And I didn’t read it - in history, in a fairy tale, -
May the path of true love be smooth.
W. Shakespeare
M. Bulgakov believed that life is love and hate, courage and excitement, the ability to appreciate beauty and kindness. But love... it comes first. Bulgakov wrote the heroine of his novel with Elena Sergeevna, the beloved woman who was his wife. Soon after they met, she took on her shoulders, perhaps most of him, the Master, a terrible burden, became his Margarita.
The story of the Master and Margarita is not one of the lines of the novel, but its main theme. All the events, all the diversity of the novel, converge to it.
They did not just meet, fate pushed them at the corner of Tverskaya and the lane. Love struck both like lightning, like a Finnish knife. “Love jumped out in front of them, like a murderer jumping out of the ground in an alley ...” - this is how Bulgakov describes the emergence of love among his heroes. Already these comparisons foreshadow the future tragedy of their love. But in the beginning everything was very calm.
When they first met, they spoke as if they had known each other for a long time. The violently flared love, it seemed, should burn people to the ground, but she turned out to have a homely and quiet character. In the basement apartment of the Master, Margarita, wearing an apron, hosted while her beloved worked on a novel. The lovers baked potatoes, ate them with dirty hands, laughed. Not disgusting things were put in a vase yellow flowers, and roses beloved by both. Margarita was the first to read the already finished pages of the novel, hurried the author, promised him glory, began to call him the Master. The phrases of the novel, which she especially liked, she repeated loudly and in a singsong voice. She said that in this novel her life. This was an inspiration for the Master, her words strengthened his self-confidence.
Bulgakov very carefully and chastely talks about the love of his heroes. She was not killed by the dark days when the Master's novel was destroyed. Love was with them even during the serious illness of the Master. The tragedy began when the Master disappeared for many months. Margarita tirelessly thought of him, not for a moment did her heart part with him. Even when it seemed to her that her beloved was gone. The desire to know at least something about his fate defeats the mind, and then the diaboliada begins, in which Margarita participates. In all demonic adventures she is accompanied by loving look writer. The pages dedicated to Margarita are Bulgakov's poem to the glory of his beloved, Elena Sergeevna. With her, the writer was ready to make "his last flight." So he wrote to his wife on a donated copy of his collection "Diaboliad".
With the power of her love, Margarita returns the Master from non-existence. Bulgakov did not come up with a happy ending for all the heroes of his novel: as it was before the invasion of the satanic team in Moscow, it remains so. And only for the Master and Margarita, Bulgakov, as he believed, wrote a happy ending: they will have eternal peace in the eternal home, which the Master was given as a reward.
The lovers will enjoy the silence, those whom they love will come to them... The Master will fall asleep with a smile, and she will forever protect his sleep. “The master silently walked with her and listened. His restless memory began to fade, ”this is how the story of this tragic love ends.
And although in the last words - the sadness of death, but there is also a promise of immortality and eternal life. It comes true today: the Master and Margarita, like their creator, is destined long life. Many generations will read this satirical, philosophical, but most importantly - lyric-love novel, which confirmed that the tragedy of love is a tradition of all Russian literature.
>Compositions based on The Master and Margarita
The love story of the Master and Margarita
Many critics believe that the Master repeats the life of the author, since M. A. Bulgakov was also a historian by education and once worked in a museum. His manuscripts were also rejected and not allowed to be printed. In the novel, the Master wrote a brilliant work about last days Yeshua Ha-Nozri, but his work was not only refused to be printed, but also subjected to harsh criticism. After that, the Master burned his novel, lost faith in himself and became seriously ill. He spent some time in psychiatric hospital, where he met the failed poet Ivan Bezdomny.
To family joys this hero was indifferent. He couldn't even remember his name ex-wife. But everything changed when he met Margarita. Despite the fact that she was married, this young, beautiful and wealthy Muscovite fell in love with the talented writer and his book with all her heart. She became not just the beloved of the Master, but his reliable and faithful assistant. However, the relationship of this couple was not simple. They were destined to go through many trials. Even the “yellow flowers” that Margarita had in her hands at their first meeting warned them about this.
If the Master is the personification of creativity in the novel, then Margarita is the personification of love. For the sake of her beloved and the success of his work, she first left her lawful spouse, and then sold her soul to the devil. Azazello introduced her to Woland. He also prepared a cream for her, using which, she turned into an invisible witch and flew at night. But true love has no barriers. In the guise of a witch, she took revenge on the critic Latunsky, who slandered a passage from the Master's novel, and then accepted Woland's offer to be queen at Satan's coven.
She adequately endured all the trials for the sake of meeting with the master. For this, Woland reunited them again and returned a copy of his work to the master, adding that "manuscripts do not burn." Noticing that the lovers were surrounded by miserable, hypocritical and worthless people, Woland decided to take them into his retinue. For the sake of their love, the master and Margarita agreed to renounce earthly life and be transported to another dimension, where the master could continue to create. Thus, they immortalized their love, which later became an ideal for many people living on earth.
"He who loves must share the fate of the one he loves"
Most famous novel Bulgakov's "Master and Margarita" is a multi-layered work, in which there are several plans (including temporary ones), many themes, rich problems and a bitter satire on society under the yoke of the Stalinist regime. Writers who denounce the vices of society, individual citizens or the political regime always want to ask: "Who is to blame - have we already understood what to do?". Unlike many of them, Mikhail Bulgakov gives the answer: salvation is in love. Not in religion, not in another political system, not in hermitage and oblivion, but in all-consuming, courageous, selfless love.
The relationship between the Master and Margarita is forbidden from the point of view of public morality. She is a wife successful person he is alone. The disgraced writer could not fit into Soviet life, and it was dangerous to greet him. In the repressive Stalinist times, the authorities spared no one: the victims of an unprecedented genocide (when the ruler exterminates his own people) number in the millions. It is not surprising that the Master wanted to save Margarita from the fate of the wife of a criminal, and, perhaps, a widow, and an exile, and a prisoner. Taken by whole families. He could not offer the chosen one even a tenth of what her husband provided for her.
Margarita, in turn, could not just take and leave the family. With such a rash act, she would not leave her beloved a choice, he would be forced to earn money, that is, he must strangle the creator in himself, thinking person, an honest and free man. Margarita could kill the Master in her lover? No. Therefore, they remained lovers and keenly felt their humiliating, servile position; a life of lies oppressed these sincere people. Thus, their union from the very beginning was doomed to martyrdom, even if they were married legally.
But what is legal marriage? This society ridiculed by Bulgakov decides what is legal? Or cruel power, mired in vices? Probably, marriage can only be called a civil union, that is, relations between citizens. People are citizens in relation to the state. But what right does the state have to teach us morality? Is this the state that exterminates, poisons and humiliates us? Nobody but themselves loving people, cannot judge whether their feeling is moral. How many virtuous wives will share any fate with her husband? Unfortunately no. Their oaths are empty formalities. And Margarita, without promises and promises, made a deal with the devil, just to find out what happened to the Master. She sacrificed not only her body, but also her soul. The two are bound by an inseparable bond.
The Master also donated. When he got under arrest, and then in a lunatic asylum, he did not look for a way to inform Margot about his trouble. She, using her husband's connections and money, could do something for her lover, or at least brighten up his leisure. But he, on the contrary, tried to erase her from his memory, hoping that she would forget him, that she would at least live in safety and comfort. For the good of the beloved woman, the Master wanted to leave her heart, to free her, because without him Margarita could count on a calm, secure existence. The highest power of this love is in complete self-denial. The same silent feat was accomplished, for example, by Zheltkov in " Garnet bracelet» Kuprin.
Margarita's love lies not only in sacrifice, but also in the fact that she accepted and understood the Creator in her beloved. She loved his novel, perceived his fate as her own. Destroying the apartment of the critic Latunsky, Margot took revenge for the offended, unaccepted creativity of the Master, took revenge for all the rejected and forgotten free art. In this fragment, she is the vengeful Clio, the muse of history. Under its blows, the deceitful opportunism that portrays culture in front of the dictator perishes. Not many women can share the husband's calling, his divine destiny. Margot, on the other hand, understands everything, and therefore takes care and protects the Master, who is less adapted to practical life.
Political realities, it must be said, do not depend much on society. Similarly, society depends little on the individual. He comes into society and either accepts its charter, or brings his own and pays for it. If the situation in the surrounding world squeezes a person out of a slave, then how can one accept it? The only way to maintain identity and sanity is to love so much that best qualities prevailed over the worst, and external world receded into the background and could not take away freedom from the individual. Today, no one takes away anything, we ourselves give up independence for illusory benefits, a career, ostentatious success and pseudo-happiness, indistinguishable from comfort. Bulgakov foresaw this and wanted to warn the reader. The most important thing is harmony in inner world, it depends only on us and on our ability to accept love "like a killer from around the corner."
Interesting? Save it on your wall!(based on the novel by M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")
What do we remember when we hear the name "Mikhail Bulgakov"? Of course, "The Master and Margarita". Why? The answer is simple: here the question is raised about eternal values - good and evil, life and death, spirituality and lack of spirituality. This is a satirical novel, a novel about the essence of art, the fate of the artist. But still, for me, this is primarily a novel about true, faithful, eternal love. Novels in most cases fully correspond to their title, and main topic they have love. In the novel The Master and Margarita, the author touches on this topic only in the second part. It seems to me that Bulgakov does this in order to prepare the reader, for him love is ambiguous, for him it is multifaceted. The whole love story of the Master and Margarita is a challenge to the surrounding routine, vulgarity, a protest against conformism, that is, passive acceptance of the existing order of things, unwillingness to resist circumstances. With its painful nonsense, this "ordinary" brings a person to despair, when it is time to shout, like Pilate: "Oh gods, my gods, poison me, poison!". And it's scary, scary when vulgarity crushes. But when the Master says to Ivan: “My life, I must say, did not turn out quite normally ...”, a fresh, saving stream bursts into the novel, although it is a tragic refutation of the routine that can swallow life.
By completely changing the theme of Faust, Bulgakov forces not the Master, but Margarita to contact the devil and enter the world of black magic. The only character who dares to make a deal with the devil is the cheerful, restless and courageous Margarita, ready to risk anything just to find her lover. Faust, of course, did not sell his soul to the devil for the sake of love - he was driven by a passion for the fullest possible knowledge of life. It is interesting that in the novel, which, at first glance, so strongly resembles Faust, there is not a single hero who would correspond to the protagonist Goethe. Undoubtedly, only the similarity of worldviews underlying these two works. In both cases, we are faced with the theory of the coexistence of opposites, with the idea that a person has the right to make mistakes, but at the same time he is obliged to strive for something that takes him beyond the limits of animal existence, everyday life, obediently stagnant life. There is, of course, another important similarity - both Faust and the Master receive salvation from loving women.
And what is interesting: Margarita, this witch who surrendered to the will of the devil, turns out to be a more positive character than the Master. She is faithful, purposeful, it is she who pulls her beloved out of the oblivion of a madhouse. The master, on the other hand, is an artist who opposes society, faint-hearted, unable to fully fulfill the requirements of his gift, surrenders as soon as he has to suffer for art, resigns himself to reality, and it is no coincidence that the Moon turns out to be his last destination. The master did not fulfill his duty, he could not continue writing. The master is broken, he has stopped fighting, he only wants peace...
There is no place for hatred and despair in Bulgakov's novel. That hatred and revenge that Margarita is filled with, breaking windows of houses and drowning apartments, is more likely not revenge, but cheerful hooliganism, the opportunity to fool around, which the devil gives her. The key phrase of the novel is standing right in its middle, noticed by many, but not explained by anyone: “Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no true, true, eternal love in the world? Let the liar cut out his vile tongue! Follow me, my reader, and only me, and I will show you such love! The author, creating the main characters, endows them with extraordinary sensuality and hearts filled with love for each other, but he also separates them. He sends Woland, Satan, to help them. But why, it would seem, such a feeling as love helps devilry? Bulgakov does not divide this feeling into light and dark, does not attribute it to any category. This is an eternal feeling. Love is the same force, the same "eternal" as life or death, as light or darkness. Love can be vicious, but it can also be divine, love in all its manifestations, first of all, remains love. Bulgakov calls love real, true and eternal, and not heavenly, divine or heavenly, he correlates it with eternity, like heaven or hell.
All-forgiving and all-redeeming love - Bulgakov writes about it. Forgiveness overtakes everyone and everyone, inevitably, like fate: and the checkered gaer, known as Koroviev-Fagot, and the young page boy - the cat Behemoth, and the procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate, and the romantic Master, and his beloved. The writer shows that earthly love is heavenly love: appearance, clothes, era, time, place of life and place in eternity can change, but the love that overtook you once strikes you in the heart once and for all. Love remains the same in all times and in all eternities that we are destined to experience. She endows the heroes of the novel with the energy of forgiveness, the energy that Pontius Pilate yearns for in the novel of Master Yeshua and for which Pontius Pilate yearns for two thousand years. Bulgakov managed to penetrate into the human soul and saw that it is the place where earth and sky converge. And then the author invents a place of peace and immortality for loving and devoted hearts: “Here is your home, here is your eternal home,” says Margarita, and somewhere far away she is echoed by the voice of another poet who has passed this road to the end:
Death and Time reign on earth, -
You do not call them masters;
Everything, whirling, disappears into the mist,
Only the sun of love is motionless.
Love ... It is she who gives the novel mystery and originality. Love is poetic, this is the force that drives all the events of the novel. For her sake, everything changes and everything happens. Woland and his retinue bow before her, Yeshua looks at her from his light and admires her. Love at first sight, tragic and eternal, like the world. It is this kind of love that the heroes of the novel receive as a gift, and it helps them survive and find eternal happiness, eternal peace ...
The novel "The Master and Margarita" is dedicated to the history of the master - a creative person who opposes the world around him. The history of the master is inextricably linked with the history of his beloved. In the second part of the novel, the author promises to show "true, faithful, eternal love"....
I would like to talk about perhaps the most significant work of Mikhail Bulgakov "Master and Margarita". The Master and Margarita is a historical and philosophical novel. It differs from others in that it contains, as it were, two novels. The chapters of these novels...
The novel by M. A. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita” is a multifaceted work in which three main storylines are intricately intertwined: the story of Christ, which is at the same time the Master’s novel; the relationship between the Master and Margarita; events related...
Everything that Bulgakov experienced in his lifetime, both happy and difficult, - he gave all his main thoughts and discoveries, all his soul and all his talent to the novel The Master and Margarita. Bulgakov wrote The Master and Margarita as a historically and psychologically reliable book...
Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no true, true, eternal love in the world? .. Follow me, my reader, and only me, and I will show you such love! M. Bulgakov In history classical literature there are many works that have become a reflection of the era. But one of them occupies a special position. This is the creation of the hands of the great master of the word) and to this day remains a cult for a whole series of generations. It is absolutely clear that we are talking about the novel by M. A. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”. This work is a mystical unity
Everyday historical reality and bold, even outright fantasy. Most likely, it is this feature that does not allow putting the novel on a par with the works of other great classics. M. Bulgakov can safely be called a revolutionary in literature. Religious motifs permeate the ideological outline of the novel with a thin thread, where foreground all the same, social and political issues come up. However, one should not dwell on consideration of such large-scale problems. We are now more interested in another topic. There is no doubt that in the vast majority of works known to mankind today, one way or another, one of the central provisions is the question of the possibility of developing relations between a man and a woman. This is a classic. But M. Bulgakov is original here too. His story is full of mysteries, but at the same time it is clear, logical and strict. The appearance of heroes, as well as their further fate, is very spontaneous, unexpected. We meet the Master only in the thirteenth chapter of the novel. He enters through the balcony into the ward of the poet Ivan Bezdomny. “Shaved, dark-haired, with a sharp nose, anxious eyes and with tufts of hair hanging over his forehead, a man about thirty years old,” writes M. Bulgakov about the Master. A typical portrait in a rather atypical situation. It has long been known that the strongest feeling is born in time. Passion, which instantly flared up like a fire, just as quickly goes out. Examples are not only cases from life, but also literary plots. So, let's say, in one of the brightest and famous works I. Bunina " Sunstroke”The passion that pierced the heroes through and through, not finding the strength to grow into something more, disappeared, leaving only pleasant memories of itself. But such a development of events does not suit M. Bulgakov. He goes further: to the very heart, to the very soul, he wounds his heroes. “Love jumped out in front of us, like a murderer jumping out of the ground in an alley, hit us both at once ...” - says the Master about the fateful meeting with Margarita. They don't need time, they don't need proof and stupid compliments. Everything is clear without words. Consciousness seemed to have programmed for love, desperate, devoted, gratuitous love. The unexpected acquaintance of the characters may surprise the reader: their eyes met, and everything else became just a formality. “She came to me every day, but I started waiting for her in the morning,” Master says. Amazing devotion, if not for a small correction: “... she lived with another person ... and I was there then ... with this one ...” How is it? On the one hand, sincere love, on the other - impudent betrayal. However, in this story, justifying or condemning the heroes is an absolutely unnecessary exercise, because none of us knows if it was possible to act differently in such a situation ...
The action progresses rapidly. It can be said without exaggeration that the master's novel about Pontius Pilate played a key role in the relationship of the characters, which determined, even controlled everything. further developments. Everything that happened to the heroes was completely and completely under the power of the fatal manuscript. The sacrificial relationship between the Master and Margarita is seen throughout the entire work. To the greatest extent, this, of course, is reflected in the actions of the heroine. And again we can observe the image of a Russian woman, beloved by the authors, who lives for the sake of love and loves for the sake of life, ready for hardship and torment in the name of her lover and a bright future together with him. The meeting of Margarita and Azazello in this context of the work turned out to be obvious and absolutely logical. “I was sent to invite you to visit tonight. - What are you talking about, what guests? “To a certain very distinguished foreigner,” the red-haired man said significantly, screwing up his eyes. Margarita was very angry... - Bastard! - she answered, turning around, and immediately heard the voice of a redhead behind her: - The darkness that came from the Mediterranean Sea covered the city hated by the procurator. Suspension bridges connecting the temple with the terrible Anthony Tower disappeared ... Yershalaim, the great city, disappeared ... ”. The risk was great. The cream and Satan's ball scam is brilliant. But, on the other hand, Margarita's life without the Master no longer had any meaning, and therefore there was nothing to lose. There remains an alternative: to suffer until the end of days, torment your soul with thoughts about him and live out minutes in a cowardly expectation of a meeting, or smear your body with cream, and then, after waiting for a phone call, saddle a brush and take off over the streets of Moscow. For Margarita, the choice became obvious. Probably not in vain they say that only crazy people are capable of a real feeling. “I know what I'm getting into. But I do everything because of him, because I have no more hope for anything in the world. But I want to tell you that if you destroy me, you will be ashamed! Yes, shame! I'm dying for love!" Suffering and hellish torment had to endure the heroine. And now everything is behind, and the iron robe, and the deceased guests, and Frida. The meeting of the Master and Margarita was the logical finale of this solemn night: “Margarita immediately recognized him, groaned, clasped her hands and ran up to him. She kissed him on the forehead, on the lips, pressing against her prickly cheek, and the long-held tears now ran in streams down her cheek ... ”And only peace and tranquility, harmony and quiet joys lie ahead. I wonder what would have happened if the heroes had not met then? Maybe this story would have taken a different turn? Although, how do you know...
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Essay on literature on the topic: Fatal love of the Master and Margarita
Other writings:
- Bulgakov wrote genius novel"The Master and Margarita". This novel has been revised several times. The novel is not divided into two parts: the biblical story and the love of the Master and Margarita. Bulgakov asserts the priority of simple human feelings over any social relations in the novel itself. Mikhail Afanasyevich loses in Read More ......
- From that very night, Margarita for a long time did not see the one for whom she wanted to leave her husband, leaving everything behind; one for which she was not afraid to ruin her own life. But neither in her nor in him did the great feeling that arose at the first Read More ......
- Fate is a mystery that humanity has been trying to solve since ancient times. In the life of every person there may come a moment when he wants to know or even predetermine his fate. Sometimes a person may have a choice: either change their life, risking paying for Read More ......
- So, in the novel there is an interaction of three worlds: human (all people in the novel), biblical (biblical characters) and cosmic (Woland and his retinue). Compare: according to the theory of "three worlds" Skovoroda, the most main world- cosmic, the Universe, a comprehensive macrocosm. The other two worlds are private. Read More ......
- (Based on M. Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita") What do we remember when we hear the name "Mikhail Bulgakov"? Of course, "Master and Margarita". Why? The answer is simple: here the question of eternal values is raised - good and evil, life and death, spirituality and lack of spirituality. This Read More ......
- M. Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" can be called a bright and optimistic novel, despite all the suffering that the characters had to endure. Of course, the main character in this work is love as the main spokesman for the forces of Good on earth. The bearers of this feeling in the novel Read More ......
- After reading the novel, as they say, in one breath, you are left alone with the questions: is there any philosophical, moral sense? What is the starting point of those temporal coordinates in which the characters of Bulgakov's work exist? Points such as Read More ......
- Margarita - she plays in the novel very important role. This is a beautiful Muscovite, beloved of the Master. With the help of Margarita Bulgakov showed us perfect image wife of a genius. When she met the Master, she was married, but she did not love her husband and was completely unhappy. Then I realized that Read More ......