Do you want to captivate the child unusual view art? We invite you to teach him an unconventional drawing technique - grattography.

Concept definition

Grattage is graphic drawing, which is applied to paper with a sharp instrument. Just do not rush to think that you will need to cut out shapes from paper. The drawing is applied on a special basis. For this purpose, cardboard or a plain sheet of paper is covered with ink and the paint is allowed to dry. Only after that, with a sharp “brush”, the drawing is scratched.

This image technique has long been taught in art schools and children's drawing studios. However, children rarely use it in practice. But in vain. The drawings created with the help of grattography are voluminous and, most importantly, unique. In the work created in this way, there is some kind of mystery.

Important Aspects

IN art school teachers explain in detail how to create a picture using the scratching technique. But what if the child does not attend this kind of institution? You can teach him this method of drawing yourself. So, scratching, drawing technique.

First of all, to create a drawing, you should prepare the basis. For this, it is best to use cardboard. Depending on the wishes, the base can be left white or painted in any color. Please note that if you do not color the cardboard, the output image will turn out to be black and white.

Second important point is the tool used. A knitting needle, a scalpel, a wooden manicure stick or a ballpoint pen can act as a “brush”.

To create the basis of the picture, they are mainly used watercolor paints, acrylic or gouache. However, the use of wax pastels or oil backgrounds is acceptable.

Grattage, Master class

The creative process begins with painting over the cardboard. At your request, you can use one color or add several rich colors to the picture. When the base is dry, you can proceed to the second stage of drawing - grouting.

This moment is extremely important. Carefully rub the base with paraffin or wax. Please note that this work must be done with high quality. The paraffin layer should cover every millimeter of cardboard. Be sure to check the quality of the work done. To do this, bring the sheet to a light source. The missing spots are clearly visible in the light.

The third stage of work is the application of black paint. Here it is better to use ink, acrylic or gouache. Please note that an individual application method is used for each material. So, for applying mascara, you need an additional liquid or regular soap. In a hotel dish, dilute the soapy water and periodically dip the brush into it. Gouache is diluted with liquid soap in a separate jar, without adding water.

This trick allows you to evenly distribute the paint over the paraffin surface. Now you should wait for the base to dry completely. This procedure should take place under natural conditions. Do not speed up the drying process with improvised means (for example, a hairdryer). Due to the heating, the wax applied to the cardboard will begin to melt and be absorbed into the paper. As a result, the top layer cannot be scratched.

The final stage of work is drawing a picture. This process is very painstaking. And most importantly, if the line has been drawn, it will no longer be possible to get rid of it. In view of this, we recommend that you first draw a picture on a plain sheet of paper. Then put it on a black base and again draw the outlines of the picture with ballpoint pen. As a result, your drawing is marked on a black base and all you have to do is scratch it with a sharp tool. That's all, scratching - the picture is ready.

Video. How to draw in the technique of scratching

Drawings in the technique of scratching

Master Class

"Drawing technique - scratching"

Tasks:

To acquaint the participants of the master class with the technique of "scratching";

develop imagination, fantasy, artistic taste;

evoke positive emotions artistic activity, interest in visual arts.

Exercise: Be able to prime the base for the drawing and create a drawing by scratching with a pointed object.

Equipment: white sheets of thick paper or white non-glossy cardboard, wax pencils, gouache of any color (preferably dark tones), a wide brush,Children's work made in the technique of "scrattage".

Lesson progress:

Slide #1

Dear teachers, today I will introduce you to one of the simplest types of graphics.

Slide #2

My master class is dedicated to this amazing scratching technique.This technique has become one of my favorites, I became so interested in it that I had a desire to captivate others with it!

Scratching is an original technique for creating an image on a black surface by scratching it with a sharp object. Since the name of the method comes from French word"gratter", which in translation means "scratch", or "scrape". Scratching is also very often called the scratching technique.

In Russia, this method was first used by the artist Mstislav Dubozhinsky at the beginning of the 20th century.

Slide #3

For work we need the following materials:

plain cardboard (not glossy) or watercolor rough paper;

wax crayons (preferably those that leave a rich, greasy mark);

gouache, better than dark tones;

wide brush;

scratching tools (sharp stick, toothpick, knitting needle or scissors).

Despite the complicated name, this technique is easy to perform and lends itself to creative thinking.

Grating is usually used when working with wood, plastic or metal.

Consider student work done in this technique. Please note which means of expression most commonly used in this technique.This is a line, a stroke, a contrast.

Display of works made in the technique of "scrattage".

And so, let's get to work.

Slide #4

Step 1.

First you need to paint over a sheet of thin cardboard wax crayons. You can paint over in any order - the main thing is that the entire surface is shaded without gaps.

You can replace wax crayons with an ordinary paraffin candle, and rub a sheet of colored cardboard with a rough surface with it.

Slide #5

Step 2

After the surface of the sheet is completely painted over with crayons, it is necessary to cover it with a layer of gouache.

Take a large brush and apply paint on the sheet in a thick layer.

Leave the primer for the picture alone until it dries completely.

Slide #6

Step 3

After the gouache is completely dry, you can start drawing.

It should be scratched with the pointed end of a wooden stick or any sharp object.

Carefully scratch all the outlines of your drawing.

When teaching children scribble need to remember about technique security! For younger children, it is better to give not too sharp objects, wooden or plastic, as a tool.

Slide number 7 - 10

Works made in the technique of "grattage".

Scratched paintings are amazing works of art. Due to the combination of a black background, white and multi-colored strokes, they are highly expressive and expressive.

Galina Bogacheva

Wonderful unusual technique"Grattage" will be interesting for children of any age. The difference is that for children younger age the basis for drawing is done by an adult, and older children - on their own. The technique is simple and consists of three steps. All stages of preparing the sheet for work are interesting and arouse interest in the child and bring up attention, perseverance, a sense of consistency and the ability to bring the work started to the end. The child learns the diversity of the world around him, as well as broadens his horizons and conducts cognitive research activities.

Grattage (from the French gratter - scrape, scratch) is a way of scratching a primed sheet with a pointed object. He is known to many as "Tsap-scratches". Children really like this funny name and they easily remember this technique. I assure you: "Having tried the Grattage technique once, you will want to return to it again and again."

The technique of "Scratching" can be performed in several ways.

Option number 1.(simplest).

1 step. Need to take dense sheet white cardboard and carefully (without spaces) rub it with a wax candle.

2 step. Apply with a wide brush a thick (like sour cream) layer of black (or other dark) gouache on the entire sheet of cardboard so that there are no gaps.

add a few drops of liquid soap (shampoo, detergent or PVA glue) to gouache, then gouache will not stain your hands when scratched.

3 step. Scratching. Take a pointed object (toothpick, pen, ballpoint pen, plastic fork, etc.) and start applying the planned drawing. You can draw stripes, various lines or strokes. Basically, whatever you want. I drew in this version.

"Winter night".

Option number 2.

1 step. We make the background gouache. In this variant White list I divided the cardboard into two parts horizontally. I applied gouache on the bottom of blue color, and on the top - yellow gouache.

Here's what I got.

"Starry sky" (waves are made with a plastic fork).

Option number 3. I do the background with wax pencils.

1 step. Sketch (without spaces) with colored wax pencils of the same color or draw colored spots.

Repeat steps 2 and 3 as in option No. 1. In this drawing, I sketched a sheet of cardboard with colored spots.

if you want to transfer a drawing from a book to "Scratchage", then transfer it to tracing paper and carefully draw the outline of the drawing, slightly pushing it, and then scratch it well.

Option number 4."Scratching" + application.

1 step. Cardboard with a ready-made bright pattern. A cover from colored cardboard or an album is great.

Repeat steps 2 and 3 as in option No. 1.

4 step. Run the application from pre-prepared forms.

"Northern Lights" (snow made with semolina).

if you want to add shine to the work, apply hairspray evenly over the entire sheet.

I am sure that the "Scratch" technique will appeal to your pupils. Experiment, create and scratch!

Master class for kindergarten teachers

"Unconventional drawing technique - scratching"

“The origins of the abilities and talents of children are at their fingertips. From the fingers, figuratively speaking, go the thinnest threads - streams that feed the source of creative thought. In other words, the more skill in a child's hand, the smarter the child."

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

The development of creativity is one of the main tasks of preschool education. In concept preschool education this is given special emphasis. At present, a broad approach to the problem is needed, understanding it as the development of the creative foundations of the personality in various spheres of the child's life: in relation to the world of nature, objects, the world of people, in relation to oneself (i.e., creative self-development). Great potential to unlock children's creativity enclosed in visual activity preschoolers. The joy of creativity becomes much more accessible to children when they learn to draw, and they know that there are special techniques with which to solve difficulties in drawing. Drawing in kindergarten, as well as the activity of the artist, includes a certain technique, which the child needs to master so that he can freely dispose of it when solving various problems, to most fully express his impressions of the environment in the drawing.

The use of non-traditional drawing techniques makes the learning process interesting and entertaining, creates a cheerful working mood in children, and facilitates overcoming difficulties in mastering the program material. I use various non-traditional techniques in drawing with children (finger painting, freehand printing, poke drawing, signet painting, tamponing, monotype, plasticine painting, scratching, batik).

Each of these techniques is a little game. Their use allows children: to feel more relaxed, bolder, more direct, develops imagination, gives complete freedom for self-expression. Develops fine motor skills hands, hand-eye coordination, creativity. Improves the ability to use graphic means of expression: line, stroke, contrast to convey their impressions. Raises interest in unconventional drawing. Stimulates activity, initiative in inventing the content of the image. Children really like to draw using the "scratch" technique.

The technique of "grattage" is also called "dagger-scratches" or "graffito". The drawing is highlighted by scratching with a pen or a sharp instrument on paper or cardboard filled with ink (so that it does not blur, you need to add a little detergent or shampoo, just a few drops). The word comes from the French gratter - scrape, scratch, so another name for the technique is the scratching technique. Usually I use thick paper or cardboard, paint over with gouache (can be mixed with ink). You can take colored cardboard, then you can limit yourself to an ordinary wax candle (not colored). Then, with a wide brush, apply a layer of mascara to the surface. When it dries, use a special engraver, toothpick, sharp stick, rod, etc. - we scratch on the finished background a drawing of thin white or colored lines.

Technique -scratching - interesting to children - regardless of age - the only difference is that the teacher prepares the source material for the younger ones, and the older ones can do everything on their own, since the technique is simple to perform - in just three steps.

All the steps of preparing the sheet for work are also interesting in that they bring up in the child a sense of consistency, attention, and perseverance. Drawing on an already finished sheet is generally like magic: the child will be surprised to observe how bright, contrasting lines and strokes appear on a graphite-black background.

Work in the technique of scratching goes through several stages:

First stage.

For drawing, a thick sheet of paper is taken, preferably cardboard. Depending on what kind of drawing you want to get (color or black and white), paint a sheet of paper with wax crayons, watercolors, gouache, or take colored cardboard. Needed in advance reverse side indicate on the cardboard where the top and where the bottom of the picture is, so as not to make a mistake when scratching when the entire sheet is covered with the top layer.

Usually used watercolors, gouache or acrylic. It is acceptable to use oil or wax pastels for a colored background.

Second phase.

When the paint is dry, you should start grouting with wax or paraffin. A prerequisite for quality work will be how carefully and conscientiously every millimeter of the sheet is rubbed.

Third stage.

The next step after grouting is the application of black or colored paint. If mascara is used, then you need to prepare regular or liquid soap for work, periodically dip the brush in soapy water. If - gouache, then in a separate jar mix it with liquid soap. This is done in order to evenly apply mascara or gouache and avoid it from rolling off the oily surface of the wax or paraffin.

Fourth stage.

You should wait for the paint to dry well, in no case dry it near heating appliances, otherwise the wax will melt, absorb into the paper or into the top layer of cardboard and it will not be possible to scratch it.

Fifth stage.

When the sheet is ready to work, start scratching a drawing on it.If it is difficult for a child to start work on his own, offer him a pre-prepared template or stencil. Based on your stencil, it will be easier for him to supplement the drawing with his own elements and come up with the plot of the picture on his own.

Working in the “Scratch” technique requires a lot of effort, therefore, regularly spend a physical minute and finger gymnastics while drawing.

In the technique of "Scratch" Landscapes are very beautiful: winter, autumn, as well as a night city, space, undersea world and everything related to wildlife.

To remove shavings of ink during work, you need to use a wide brush.

In the process of my work, I use the following methods and techniques:

teaching methods:

informational;

research;

practical;

The information method includes the following techniques:

viewing;

observation;

excursion;

teacher sample;

teacher display.

verbal method includes:

conversation;

story, art history story;

use of teacher samples;

artistic word.

practical method is a method aimed at consolidating the knowledge and skills of children. This is a method of exercises that bring skills to automatism. It includes:

receiving a repeat;

work on drafts;

performing shaping movements with the hand.

Put a sheet of paper on the table

Write it down beautifully

Candle, rub it properly

And hide everything inside with paint.

Turn on your fantasy

Transfer it to the sheet.

magic wand his

You scribble quickly:

Star, wave, portrait, landscape -

That's the whole technique - gratatage.

Lilova O.A.

How often do we see life in black,
And happiness is like a ghostly mirage...
Under black ink - a world of rainbows, light.
I love scratched paintings!

The purpose of the master class: training the participants of the master class in non-traditional drawing techniques - scratching, development creativity preschooler by means of non-traditional drawing technique “scratch”.

Tasks:

Introduce the workshop participants to non-traditional technique drawing scratching;

To acquaint with the basic techniques for performing the “grattage” technique;

To study the technology of drawing in the technique of “scratching”.

The main stages of the master class:

1. Theoretical part

2. Practical part.

3. Summing up.

Is your child already bored with drawing with ordinary colored pencils and felt-tip pens? And you want to know if there are interesting drawing techniques that are designed for children? You have come to the right address! Grattage drawing technique for children, which will be discussed in this article, will surely please even the most demanding young artists. First of all, its uniqueness.

We draw with children in the scratching technique

The principle of this technique is that the drawing is scratched on paper with a sharp object. Usually, the paintings made with the help of scratching are black and white. But kids might find it boring, so you can color the picture! You will need a thick sheet of paper or cardboard, a set of colored wax crayons, and regular black gouache. So…

First, paint the surface of the sheet with wax crayons. You need to do this as tightly as possible, so that the sheet turns out to be as bright as possible! After you have done this, apply a thick layer of gouache to the painted surface.

When the gouache is completely dry, you can proceed to the most interesting step - drawing a picture on a black surface! For this, a regular toothpick will do! By scratching it on the surface of the painted sheet, you will get the color outlines of the drawing! Not without reason, this technique is also called "dac-scratches." The brighter and denser the sheet was covered with wax crayons at the very beginning, the brighter the result will be!

Now you know what a scratching technique is for children. As you can see, everything is quite simple! And at the same time, unusual! So both kids and adults will love it!

More non-traditional drawing techniques.