chick!
3. Make a riddle:
"Little boy
In a gray coat.
Sneaking around the yards
He collects crumbs.
4. Play a game "Sparrows and a cat"
5. Show how rooks build nests. What are they doing it from? Hear the birds sing? How do they move? How do they eat?
"Winter is over,
starling flies
And sings loudly:
Came Spring,
Clear, red.
See how everything melts!”
7. Play a game: "Who flies, walks, jumps".
Walking plan
for older children preschool age
The process of raising children is continuous. Great potential opportunities for the comprehensive harmonious development of the child's personality are laid in the process of upbringing and educational work with children in the conditions of a walk.
An indispensable condition for the successful development and education of preschoolers on a walk is their simultaneous mastery of mental and practical actions. When conducting walks, various forms of organizing children are used (a whole group, small subgroups, individually). This is successfully solved in the course of systematic observations planned in advance by the teacher. Daily observations on a walk enrich children's ideas about the world of nature, people (their labor, relationships), enrich children's aesthetic ideas.
In psychological research, observation is defined as a complex activity, as a conscious and purposeful perception. It includes a peculiar kind of mental processes, which are based on sensory cognition, represent only the initial analysis and synthesis of data from sensory experience. Its purpose is not only to acquaint children with objects or phenomena, but also to teach them to notice changes in the environment. Children observe the behavior and habits of animals, changes in the life of plants, in inanimate nature.
Observation only correctly reflects the phenomena and processes being studied when there is a clear plan for its implementation, which indicates the objects of observation, its goals and objectives, the time of observation, the duration and expected result, the expected change.
The content of classes related to observations is gradually becoming more complex; more complex objects of observation are selected, its plan is deepened, new aspects of phenomena are considered, a transition is outlined to the knowledge of the connection between them.
Observations are organized not only in the classroom, but also in Everyday life. They can be short-term (observation of the weather, the behavior of birds, fish, animals) and long-term (observation of the development of plants, seasonal phenomena).
In the studies of many scientists, the need to specifically teach preschoolers to observe nature is emphasized. Experimental data convincingly indicate that in this case this process becomes more complete, precise, consistent, systematic, and multifaceted.
By organizing observations in nature, the educator solves a number of tasks in a complex: he forms knowledge about nature in children, teaches them to observe, develops observation, educates aesthetically. Based on the joint activity of analyzers, thanks to the word of the educator, children form specific knowledge, develop thinking, speech, interest and love for nature, a sense of beauty.
The educator directs the observation, he explains to the children the goals of observation, asks questions that direct their attention to an object or phenomenon. If the children have already met with the subject being studied, the teacher begins with questions that organize observation. In the course of observations, it is necessary to include a variety of analyzers of children. The teacher must ensure that the children examine objects, listen to the sounds they make, stroke or feel, and correctly name what they perceive. The work of analyzers is activated when, in the course of observations, the educator uses the play and practical actions of children with natural objects.
The effectiveness of the observation method is ensured when the teacher fulfills the following requirements:
Clarity and specificity of setting goals, tasks of observation for children;
· Planned, consistent deployment of the monitoring process;
· Taking into account the age capabilities of children in the selection of the volume of ideas formed in the course of observation;
High mental activity and independence of children
Observations in nature have great importance in the formation of the foundations of ecological culture in preschool children. Such observations not only give children new information, and help to immerse in wonderful world personal live communication with nature, enter into a direct dialogue with it. The “Concept of preschool education” says that at preschool age a positive attitude towards nature, oneself and the people around is laid. In the implementation of this task, teachers should focus on the educational potential environment. Therefore, in working with preschool children, it is recommended to pay great attention to the organization of observations of natural objects. Most kindergartens are located in green areas. Where it is possible to organize walks in the meadow and field. The convenient location of kindergartens helps to cover a sufficiently large number of natural objects. To acquaint children not only with the variety of natural objects, but also to see with their own eyes the features of plant growth and the habitats of certain insects and some animals and birds.
Thus, observation of the surrounding reality has a profound impact on the comprehensive development of the child's personality. The child's comprehension of what is perceived and the reflection of the results of observation in speech develops the independence of his thought, ingenuity, critical mind, enriches the preschooler's vocabulary, improves speech, memory, attention and lays a reliable foundation for the formation of a materialistic worldview
Observation plan for a walk in the older group
"Excursion to the winter forest"
Program content:
1. Systematize children's knowledge about the life of trees in winter, their ways of adapting to changing environmental conditions (snowfall, wind).
2. To form an idea of the relationship between the inhabitants of the forest - plants and animals, their food dependence on each other.
3. Expand children's knowledge of wintering birds.
4. Remember the rules of behavior in the forest.
5. Educate careful attitude to the surrounding nature.
Previous work:
- Reading Pogorelovsky's poem "Hello Forest ...", V. Bianchi "Forest Newspaper", K. Chukovsky "Christmas Tree", P. Voronko "There is a hut in the forest under the Christmas tree."
- Good-bad game.
- Inventing a fairy tale "What do trees dream about in winter?"
- Watching the trees.
- Examination of paintings from the series "Birds in the winter forest."
- Listening to the works of P.I. Tchaikovsky "The Seasons"
- Drawing on the theme "Winter Forest", "How I help the birds in winter."
- Modeling and application "My feathered friends."
Methodical methods:
1. Creating play motivation: Magpie invites children to the winter forest for a walk to find out what its inhabitants do in winter.
2. Discussion of the invitation.
3. Conversation "Rules of conduct in the forest."
4. Going for a walk, an excursion to the forest.
5. Reading an excerpt from Pogorelovsky "Hello forest ...".
6. Didactic game"Reading the footprints."
7. Observation of trees (compare coniferous and deciduous trees).
8. “What will the silence tell about?” (listening to sounds winter forest, storytelling).
9. Birdwatching ( appearance, behavior, feeding).
10. Return from a walk.
11. Joint activity. Discussion of the walk, displaying impressions of what they saw in the children's drawings.
Bibliography:
Veretennikova S.A."Introducing preschoolers to nature." – M.: “Enlightenment”, 1980.
Vasilyeva A. I."Teach children to observe nature." - Minsk: "Narasveta", 1972.
Grekhova L.I."In union with nature" - teaching aid, M.: "TsGL", 2002.
Ivanova A. I.“Methodology of organization environmental observations and Experiments in Kindergarten: A Handbook for Workers preschool institutions.– M.: TC “Sphere”. 2004.
Kovinko L.V."Secrets of nature - it's so interesting", - M .: "Linka - press", 2004.
Lucic M.V."Children about nature." – M.: “Enlightenment”, 1989.
Nikolaeva S. N.“Method environmental education in kindergarten: work with children of middle and senior group kindergarten”, book. for kindergarten teachers. – M.: “Enlightenment”, 2004.
Shishkina V.A., Dedulevich M.N.“Walks in nature”, M.: “Enlightenment”, 2003.