1 slide

2 slide

Ballerine ... combien de ce mot ... The ballerina has always been considered a symbol of true femininity and beauty. The gracefulness of her movements, the refinement of her figure and the majestic posture have always been an object of admiration for men and envy for women. However, in order to achieve the perfect form, modern ballerinas have to work hard on themselves. Little girls starting out in ballet school, practicing hard and sticking to their diets, prepare with bated breath for the moment when they can move on to senior class. After all, not every one of them will be able to withstand difficult exams. These problems are associated somewhat with the imperfect technique and skill of young ballerinas, but with changes in their figure. Ballerina ... how much in this word ...

3 slide

Coincidentally, the transition to high school coincides with transitional age in girls, which is naturally accompanied by changes in appearance. Therefore, every girl who claims to be a ballerina strives to lose weight as much as possible in every possible way. And sometimes it doesn't lead to anything good. Of course, in the ballet school, the nutrition of the pupils is well thought out and balanced, the diet includes products that will not only keep fit in order, but also give strength. Because for the developing child's body and the heavy loads that he experiences, this is very important. But even in this case, little ballerinas try to eat less so that extra grams are not highlighted during the control weighing. Girls, moving into the fifth grade of the ballet school, are considered not to weigh more than fifty kilograms. After all, it is at this stage of training that ballerinas hone their skills in pair dancing, and it is difficult for young dancers to lift a heavy ballerina. However, despite all the difficulties that young dancers have to go through, it is not yet known whether they will shine on the stages of theaters or whether they will be assigned a role in the corps de ballet. In addition, girls must take theoretical exams, because knowledge of dance theory is very important.

4 slide

Farther away from anorexia However, it is worth noting that the thinness of ballerinas was not always in fashion. For example, in the era of Romanticism, ballerinas with thin, almost transparent forms were welcomed. Emphasized their figure and original outfits. During the turning point for ballet art, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, thinness for a ballerina was considered unacceptable. The dancers had to conquer the audience with their rounded shapes. In addition, such ballerinas, not embarrassed by the features of their bodies, sought to shorten their skirts. Later, the appearance of the ballerina generally ceased to pay attention. After all, both miniature dancers and rather large ones, who did not fit the image of light and graceful, began to perform on the stage of theaters. The fragility of a ballerina eventually ceased to play a role at all, the main thing is that a woman correctly and masterfully performs her part. Small and graceful ballerinas are being replaced by tall and large ones who skillfully perform all the elements of the dance. On the this moment in a ballerina, her dancing skills are valued, although this also depends on the body structure of the dancer. Plus loin de l "anorexie

5 slide

Ballet is always surrounded by an aura of grace for the viewer. There are not many who for real knows the real price of beauty, the grace of dancers on stage. Pain, broken fingers remain in the shadows ... Ballet, the highest stage of choreography (from the Greek choreia - dance and grapho - I write), in which dance art rises to the level of musical stage performance, arose as a courtly aristocratic art much later than dance, at 15 –16th centuries The term "ballet" appeared in Renaissance Italy in the 16th century. and meant not a performance, but a dance episode. Ballet - synthetic art in which the dance is the main thing means of expression ballet, is closely connected with music, with the dramatic basis - libretto, with scenography, with the work of a costume designer, lighting designer, etc. Ballet originated in Italy and immediately captured France. Russia, having a rich folk choreography, has attracted many talented choreographers from Europe. What contributed to the unification of cultures, the enrichment of the language and the rapprochement of countries. Italian and French choreographers developed the technique of ballet in Russia, a country that is rich in national dances, appeared classical dance. The most significant current in culture XVIII in. Is Enlightenment. Arising in late XVIII in. In England, it reached its peak in France in the second half of the 18th century. His influence was so great that often the time of his existence is called an entire era. Sur l "originine de l" art du ballet About the origin of the art of ballet

6 slide

This is a period of new ideas and outlooks on life, changes and reforms, when canons and traditions were questioned. Enlightenment, opposing itself to previous eras and currents, had a serious impact on the development of all areas artistic culture. Ballet productions of that time still relied on the canons of past centuries, which determined the subject and form of the ballet. And the Enlighteners proposed to move away from the norms of classicism with its desire for an ideal representation of reality and turn to the life of a “natural person”. Thus, in their opinion, they made it possible to develop the content of ballet and, accordingly, its independence in theatrical art. After all, at that time the ballet was not an independent performance. The opera was accompanied by ballet performances, as a rule, not connected with the actions of the performance. But nevertheless, the ideas of classicism, which gave so much to ballet, survived until early XIX in. This duality will be present in the art of ballet for a hundred years.

7 slide

Russia turned out to be a very fertile ground for development ballet theater. Comprehending the science taught by foreigners, the Russians, in turn, introduced their own intonations into the foreign dance. In the 1730s in St. Petersburg, ballet scenes in court opera performances were staged by J.-B. Lande and A. Rinaldi (Fossano). In 1738, the St. Petersburg Ballet School (now the St. Petersburg Academy of Dance named after A.Ya. Vaganova) was opened, the founder and leader of which was Lande. In 1773 in sinks. Empress Anna Ioannovna is the founder of the system of choreographic education in Russia. The first choreographic performance in Russia was "The Ballet about Orpheus", shown in " comedy choromina" Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in his fiefdom - the village of Preobrazhensky near Moscow (February 13, 1675). From the 1st half of the 18th century, ballet was instilled by choreographers and dance teachers from Italy and France. Possessing its rich dance folklore. Jean-Baptiste Lande - founder of the Academy of Russian Ballet named after A.Ya. Vaganova L "émergence du ballet en Russie tsariste The appearance of ballet in tsarist Russia

8 slide

The Orphanage opened a ballet department - the forerunner and foundation of the Moscow choreographic school. One of his first teachers and choreographers was L. Paradise. By the end of the 18th century serf troupes were developed in the estates of the Sheremetevs near Moscow (Kuskovo, Ostankino), etc. By that time, St. Petersburg and Moscow had court and public theaters. Major foreign composers, choreographers and many others worked in them. Russian performers-A. S. Sergeeva, V. M. Mikhailova, T. S. Bublikov, G. I. Raikov, N. P. Berilova. At the turn of the 18th - 19th centuries, I.I. Valberkh (Lesogorov) is the first Russian choreographer who brought up many talented artists, among them the bright dancer and dramatic actress Evgenia Kolosova. Walberg prepared the school and the theater troupe for the arrival of the French choreographer C. Didlot (1767-1837). Since 1756, after the decree of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna on the creation of a Russian theater, the educational institution created by Lande gradually transformed into " theater school". The second (1756-1829) period in the history of the school began, when all types of art (ballet, drama, music, painting) were taught integrated with gradual specialization based on an analysis of the successes achieved in one of them. From that time until the beginning of the 20th century, dance education developed in close contact with the training of specialists in other types of theatrical work: dramatic actors, artists, musicians, circus performers. Ivan Valberkh - the first Russian choreographer Charles Louis Didelot - founder modern methodology classical dance

9 slide

Didlo's activities contributed to the planting and consolidation in Russia french school classical pointe dance. Didlo's activities contributed to the beginning of the third (1829-1917) period in the history of the school, when the organizational development of ballet education began. Its main goal was to provide high-quality professional training for ballet dancers, and the volume of general education gradually began to increase. Since 1829, the training of dancers has been separated from the training of artists in other forms of art. During this period, the structure of the dancer training program was formed, formed by a combination of professional and general education. Thanks to Didlo's activities, ballet education reached a fairly high level, primarily because Didlo included Russian ballet pedagogy in the space of contemporary ballet art in Europe, where a new system of theatrical pointe classical dance was taking shape, which was fundamentally different from the previous one, close to the system of ballroom and everyday dance. Didlo demanded from his students not only perfect technique, but also acting expressiveness. It is no coincidence that A. Pushkin said that there is more poetry in Didelot's ballets than in all French literature. In 1816, A. Istomina, a student of Didlo, graduated from school. For Didlo, as later for his compatriot M. Petipa, Russia became a second home, and Russian ballet at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries in many respects surpassed the largest foreign theaters. In 1816, A. Istomina, a student of Didlo, graduated from school. Three cycles of disciplines took shape: special, auxiliary and general education. The core of the program of special disciplines was classical dance, which was facilitated by pedagogical activity French choreographer C. Didlo. The duration of the program was seven years. The principles of admission to dance training (invariably limiting the age of admission and the requirement of special natural data) and attestation of students (annual competitive transfer from class to class) were established. The forerunner of the romantic era in Russian ballet was Maria Taglioni, the first La Sylphide to visit St. Petersburg in 1837. The ballet "La Sylphide" brought her worldwide fame. Istomina A.I.

10 slide

At the turn of the century, court ballet opened its doors to professional dancers and gradually became available to the public. At this time, the dance technique is enriched, a system for recording it is created. It is not precisely established who owns the authorship of the dance recording system. It is known that the French choreographer and dance theorist P. Beauchamp and the dancer-choreographer R.o. Faye. Beauchamp's work remained unpublished, and Feyet's book, Choreography, or the Art of Recording a Dance, was published in 1701. Already in the first half of the XVIII century. In England, the choreographer and theorist of the ballet theater D. Leaver created pantomime performances, which were the beginning of a meaningful, holistic ballet. By the middle of the XVIII century. The ideas of transformation in art were expressed by many writers, composers, artists and choreographers. So, for example, the term "effective dance" was first mentioned by the theorist of dance, the writer Louis de Cayuzac, in 1754. Reformist ideas, of course, also concerned music. Reformism manifested itself in the music of K. V. Gluck, who took lessons from Boguslav Chernogorsky. But the legendary person was J.J. Noverre (1727-1788). He began the ballet reform on well-prepared ground. The result of the work of several years will be the publication of 1760 "Letters on Dance and Ballets". L. Dupre, a teacher of a now recognized figure in the arts, largely influenced the personality of the future reformer. K.V. Gluck Zh.Zh. Noverre l‘ arrivée du grandré formateur The coming of the ingenious reformer

11 slide

In 1758, Jean-Georges Noverre staged his first ballet in Lyon and wrote his theories about dance. In 1760 he published his book Lettres sur la danse et les ballets (Letters on Dance and Ballets), which concentrated on the development of an action ballet in which the dancers' movements were designed to express meaning and convey a story. This seminal book was important because the 18th century was a period of refinement in the technical standards of ballet and a period in which ballet became a serious dramatic art form along with opera. To make everything that happens on stage as true as possible, Noverre chose pantomime as the main method. By the middle of the 18th century, many monarchical courts in Europe were trying to be like Versailles. Opera houses opened in different places. Dancers and teachers easily found work. During this time, women played a supporting role as ballet dancers, as they wore crinolines, corsets, wigs, and high heels. In such costumes, worn by ballerinas of that era, it was difficult for them to dance, and since they wore leather masks, it was difficult for them to act. Noverre contributed to the change traditional costume ballerinas and in 1763 he staged Jason and Medea without masks. The expressions on the faces of the dancers were visible, and the enormous expressiveness of the performance sometimes greatly impressed the audience of the ballet. The costumes required changes, the vision and attitude to the dance were waiting for changes ... The world is waiting for the Taglioni family .... Liberté de circulation

12 slide

This choreographer, like Dauberval, remained in history the author of one ballet - La Sylphide, although he staged many performances. But even more than choreography, he became famous for being the father of the famous ballerina Maria Taglioni. Philippe Taglioni was born in Milan in 1777. He was the eldest son of the Piedmontese dancer Carlo Taglioni. He began his dancing career in Naples, in 1795-1798 he became the first dancer in the theaters of Livorno, Florence, Venice, Turin and Milan. In 1799 he arrived in Paris and managed to dance there, but did not stay long. He was invited to Stockholm to dance at the Royal Opera and spent three years there. In March 1831, Louis Veron became director of the Opera. He understood the tastes of the public, which constantly demanded an update of the repertoire, and he perfectly saw how romanticism came into fashion with its fantastic characters - ghosts, sylphs, evil and good spirits. This had to be reckoned with - and on November 21, 1831, the premiere of Meyerbeer's opera "Robert the Devil" with a gloomy demonic plot took place. The main character, the knight Robert, entered an abandoned monastery at night in order to get a magical talisman. There he was surrounded by the ghosts of sinful nuns rising from their graves. The part of their leader, the abbess Helena, was danced by Maria Taglioni. Taglioni, who staged this scene, showed himself to be a true romantic - among the ruins overgrown with forest, in the mysterious moonlight, the spectator appeared incorporeal white shadows, wove a ghostly round dance around Robert. This dance was watched from behind the scenes by the young dancer Jules Perrot - and the memories of "Robert the Devil" ten years later came to life in the ballet "Giselle". The dance of the nuns was one of the first sketches of the "white ballet" in world choreography. Père et fille Taglioni Father and daughter Taglioni

13 slide

Maria Taglioni (Italian: Maria Taglioni; April 23, 1804, Stockholm - April 22, 1884, Marseille) is a famous Italian ballerina, a central figure in the ballet of the Romantic era. Maria was born in the family of choreographer and choreographer Philippe Taglioni. The girl had neither a ballet figure nor a special appearance. Despite this, her father decided to make her a ballerina. Maria studied in Vienna, Stockholm, and then in Paris with François Coulomb. Later, the father studied with Maria himself, in 1822 he staged the ballet "Reception of a young nymph to the palace of Terpsichore" with which Maria made her debut in Vienna. The dancer abandoned the heavy outfits inherent in ballet, wigs and makeup, dancing only in a modest light dress. Maria conquered the Parisian public in 1827 in " Venice carnival”, since then she has often danced at the Paris Grand Opera. In the same place, in March 1832, the premiere of the ballet Sylphide took place, which marked the beginning of the era of ballet romanticism. It was she who then introduced the tutu and pointe shoes into the ballet. AT moonlit night in the winter of 1835, Marie Taglioni's carriage was stopped by Russian robbers, Taglioni was forced to dance for them on the skin of a panther, deployed in the snow under the stars. From this real event, a legend arose... to preserve the memory of the adventure, Taglioni made it a habit to put pieces artificial ice into her box on a table with a mirror in front of which she dressed ... where, melting among the brilliant stones, a hint of atmosphere was awakened starry skies over a landscape covered with ice. Le Première Sylphide à Pointe The first Sylph in pointe shoes

14 slide

For the next fifteen years, Maria Taglioni toured all over Europe: from London to Berlin and from Milan to St. Petersburg. Marius Petipa wrote a large number of ballets for her. According to eyewitnesses, Taglioni's dances were the embodiment of grace and grace. Her best roles were in the ballets: The Sleeping Beauty, God and Bayadère, Sylphide, Zephyr and Flora, Cinderella, Vain Precaution. Maria's contribution to the life of ballet is invaluable. Taglioni took ballet to a whole new level. There were ballerinas before her who went to pointe shoes, in particular, Istomin in Russia. But it was Taglioni who learned not only to rise and fall from her fingers, but to dance on pointe shoes easily, organically, while remaining graceful and mobile. Her father told her in class that he would just die of shame! Ballerina's Rest (1968). Drawing by Nadia Rusheva, a brilliant girl artist who died at the age of 17. Ballerina Solo (1968). Drawing by Nadia Rusheva Taglioni's grave

15 slide

However, the greatest influence on the Russian ballet school romantic art reached during the period of work in Russia of the French dancer and choreographer Jules Perrot (from 1848 to 1859). He arrived in St. Petersburg at the invitation of the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters. In an era when a woman reigned supreme in romantic ballet, Perrault was one of the rare exceptions as a male dancer. He staged performances for ballerinas, in particular, he participated (together with J. Coralli) in the work on the ballet Giselle (music by A. Adam, 1841) at the Paris Opera, where his student and wife Carlotta Grisi played the title role (Perro staged all her dances) .

16 slide

En prévision d "un Français de Saint-Pétersbourg Perrault performed his first significant productions in Vienna in the second half of the 1830s, but the ballets created on the stage of the London Royal Theater brought him the greatest fame: Ondine, or Naiad (music by C. Pugni, 1843 ), Esmeralda (music by him, 1844) and Pas de Quatre (music by him, 1845), where four great romantic ballerinas participated simultaneously: Maria Taglioni, Carlotta Grisi, Fanny Cerrito and Lucille Grand; ballet Catarina, the robber's daughter (music by Pugni , 1846); as well as the ballet Faust staged for the first time in Milan (music by G. Panizza, M. Costa and G. Bayeti, 1849). Jules Perrault (1810-1892) Perrault is considered the greatest choreographer of the Romantic era. literary works(Esmeralda, Faust, etc.). The artist was a master of solo classical dance, which always served him as an expression of the inner state of the character, and at the same time succeeded in staging crowd scenes and ensembles. Many of Perrault's ballets continue to survive in the repertoire contemporary theater, but, as a rule, in later alterations. At the same time, it should be noted that Perrault's pedagogical activity has been studied very little. The Swedish dancer and choreographer Per Christian Joganson, who arrived in St. Petersburg in 1841, made a great contribution to the development of Russian ballet pedagogy. Waiting for a Frenchman from Petersburg

17 slide

Despite the fact that Saint-Leon changed a lot in P.P. Ershov, replacing the Russian tsar with a khan, and also introducing a "loyal" scene where all peoples praised Ivanushka, who had turned into a tsar (which caused criticism from progressive critics), the ballet had many advantages, primarily dance richness, as well as the possibilities that his images opened up actors, not only classical (Tsar Maiden, dancers in fantastic scenes at the bottom of the sea and on the island of mermaids), but especially characteristic ( folk dances) and mime artists (the roles of Ivanushka, Khan, etc.). It is no coincidence that the performance was repeatedly resumed and kept in the repertoire of the St. Petersburg (later Leningrad) theater and Moscow Bolshoi Theater from the 1860s to the 1930s, ran in many other theaters in the country. The ballets of Saint-Leon, where often external enchanting effects came to the fore due to meaningful motifs, marked the decline of romantic ballet, which flourished in the previous 1830-1850s. At the same time, they contained rich choreographic finds that enriched the vocabulary of ballet dance and contributed to the development of its technique. Thus, they prepared an offensive new era - "big ballet" Marius Petipa, no less significant in his own way and who brought ballet to Russia world recognition. Unfortunately, the role of Saint-Leon in the development of Russian ballet pedagogy is practically not studied. However, the ballet master and pedagogical activity of Marius Petipa, who arrived in St. Petersburg in 1847 at the invitation of the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters, had a decisive influence on the development of methodology at the school. The entire second half of the 19th century is the era of M. Petipa. The great choreographer created many original performances, preserved and enriched the ballets of his predecessors. Arthur Saint-Leon

BalletBALLET
The ballet is based on some kind of plot, dramatic
idea, libretto,
The libretto is the literary basis of a great vocal (and not
only) writings, of a secular or spiritual nature, for example,
opera, ballet, operetta, oratorio, cantata, musical; short
the content of the play.
but there are also plotless ballets.
The main types of dance in ballet are classical dance.
and character dance. An important role is played here
pantomime,
Pantomime is a type of stage art in which the main
means of creating artistic image is plastic
human body, without the use of words. With which
actors convey the feelings of the characters, their "talk" among themselves, the essence
what is happening. AT contemporary ballet widely used
also elements of gymnastics and acrobatics.

History of the birth of ballet.

THE HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN OF BALLET.
Ballet originated in Italy during the Renaissance (XVI century)
at first as united by a single action or
mood dance scene, episode in
musical performance, opera. Borrowed from
Italy, in France, the court ballet flourishes as
magnificent solemn spectacle. Musical basis
the first ballets ("Comedy Ballet of the Queen", 1581)
composed folk and court dances that were part of
old suite. In the second half of the 17th century,
new theatrical genres such as comedy-ballet,
opera-ballet, in which a significant place is given to
ballet music and attempts are being made to
dramatize. But independent view
stage art, ballet becomes only in
second half of the 18th century, thanks to the reforms
carried out by the French choreographer J. J.
Nover. Based on French aesthetics
enlighteners, he created performances in which
content is revealed in dramatic
expressive plastic images, approved the active
the role of music as “a program that determines movement and
dancer's actions.

Russian ballet

RUSSIAN BALLET
The first ballet performance took place in Russia on 8
February 1673 at the court of Tsar Alexei
Mikhailovich in a village near Moscow
Preobrazhenskoe. national identity
Russian ballet began to take shape in
beginning of the 19th century, thanks to the activities
French choreographer Charles-Louis Didelot.
Didlo enhances the role of the corps de ballet, the connection of dance and
pantomime, affirms the priority of the feminine
dance. A real revolution in ballet music
produced by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, who contributed to
her continuous symphonic development,
deep figurative content, dramatic
expressiveness. The music of his ballets "Swan
lake", "Sleeping Beauty", "The Nutcracker"
found along with the symphonic opportunity
reveal the inner course of action,
embody the characters of the characters in their
interaction, development, struggle. Beginning XX
century was marked by innovative searches,
desire to overcome stereotypes,
conventions of academic ballet of the 19th century.

Modern dance

DANCE MODERN
Modern dance is one of the directions of modern
foreign choreography, which originated in con. XIX -
early XX centuries in the USA and Germany. The term "modern dance"
appeared in the USA to designate the stage
choreography that rejects traditional ballet
forms. Coming into use, supplanted other terms
(free dance, Duncanism, sandal dance,
rhythmoplastic dance, expressive,
expressionistic, absolute, new
artistic), arising in the process of development
this direction. Common to representatives of the dance
modern, no matter what trend they
belonged to and in what period proclaimed their
aesthetic programs, it was the intention to create
new choreography, which, in their opinion, answered
spiritual needs of a person of the XX century. Its main
principles: rejection of the canons, the embodiment of new themes and
plots with original dance-plastic
means. In pursuit of complete independence from
traditions, representatives of T.m. finally came to
the adoption of certain technical methods, in
confrontation with which a new
direction. Setting to a complete departure from
traditional ballet forms in practice could not
be fully implemented.

Ballet as art

BALLET AS ART
In its evolution, ballet is getting closer and closer to sports, losing
along the way, the dramatic significance of the role, sometimes ahead of
technique, but lagging behind in content.
In the complex training of a professional artist, it is necessary
knowledge musical culture, history, literature and screenwriting
dramaturgy. At the same time, from the age of seven, children pass
gymnastic training, because the ballets of the past,
preserved to this day, technically improved,
and modern ballet on a classical basis, for example, ballet
Forsythe, requires serious physical training, so
ballerina Sylvie Guillaume started her creative way since
gymnastics.
Ancient ballets had a sublime aesthetic, sometimes staged
on antique subjects, for example, the production of Charles Didelot "Zephyr and
Flora".

New wave romanticism appeared in ballet at the beginning
XX century, its forerunner was the choreographer
Mikhail Fokin
In Russia, until the 20th century, the teaching of choreography,
music, drama and various
applied theatrical professions was conducted in one
educational institution - the Imperial Theater
school. Depending on the success of the children, they were determined or
transferred to the appropriate department. After
revolution of 1917, the schools were divided and the ballet
education began to exist autonomously. At the same
time in many theaters a mixed
repertoire: dramatic performances
alternated with operetta and ballet
divertissements, for example, in addition to productions in
Bolshoi, Kasyan Goleizovsky staged ballet
performances in bat"and in the" Mammoth Theater
miniatures", among which was the production of "Les
Tableaux vivants", meaning "animated picture", so
as Goleizovsky, first of all, was an artist.
This phenomenon develops in modern ballet, as
“animated picture”, “animated photograph” and “revived
sculpture"

CHOREOGRAPHIC TERMS

ballet terms.
Choreographic terminology - a system of special names,
intended to indicate exercises or concepts that are briefly explained
or hard to describe.
In the 17th century, in 1701, the Frenchman Raoul Feyet created a system for recording the elements of the classical
dance. These terms are recognized by specialists in the field of world choreography and in
present time.
"Inversion position of the legs", and this is a necessary and indispensable condition
techniques for performing elements of classical dance.
"Balloon" - the ability to fix a pose in a jump,
"Force" - necessary preparatory movement hands to perform pirouettes,
"Aplomb" - the stable position of the practitioner,
"Elevation" - the dancer's ability to show the maximum phase of flight in a jump,
"Priporacion" - preparatory exercises with an arm or leg before starting
element execution,
"Cross" - the execution of elements in the following directions: forward, to the side, back,
to the side or in the opposite direction.
This is the international language of dance, the opportunity to communicate with choreographers, understanding
special literature. Terminology is always built in accordance with the rules
word formation.
The main advantage of the term is brevity.

SWAN LAKE Composer: Pyotr Ilyich TCHAIKOVSKY

"SWAN LAKE"
COMPOSER: PETER ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY
Not to be missed is this famous masterpiece.
Russian composer in four acts, thanks to
to which the German legend of the beautiful
the swan girl is immortalized in the eyes of connoisseurs
art. According to the plot, the prince in love with
the swan queen, betrays her, but even
realizing the mistake does not save him or him
beloved from the raging elements. Image
the main character - Odette - as if complements
gallery of female symbols created
composer in his lifetime. It is noteworthy that
the author of the ballet plot is still
unknown, and never on any poster
the names of the librettists were listed. For the first time the ballet was
presented back in 1877 on the stage of the Bolshoi
theater, but the first option was recognized
unsuccessful.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky May 7, 1840 - November 6, 1893

PETER ILYICCH TCHAIKOVSKY7
MAY 1840 - NOVEMBER 6, 1893
Russian composer
Russian composer, teacher, conductor and
musical critic. As a professional composer Tchaikovsky
formed in the years 1860-1870,
marked by a great rise
social and cultural life
Russian Empire: multifaceted
development of Russian music, literature and
painting, the flourishing of the domestic
natural sciences, bright conquests in
areas of philosophy and aesthetics.

"The Nutcracker" Composer: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

"NUTCRACKER"
COMPOSER: PETER ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY
The Nutcracker was first introduced
to the public in 1892 on the stage of the famous
Mariinsky Theatre. At the heart of his story
lies Hoffmann's tale "The Nutcracker and
mouse king. The struggle of generations
confrontation between good and evil,
the wisdom behind the mask
deep philosophical meaning fairy tales
dressed in bright musical images,
understandable to the youngest viewers. Action
unfolds in winter, on Christmas Eve,
when all wishes can come true - and
it adds extra charm
magical story. In this fairy tale
everything is possible: cherished desires will become
reality, the masks of hypocrisy will fall, and
injustice will surely
defeated.

Russian ballet

Music teacher GBOU secondary school №167,

Central region

Yatsenko M.V.

Ballet is a musical genre

Ballet (from the Italian "ballo" I dance) is a certain academic form of dance technique and music.

It usually includes dance, mime, action and music (usually orchestral but sometimes vocal)

A ballet is based on a plot, a dramatic idea, a libretto, but there are also ballets without a plot. The main types of dance in ballet are classical dance and character dance. An important role is played by pantomime, with the help of which the actors convey the feelings of the characters, their "conversation" among themselves, the essence of what is happening. Elements of gymnastics and acrobatics are also widely used in modern ballet.

ballet technique

Ballet is the most famous dance act due to its unique features and techniques:

• pointe work,
• leg turns
• big stretch marks,
• Graceful, smooth, precise movements
• airiness.

• The main court genre in the 17th century was ballet. It was developed in Italy and France. These two countries have done a lot for the choreography, especially France. For the first time in France, dance performances began to be staged and the dancers stood on half toes , performed jumps, spins, quick runs. Ballet was popular in the court environment and even the king Louis XIV danced the main parts of the ballet and was the central figure in the dance.

Relationship between ballet and other arts

Ballet is a synthetic art form

The music is composed by the composer and the dancers perform their parts to the music

• Literature - the librettist writes the content of the performance or a ballet performance is staged according to famous works writers, for example: Shakespeare "Romeo and Juliet", Hoffmann "The Nutcracker", Charles Perrault "Sleeping Beauty", "Cinderella"
• Choreographer puts dance numbers

• Variations - solo dance of the hero.
• Pas de deux is the dance of two heroes.
• Pas de trois is the dance of three heroes.
• The corps de ballet is a great general dance.
• Character dance - different pantomime and unusual choreography.
• Batman - 90 degree leg raise.
• Grand Batman - leg raise 180 degrees.
• Fuete - rotation in place on one leg.
• Plie - squat on the eversion of the feet.

ballet tutu

A tutu is a tight skirt used in ballet for dancers.

The first tutu was made in 1839 for Marie Taglioni after a drawing by the artist Eugène Lamy.

The style and shape of the pack has changed over time. AT late XIX century Anna Pavlova's tutu was very different from the modern one, it was longer and thinner. At the beginning of the 20th century came the fashion for tutus decorated with feathers and precious stones. AT Soviet time the pack became short and wide.

Overjoyed, Giselle dances her best dance. Albert joins her. Hans suddenly runs up, roughly pushes them aside and, pointing to Albert, reproaches him for dishonesty. Everyone is outraged by the arrogance of the forester. Then, in confirmation of his words, Hans shows Albert's jewel-studded weapon, which he discovered in the hunting lodge, where Albert was changing clothes. Giselle is shocked and demands an explanation from Albert. He tries to calm her down, snatches the sword from Hans, draws it and rushes at the offender. Wilfrid arrived in time to stop his master in order to prevent the murder. Hans blows a hunting horn. Alarmed by an unexpected signal, the participants in the hunt, led by the duke and Bathilda, leave the house. Seeing Albert in a peasant dress, they express extreme surprise; he is confused and tries to explain something. The retinue of the duke bows so respectfully to Albert, and the distinguished guests greet him so cordially that the unfortunate girl has no doubts: she is deceived. When Albert approaches Bathilde and kisses her hand, Giselle runs up to her and says that Albert swore allegiance to her, that he loves her. Outraged by Giselle's claims, Bathilde shows her her wedding ring - she is Albert's fiancee. Giselle tears off the golden chain given to her by Bathilda, throws it on the ground and, sobbing, falls into her mother's arms. Not only Giselle's friends and fellow villagers, but even the duke's courtiers are full of sympathy for the unfortunate girl. Giselle is in despair. Her mind is shattered. She is dying.

slide 1

Ballet
Mikhailina Alina 10B

slide 2

Ballet is a musical genre
Ballet (from the Italian "ballo" I dance) is a certain academic form of dance technique and music. It usually includes dance, pantomime, action and music (usually orchestral, but sometimes vocal). The ballet is based on some kind of plot, dramatic idea, libretto, but there are also plotless ballets. The main types of dance in ballet are classical dance and character dance. An important role is played by pantomime, with the help of which the actors convey the feelings of the characters, their "conversation" among themselves, the essence of what is happening. Elements of gymnastics and acrobatics are also widely used in modern ballet.

slide 3

ballet technique
Ballet is the most famous dance action because of its unique features and techniques: pointe work, leg turns, large stretches, graceful, fluid, precise airy movements.

slide 4

Origins of ballet
Dance runs through history. Story-dance traditions developed in China, India, Indonesia and Ancient Greece. Theatrical dance was known in the wider arena ancient Greek theater. When the Roman Empire conquered Greece, they adopted Greek dance and theater with their art and culture. The dance remained important in the Middle Ages, despite the suppression by the Church. The art of ballet did not appear until the late 1400s.

slide 5

Where was classical ballet born?
The main court genre in the 17th century was ballet. It was developed in Italy and France. These two countries have done a lot for the choreography, especially France. For the first time in France, dance performances began to be staged and the dancers stood on their toes, performed jumps, spins, and quick runs. Ballet was popular in the court environment and even King Louis XIV danced the main parts of the ballet and was the central figure in the dance.

slide 6

Who composes the ballet
Composer - music. The librettist is the content. Ballet master - choreography.

Slide 7

Relationship between ballet and other arts
The music is composed by the composer and the dancers perform their parts to the music Literature - the librettist writes the content of the performance or a ballet performance is staged based on famous works of writers, for example: Shakespeare "Romeo and Juliet", Hoffmann "The Nutcracker", Charles Perrault "Sleeping Beauty", "Cinderella" Choreographer puts on dance numbers Ballet is a synthetic art form

Slide 8

Who performs the ballet.
Ballerinas are soloists. Dancers are soloists. Corps de ballet. Conductor. Symphony Orchestra.

Slide 9

ballet terms
Variations - solo dance of the hero. Pas de deux is the dance of two heroes. Pas de trois is the dance of three heroes. The corps de ballet is a great general dance. Character dance - different pantomime and unusual choreography. Batman - 90 degree leg raise. Grand Batman - leg raise 180 degrees. Fuete - rotation in place on one leg. Plie - squat on the eversion of the feet.

Slide 10

Pas-de-deux (pas-de-de)

slide 11

Variations

slide 12

Corps de ballet

slide 13

Batman and grand batman

Slide 14

Character dance and pantomime

slide 15

Batman, plie.

slide 16

Slide 17

ballet tutu
A tutu is a tight skirt used in ballet for dancers. The first tutu was made in 1839 for Marie Taglioni after a drawing by the artist Eugène Lamy. The style and shape of the pack has changed over time. At the end of the 19th century, Anna Pavlova's tutu was very different from the modern one, it was longer and thinner. At the beginning of the 20th century came the fashion for tutus decorated with feathers and precious stones. In Soviet times, the pack became short and wide.

Slide 18

Tutu - special clothes for ballet

Slide 19

Slide 20

Pointe shoes
The word pointe comes from the French "tip". French ballerinas could boast of being able to stand on their fingertips and perform complex elements at the same time. To facilitate such a dance, pointe shoes began to be used, which fixed the leg and allowed the ballerina to maintain balance. Modern pointe shoes are made of satin material, most often pointe shoes are ordered by the master for a particular ballerina. This is necessary so that they securely fasten the foot. A compacted material is placed in the toe of the ballet shoe, and the tapes intercept the leg at the ankle. Dance on pointe shoes is distinguished by a special grace and virtuosity of performance.

slide 21

Pointe shoes are special ballerina shoes that allow you to stand on half toes.

slide 22

Through hardship to the stars
The ballet is beautiful and complex view art, which requires enormous titanic and hard work from artists. Ballet starts from childhood. Daily rehearsals, stretching exercises take a lot of time. Those who doom themselves to such labor devote their entire lives to this cause.

slide 23

World stars. Anna Pavlova

slide 24