) in her expressive sweeping works was able to preserve the transparency of the fog, the lightness of the sail, the smooth rocking of the ship on the waves.
Her paintings amaze with their depth, volume, saturation, and the texture is such that it is impossible to take your eyes off them.
Warm simplicity Valentina Gubareva
Primitive artist from Minsk Valentin Gubarev not chasing fame and just doing what he loves. His work is insanely popular abroad, but almost unfamiliar to his compatriots. In the mid-90s, the French fell in love with his everyday sketches and signed a contract with the artist for 16 years. The paintings, which, it would seem, should be understandable only to us, the bearers of the "modest charm of undeveloped socialism", were liked by the European public, and exhibitions began in Switzerland, Germany, Great Britain and other countries.
Sensual realism by Sergei Marshennikov
Sergei Marshennikov is 41 years old. He lives in St. Petersburg and works in best traditions classical Russian school of realistic portraiture. The heroines of his paintings are tender and defenseless in their half-naked women. On many of the famous paintings the artist's muse and wife, Natalia, are depicted.
The Myopic World of Philip Barlow
AT modern era pictures high definition and the heyday of hyperrealism creativity Philip Barlow(Philip Barlow) immediately attracts attention. However, a certain effort is required from the viewer in order to force himself to look at blurry silhouettes and bright spots on the author's canvases. Probably, this is how people suffering from myopia see the world without glasses and contact lenses.
Sunny Bunnies by Laurent Parcelier
Laurent Parcelier's painting is wonderful world in which there is neither sadness nor despondency. You will not find gloomy and rainy pictures in him. On his canvases there is a lot of light, air and bright colors, which the artist applies with characteristic recognizable strokes. This creates the feeling that the paintings are woven from thousands of sunbeams.
Urban Dynamics in the Works of Jeremy Mann
Oil on wood panels by American artist Jeremy Mann paints dynamic portraits of a modern metropolis. “Abstract forms, lines, contrast of light and dark spots - everything creates a picture that evokes the feeling that a person experiences in the crowd and turmoil of the city, but can also express the calmness that one finds when contemplating quiet beauty,” says the artist.
The Illusory World of Neil Simon
In the paintings of the British artist Neil Simone (Neil Simone) everything is not what it seems at first glance. “For me, the world around me is a series of fragile and ever-changing shapes, shadows and boundaries,” says Simon. And in his paintings everything is really illusory and interconnected. Borders are washed away, and stories flow into each other.
The love drama of Joseph Lorasso
Italian-born contemporary American artist Joseph Lorusso transfers to canvas the scenes he saw in Everyday life ordinary people. Hugs and kisses, passionate impulses, moments of tenderness and desire fill his emotional pictures.
Village life of Dmitry Levin
Dmitry Levin is a recognized master of the Russian landscape, who has established himself as a talented representative of the Russian realistic school. The most important source of his art is his attachment to nature, which he loves tenderly and passionately and feels himself a part of.
Bright East Valery Blokhin
This list of famous landscape painters has been compiled by our editor, Neil Collins, M.A., LL.B. It represents his personal opinion about the ten best representatives of genre art. Like any compilation of this kind, it reveals more of the compiler's personal tastes than the position of landscape painters. So the top ten landscape painters and their landscapes.
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/best-landscape-artists.htm
#10 Thomas Cole (1801-1848) and Frederick Edwin Church (1826-1900)
In tenth place, two American artist.
Thomas Cole: The Greatest American Landscape Painter early XIX century and founder of the Hudson River School, Thomas Cole was born in England, where he worked as an engraver's apprentice before emigrating to the United States in 1818, where he quickly achieved recognition as a landscape painter, settling in the village of Catskill in the Hudson Valley. An admirer of Claude Lorraine and Turner, he visited England and Italy in 1829-1832, after which (thanks in part to the support he received from John Martin and Turner) he began to focus less on the depiction of natural landscapes and more on grandiose allegorical and historical topics. Largely impressed by the natural beauty of the American landscape, Cole filled much of his landscape art with great feeling and obvious romantic splendor.
Famous landscapes of Thomas Cole:
- "View of the Catskills - Early Autumn" (1837), oil on canvas, Metropolitan Museum, New York
- "American Lake" (1844), oil on canvas, Detroit Institute of Arts
Frederick Edwin Church
- "Niagara Falls" (1857), Corcoran, Washington
- "Heart of the Andes" (1859), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
- "Cotopaxi" (1862), Detroit Institute of Arts
#9 Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840)
Thoughtful, melancholic and somewhat reclusive, Caspar David Friedrich - greatest artist- landscape painter of the romantic tradition. Born near the Baltic Sea, he settled in Dresden, where he focused exclusively on spiritual connections and the meaning of the landscape, inspired by the silent silence of the forest, as well as light (sunrise, sunset, moonlight) and seasons. His genius lay in his ability to capture a hitherto unknown spiritual dimension in nature, which gives the landscape an emotional, incomparable mysticism.
Famous landscapes of Caspar David Friedrich:
- "Winter Landscape" (1811), oil on canvas, National Gallery, London
- "Landscape in Riesengebirge" (1830), oil on canvas, Pushkin Museum, Moscow
- Man and Woman Looking at the Moon (1830-1835), oil, National Gallery, Berlin
#8 Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)
Often called the "forgotten Impressionist", the Anglo-French Alfred Sisley was second only to Monet in his devotion to spontaneous plein airism: he was the only Impressionist who devoted himself exclusively to landscape painting. His seriously underestimated reputation is based on his ability to capture the unique effects of light and seasons in wide landscapes, sea and river scenes. His depiction of dawn and a cloudy day is especially memorable. Today he is not very popular, but is still considered one of the greatest representatives of Impressionist landscape painting. Could well be overrated, because, unlike Monet, his work never suffered from a lack of form.
Famous landscapes by Alfred Sisley:
- « Foggy morning» (1874), oil on canvas, Musée d'Orsay
- "Snow at Louveciennes" (1878), oil on canvas, Musée d'Orsay, Paris
- "Morette Bridge in the Sunlight" (1892), oil on canvas, private collection
#7 Albert Cuyp (1620-1691)
A Dutch realist painter, Aelbert Kuip is one of the most famous Dutch landscape painters. Its most magnificent picturesque views, river scenes and landscapes with calm cattle, show majestic serenity and masterful handling of bright light (early morning or evening sun) in the Italian style is a sign of Klodeev's great influence. This golden light often captures only the sides and edges of plants, clouds, or animals through impasto lighting effects. In this way, Cuyp turned his native Dordrecht into an imaginary world, reflecting it at the beginning or end of a perfect day, with an all-encompassing sense of stillness and security, and the harmony of everything with nature. Popular in Holland, it was highly regarded and collected in England.
Famous landscapes of Albert Cuyp:
- "View of Dordrecht from the North" (1650), oil on canvas, collection of Anthony de Rothschild
- “River landscape with horseman and peasants” (1658), oil, National Gallery, London
#6 Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796-1875)
Jean-Baptiste Corot, one of the greatest landscape painters of the romantic style, is famous for his unforgettable picturesque depiction of nature. His particularly subtle approach to distance, light and form depended on tone rather than drawing and color, giving the finished composition an air of endless romance. Less constrained by painterly theory, Corot's works are nonetheless among the world's most popular landscapes. Being permanent member Parisian Salon since 1827 and a member of the Barbizon School led by Théodore Rousseau (1812-1867), he had an enormous influence on other plein air painters such as Charles-Francois Doubigny (1817-1878), Camille Pissarro (1830-1903) and Alfred Sisley (1839-1899). He was also an unusually generous man who spent most of his money on artists in need.
Famous landscapes by Jean-Baptiste Corot:
- "The Bridge at Narni" (1826), oil on canvas, Louvre
- "Ville d'Avrey" (ca. 1867), oil on canvas, Brooklyn Art Museum, New York
- "Rural Landscape" (1875), oil on canvas, Musée Toulouse-Lautrec, Albi, France
#5 Jacob van Ruisdael (1628-1682)
- "The Mill at Wijk near Duarsted" (1670), oil on canvas, Rijksmuseum
- "Jewish Cemetery in Ouderkerk" (1670), Old Masters Gallery, Dresden
No. 4 Claude Lorrain (1600-1682)
French painter, draftsman and engraver active in Rome who is regarded by many art historians as the greatest painter of the idyllic landscape in the history of art. Since in a pure (that is, secular and non-classical) landscape, as in a conventional still life or genre painting, there was (in the 17th century in Rome) a lack of moral heaviness, Claude Lorrain introduced classical elements and mythological themes into his compositions, including gods, heroes and saints. In addition, his chosen environment, the countryside around Rome, was rich in ancient ruins. These classic Italian pastoral landscapes were also filled with a poetic light that represents his unique contribution to the art of landscape painting. Claude Lorraine particularly influenced English painters, both during his lifetime and for two centuries thereafter: John Constable called him "the finest landscape painter the world has ever seen".
Famous landscapes by Claude Lorrain:
- "Modern Rome - Campo Vaccino" (1636), oil on canvas, Louvre
- "Landscape with the wedding of Isaac and Rebecca" (1648), oil, National Gallery
- "Landscape with Tobius and the Angel" (1663), oil, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
- "Building a boat at Flatford" (1815), oil, Victoria and Albert Museum, London
- "Hay Cart" (1821), oil on canvas, National Gallery, London
No. 2 Claude Monet (1840-1926)
The greatest modern landscape painter and giant of French painting, Monet was the leading figure of the incredibly influential Impressionist movement, to whose principles of spontaneous plein air painting he remained true for the rest of his life. Close friend Impressionist artists Renoir and Pissarro, his desire for optical truth, primarily in the depiction of light, is represented by a series of canvases depicting the same object in different lighting conditions and at different times of the day, such as "Haystacks" (1888), Poplars (1891), Rouen Cathedral (1892) and River Thames (1899). This method culminated in the famous Water Lilies series (among all the most famous landscapes) created since 1883 in his garden at Giverny. His the last series monumental drawings of water lilies with shimmering flowers has been interpreted by several art historians and painters as an important precursor abstract art, and by others as the highest example of Monet's search for spontaneous naturalism.
Landscape is one of the genres of painting. Russian landscape is a very important genre for both Russian art and Russian culture in general. The landscape depicts nature. Natural landscapes, natural spaces. The landscape reflects the perception of nature by man.
Russian landscape in the 17th century
Saint John the Baptist in the Wilderness
The first building blocks for the development of landscape painting were laid by icons, the background of which was, in fact, landscapes. In the 17th century, the masters began to move away from icon-painting canons and try something new. It was from this time that painting ceased to "stand still" and began to develop.
Russian landscape in the 18th century
M.I. Maheev
In the 18th century, when Russian art joins the European art system, the landscape in Russian art becomes an independent genre. But at this time it is aimed at fixing the reality that surrounded the person. There were no cameras yet, but the desire to capture significant events or works of architecture was already strong. The first landscapes independent genre in art, were topographic views of St. Petersburg, Moscow, palaces and parks.
F.Ya. Alekseev. View of the Resurrection and Nikolsky Gates and the Neglinny Bridge from Tverskaya Street in Moscow
F.Ya. Alekseev
S.F. Shchedrin
Russian landscape at the beginning of the 19th century
F.M. Matveev. Italian landscape
At the beginning of the 19th century, Russian artists painted mainly Italy. Italy was considered the birthplace of art and creativity. Artists study abroad, imitate the manner of foreign masters. Russian nature is considered inexpressive, boring, therefore even native Russian artists paint foreign nature, preferring it as more interesting and artistic. Foreigners are warmly welcomed in Russia: painters, dance and fencing teachers. Russian high society speaks French. Russian young ladies are trained by French governesses. Everything foreign is considered a sign of high society, a sign of education and upbringing, and manifestations of Russian national culture- a sign of bad taste and rudeness. In the famous opera P.I. Tchaikovsky, based on the immortal story by A.S. Pushkin " Queen of Spades"The French governess scolds Princess Lisa for dancing "in Russian", it was a shame for a lady from high society.
S.F. Shchedrin. Small harbor in Sorrento overlooking the islands of Ischia and Procido
I.G. Davydov. Suburb of Rome
S.F. Shchedrin. Grotto of Matromanio on the island of Capri
Russian landscape in the middle of the 19th century
In the middle of the 19th century, the Russian intelligentsia and artists in particular began to think about the underestimation of Russian culture. Two opposite directions appear in Russian society: Westernizers and Slavophiles. Westerners believed that Russia was part of world history and excluded its national identity, while the Slavophiles believed that Russia was a special country, rich in culture and history. The Slavophils believed that the path of development of Russia should be fundamentally different from the European one, that Russian culture and Russian nature were worthy of being described in literature, depicted on canvases, and captured in musical works.
Below will be presented paintings, which will depict the landscapes of the Russian land. For ease of perception, the pictures will not be listed in chronological order and not by the authors, but by the seasons to which the paintings can be attributed.
Spring in the Russian landscape
Savrasov. The Rooks Have Arrived
Russian landscape. Savrasov "The Rooks Have Arrived"
Usually, spiritual uplift, expectation of joy, sun and warmth are associated with spring. But, in Savrasov’s painting “The Rooks Have Arrived”, we don’t see the sun or heat, and even the temple domes are written in gray, as if still unawakened colors.
Spring in Russia often begins with timid steps. The snow is melting, and the sky and trees are reflected in the puddles. Rooks are busy with their rook business - they build nests. The gnarled and bare trunks of birch trees become thinner, rising to the sky, as if reaching for it, gradually coming to life. The sky, at first glance gray, is filled with shades of blue, and the edges of the clouds are slightly lightened, as if the rays of the sun are peeping through.
At first glance, the picture can make a gloomy impression, and not everyone can feel the joy and triumph that the artist put into it. This painting was first presented at the first exhibition of the association of the Wanderers in 1871. And in the catalog of this exhibition it was called "The Rooks Have Arrived!" there was an exclamation point at the end of the name. And this joy, which is only expected, which is not yet in the picture, was expressed precisely by this exclamation point. Savrasov, even in the title itself, tried to convey the elusive joy of waiting for spring. Over time, the exclamation mark was lost and the picture became simply called "The Rooks Have Arrived."
It is this picture that begins the assertion of landscape painting as an equal, and in some periods the leading genre of Russian painting.
I. Levitan. March
Russian landscape. I. Levitan. March
March is a very dangerous month - on the one hand, the sun seems to be shining, but on the other, it can be very cold and dank.
This spring of air filled with light. Here, the joy of the arrival of spring is already more clearly felt. It is still as if it is not visible, it is only in the title of the picture. But, if you look closely, you can feel the warmth of the wall, warmed by the sun.
Blue, saturated, sonorous shadows not only from trees and their trunks, but also shadows in the snow ruts along which a person walked
M. Claude. On arable land
Russian landscape. M. Claude. On arable land
In the painting by Mikhail Claude, a person (unlike a modern urban dweller) lives in the same rhythm with nature. Nature sets the rhythm of life for a person who lives on earth. In the spring, a person plows this land, in the fall, he harvests. The foal in the picture is like a continuation of life.
Russian nature is characterized by flatness - you rarely see mountains or hills here. And this lack of tension and pathos Gogol amazingly accurately characterized as "the indissolubility of Russian nature." It was this “continuity” that Russian landscape painters of the 19th century sought to convey in their paintings.
Summer in the Russian landscape
Palenov. Moscow courtyard
Russian landscape. Palenov "Moscow courtyard"
One of the most charming pictures in Russian painting. Business card of Polenov. This is an urban landscape in which we see the ordinary life of Moscow boys and girls. Even the artist himself does not always understand the significance of his work. Here is depicted both a city estate and an already collapsed barn and children, a horse, and above all this we see a church. Here and the peasantry and the nobility and children and work and the Temple - all the signs of Russian life. The whole picture is permeated with air, sun and light - that's why it is so attractive and so pleasant to look at. The painting "Moscow Yard" warms the soul with its warmth and simplicity.
US Ambassador's Spass House
Today, on Spaso-Peskovsky Lane, on the site of the courtyard depicted by Palenov, there is the residence of the American ambassador Spass House.
I. Shishkin. Rye
Russian landscape. I. Shishkin. Rye
The life of a Russian person in the 19th century was closely connected with the rhythms of the life of nature: sowing grain, cultivating, harvesting. In Russian nature there is breadth and space. Artists try to convey this in their paintings.
Shishkin is called the "king of the forest", because he has most of all forest landscapes. And here we see a flat landscape with a sown rye field. At the very edge of the picture, the road begins, and, winding, runs among the fields. In the depths of the road, among the tall rye, we see peasant heads in red scarves. In the background, mighty pine trees are depicted, which, like giants, are striding through this field, on some we see signs of wilting. This is the life of nature - old trees wither, new ones appear. Overhead, the sky is very clear, and closer to the horizon, clouds begin to gather. A few minutes will pass and the clouds will move closer to the leading edge and it will rain. We are also reminded of this by birds that fly low above the ground - they are nailed there by air and atmosphere.
Initially, Shishkin wanted to call this painting "Motherland". While writing this picture, Shishkin thought about the image of the Russian land. But then he left this name so that there would be no unnecessary pathos. Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin loved simplicity and naturalness, believing that it was in simplicity that the truth of life was.
Autumn in the Russian landscape
Efimov-Volkov. October
Russian landscape. Efimov-Volkov. "October"
"There is in the autumn of the original ..."
Fedor Tyutchev
Is in the autumn of the original
Short but wonderful time -
The whole day stands as if crystal,
And radiant evenings ...
Where a peppy sickle walked and an ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere -
Only cobwebs of thin hair
Shines on an idle furrow.
The air is empty, the birds are no longer heard,
But far from the first winter storms -
And pure and warm azure pours
On the resting field…
Efimov-Volkov's painting "October" conveys the lyrics of autumn. On the foreground paintings - with great love the young Birch Grove. Fragile birch trunks and brown earth covered with autumn leaves.
L. Kamenev. Winter road
Russian landscape. L. Kamenev . "Winter road"
In the picture, the artist depicted an endless expanse of snow, a winter road along which a horse drags firewood with difficulty. A village and a forest can be seen in the distance. No sun, no moon, just a dull twilight. In the image of L. Kamenev, the road is covered with snow, few people drive along it, it leads to a village covered with snow, where there is no light in any window. The picture creates a dreary and sad mood.
I. Shishkin. In the wild north
M.Yu.Lermontov
"In the Wild North"
Stands alone in the wild north
On the bare top of a pine tree,
And dozing, swaying, and loose snow
She is dressed like a robe.
And she dreams of everything that is in the distant desert,
In the region where sun sunrise,
Alone and sad on a rock with fuel
A beautiful palm tree is growing.
I. Shishkin. "In the Wild North"
Shishkin's painting is artistic embodiment motive of loneliness, sung by Lermontov in the poetic work "Pine".
Elena Lebedeva, website graphic designer, computer graphics teacher.
Conducted a lesson on this article in high school. The children guessed the authors of the poems and the names of the paintings. Judging by their answers, schoolchildren know literature much better than art)))
Landscape occupies a special place in the fine arts of Russia. The name came about thanks to French word pays - area. Oil landscapes are images of nature in its natural or slightly modified state.
For the first time, landscape motifs appeared in ancient Russian icon painting. Independent landscapes of nature, which are types of palace parks, begin to appear in Russia in the 18th century. During the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna, the art of painting was actively developing, the first collection of engravings with views of St. Petersburg was published, where landscape images were also found.
The heyday of the landscape begins with the appearance of Semyon Fedorovich Shchedrin, who is rightfully called the founder of Russian landscape painting. The artist's biography includes several years of study abroad, where Shchedrin studied the basics of classicism, which were later reflected in his work.
Subsequently, other Russian landscape painters appeared: Fedor Alekseev - the founder of the urban landscape, Fedor Matveev - a master of landscapes in the best traditions of classicism.
The genres of fine arts in the second half of the 19th century were enriched with new directions. Landscape paintings created in different directions represented famous artists: Ivan Aivazovsky (romanticism), Ivan Shishkin (realism), Viktor Vasnetsov (fabulous-epic direction), Mikhail Klodt (epic landscapes) and others recognized masters painting.
To mid-nineteenth century, Russian painting "asserts" the plein air, as artistic technique that allows you to create beautiful landscapes. In its subsequent formation, a significant role was played by the development of impressionism, which significantly influenced the work of landscape painters. At the same time, a separate idea of "natural" perception is being formed - a lyrical landscape. In this direction, landscapes were made by artists: Alexei Savrasov, Arkhip Kuindzhi, Mikhail Nesterov.
Landscape oil painting of the 19th century reached its true heyday in the works of Isaac Levitan. The artist's painting is filled with a calm, piercingly poignant mood. The exhibition of the artist has always been a significant event in the art world, gathering a lot of visitors in all cities of Russia.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the "Union of Russian Artists" was formed, founded on the initiative of Konstantin Yuon, Abram Arkhipov and Igor Grabar. The main areas of creativity and many paintings of artists are characterized by love for the Russian landscape, both natural and urban.
Other types of fine arts are also developing - an active search is underway for alternative means of expression for landscape painting. Outstanding representatives new trends are becoming: Kazimir Malevich (avant-garde, autumn landscape"Red cavalry galloping"), Nikolai Krymov (symbolism, winter landscape " Winter evening”), Nikolai Dormidontov (neo-academism).
In the 30s art in the USSR is enriched with landscape socialist realism. One of its main representatives is George Nyssa and the work "Boys running out of the water." The onset of the “thaw” in the second half of the 1950s led to the restoration of the diversity of the “picturesque” language, which has been preserved in modern schools.
The majestic and diverse Russian painting always pleases the audience with its inconstancy and perfection. art forms. This is the peculiarity of the works famous masters art. They always surprised with their unusual approach to work, reverent attitude to the feelings and sensations of each person. Perhaps that is why Russian artists so often depicted portrait compositions that vividly combined emotional images and epicly calm motifs. No wonder Maxim Gorky once said that an artist is the heart of his country, the voice of the entire era. Indeed, the majestic and elegant paintings of Russian artists vividly convey the inspiration of their time. Like the aspirations of the famous author Anton Chekhov, many sought to bring into Russian paintings the unique flavor of their people, as well as the unquenchable dream of beauty. It is difficult to underestimate the extraordinary canvases of these masters of majestic art, because truly extraordinary works of various genres were born under their brush. Academic painting, portrait, historical picture, landscape, works of romanticism, modernity or symbolism - all of them still bring joy and inspiration to their viewers. Everyone finds in them something more than colorful colors, graceful lines and inimitable genres of world art. Perhaps such an abundance of forms and images that Russian painting surprises with is connected with the huge potential of the surrounding world of artists. Levitan also said that in every note of lush nature there is a majestic and unusual palette of colors. With such a beginning, a magnificent expanse appears for the artist's brush. Therefore, all Russian paintings are distinguished by their exquisite severity and attractive beauty, from which it is so difficult to break away.Russian painting is rightfully distinguished from the world art. The fact is that until the seventeenth century, domestic painting was associated exclusively with a religious theme. The situation changed with the coming to power of the tsar-reformer - Peter the Great. Thanks to his reforms, Russian masters began to engage in secular painting, and icon painting separated as a separate direction. The seventeenth century is the time of such artists as Simon Ushakov and Iosif Vladimirov. Then, in the Russian art world, the portrait was born and quickly became popular. In the eighteenth century, the first artists appeared who switched from portraiture to landscape painting. The pronounced sympathy of the masters for winter panoramas is noticeable. The eighteenth century was also remembered for the birth of everyday painting. In the nineteenth century, three trends gained popularity in Russia: romanticism, realism and classicism. As before, Russian artists continued to turn to the portrait genre. It was then that world-famous portraits and self-portraits of O. Kiprensky and V. Tropinin appeared. In the second half of the nineteenth century, artists more and more often depict the simple Russian people in their oppressed state. Realism becomes the central trend of painting of this period. It was then that the Wanderers appeared, depicting only real, real life. Well, the twentieth century is, of course, the avant-garde. The artists of that time significantly influenced both their followers in Russia and around the world. Their paintings became the forerunners of abstractionism. Russian painting is a huge wonderful world of talented artists who glorified Russia with their creations