The film “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…”: how do girls die? five girls went on a mission and everyone died.
The story of Boris Vasiliev and the film “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…” based on it leave an indelible impression. The viewer feels almost like a participant in the events, empathizing with the heroines and living with them until their last moment.
"Five girls, five in total"
There are five of them. Young, hastily trained and inexperienced. Only Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova could see the enemy in the face - they will last the longest.
Liza Brichkina , a girl who had practically no childhood, fell in love with a foreman.
Fedot Vaskov also singled her out among the rest.
But Lisa was not destined to find out the happy girl's fate - she left for help, and, not having time to reach her friends, drowned in the quagmire.
Sonya Gurvich - "Sparrow slut," as the foreman called the girl he did not understand. Clever and dreamy, she loved poetry and recited Blok by heart. Sonya dies from a Nazi knife when she runs after Vaskov's pouch.
Galya Chetvertak - the youngest and most direct. She is overwhelmed with childish joy from the fact that she was entrusted with a responsible task. However, deal with own fear failed, betrayed herself and was shot at point-blank range by a fascist line. The orphanage Galya died with a cry of "Mom".
Zhenya Komelkova - the brightest character. Lively, artistic and emotional, always attracts attention. She even got into the women's squad because of an affair with a married commander. Knowing that she will surely die, she leads the Nazis away from the wounded Rita and foreman Vaskov.
Husband Rita Osyanina died on the second day of the war. She would have raised her son, but she chose revenge for the death of her beloved. Resolute and courageous, Rita violated the order of the foreman Vaskov, did not leave the position. Badly wounded, she dies from her own bullet.
Yes, the war does not female face . Woman is the embodiment of life. And it is a pity that Rita's son will grow up without a mother, and the children of the other girls are not destined to be born at all.
The beginning of the 70s was literally illuminated by the light of "Zor". The people were reading the novel by Boris Vasiliev, “The Dawns Here Are Quiet,” published in 1969 in the journal Yunost. Two years later, readers were already breaking into the famous performance of "Taganka". And 45 years ago, a two-part film by Stanislav Rostotsky was released on the screens, which was watched by 66 million in the first year - every fourth inhabitant of the USSR, if we count infants. Despite subsequent film adaptations, the viewer gives the unconditional palm to this, mostly black and white, picture and generally considers it one of best films about war.
From the heroes of yesteryear
In those years, the war was often filmed, and filmed superbly. A film about five dead girls and their rude, but such a sincere foreman managed to stand out from this constellation. Probably because former front-line soldiers gave him their memories, soul, experience, starting with the author of the script, writer Boris Vasiliev.
He knew how to write about the war especially. His characters were never perfect. Vasiliev, as it were, said young reader: look, the same people as you went to the front - those who ran away from lessons, fought, fell in love at random. But something in them turned out to be like that, which means there is something in you.
The film director Stanislav Rostotsky also passed the front. Vasiliev's story interested Stanislav Iosifovich precisely because he wanted to make a movie about a woman in the war. He himself was carried out of the battle by nurse Anya Chegunova, who later became Beketova. Rostotsky found a savior who, as it turned out, reached Berlin, then got married and gave birth to beautiful children. But by the time the shooting was over, Anna was already blind and fading away from brain cancer. The director brought her to the studio screening room and recounted the whole picture in detail what was happening on the screen.
The main cameraman Vyacheslav Shumsky fought, main artist Sergei Serebrennikov, make-up artist Alexei Smirnov, assistant costume designer Valentin Galkin, director of the painting Grigory Rimalis. They simply physically could not allow untruths to appear on the screen.
Sergeant Major Vaskov: Andrey Martynov
The difficult task was to find actors - such that they would be believed. Rostotsky conceived: let someone famous play the foreman, and girls, on the contrary, debutantes. He chose Vyacheslav Tikhonov for the role of foreman Vaskov, and Boris Vasiliev believed that front-line soldier Georgy Yumatov would do the best. But it so happened that the search for "Vaskov" continued. The assistant saw the 26-year-old actor at the graduation performance.
Andrei Leonidovich was born in Ivanovo, from childhood he raved about the theater. And his hero was not only six years older, but also from the village, had a “corridor education”, he dropped his words - like he gave him a ruble.
The first tests were very unsuccessful, but, apparently, Rostotsky was very attracted to the type of actor and his perseverance. In the end, Martynov played Vaskov, so much so that the viewer unconditionally fell in love with this ridiculous foreman after his on-screen fighters. Martynov superbly conducted the final scenes of the film, where he, already gray-haired, one-armed, together with his adopted son, sets up a modest tombstone in honor of his girls.
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The actor had another star role- in the TV series "Eternal Call". Martynov successfully worked in film and theater. He voiced over 120 foreign films, including " Godfather and Schindler's List.
Life gave him a kind of surprise: his wife was a German citizen, whom he met at the festival. Franziska Thun spoke excellent Russian. The couple had a son, Sasha. But Andrei did not want to live in Germany, although at home his colleagues literally pecked him for marrying a foreigner. And Francis did not want to move to the USSR. Their union eventually fell apart.
Rita Osyanina - Irina Shevchuk
Rita is the only heroine who was married and became a widow in the very first days of the war. In the rear with her mother remained Small child, then Vaskov adopts him.
The painful personal drama of her heroine Shevchuk was helped to play by her complex romance with the actor Talgat Nigmatulin, who was then gaining popularity (Pirates of the 20th Century). But Irina had to experience the happiness of motherhood many years later. In 1981, she gave birth to a daughter, the famous actress Alexandra Afanasiev-Shevchuk (the girl’s father is composer Alexander Afanasiev).
Irina Borisovna successfully combines acting and public career. In 2016, she starred in the film Stolen Happiness. At the same time, Shevchuk is the vice-president of one of the largest film festivals in Russia, Kinoshock.
Zhenya Komelkova: Olga Ostroumova
By the time of the filming of "Dawn" Olga at the same Rostotsky played a memorable role in "We'll Live Until Monday." Zhenya Komelkova - bright, daring and heroic - was her dream.
In the film, Ostroumova, whose grandfather was a priest, had to play a completely unusual “nudity” for the USSR. According to the scenario, the anti-aircraft gunners washed in the bath. It was important for the director to show beautiful female bodies designed for love and motherhood, not for bullets.
Olga Mikhailovna is still considered one of the most beautiful Russian actresses. Despite her extremely feminine appearance, Ostroumova has a strong character. She was not afraid to divorce her second husband, the chief director of the Hermitage Theater Mikhail Levitin, although they had two children in marriage. Now the actress is already a grandmother three times.
In 1996, Olga Mikhailovna married actor Valentin Gaft. Two such bright creative people managed to get along, although Gaft is the star of Sovremennik, and Ostroumova works at the Theater. Moscow City Council. Olga Mikhailovna said that at any time she was ready to listen to the poems of Valentin Iosifovich, which he writes as talentedly as he plays in films and on stage.
Liza Brichkina - Elena Drapeko
Lena, of course, really wanted to play Zhenya Komelkova. But in her, a thin girl who was born in Kazakhstan and studied in Leningrad, the director “saw” the full-blooded beauty Lisa, who grew up in a remote forest estate and was secretly in love with the foreman. In addition, Stanislav Iosifovich decided that Brichkina should not be a Bryansk, but a Vologda girl. Elena Drapeko learned to “okay” so much that for a long time she could not get rid of her characteristic dialect.
One of the most difficult scenes for the young actress was the scene when her heroine is drowning in a swamp. Everything was filmed in natural conditions, Lena-Lisa was wearing a wetsuit. She had to dive into the muddy mud. She was supposed to die, and everyone around was laughing at how the “swamp kikimora” looked like. Moreover, her glued freckles were restored all the time ...
The unbending character of Elena Grigorievna manifested itself in the fact that she became not only a very famous actress, which is still being filmed, but also a public figure. Drapeko - State Duma deputy, candidate of sociological sciences.
Political activity did not always contribute to personal life. But Elena Grigoryevna has a daughter, Anastasia Belova, a successful producer, and a granddaughter, Varenka.
Sonya Gurvich: Irina Dolganova
Irina Valerievna was as modest in life as her heroine, the quietest and most "bookish" among the five fighters. Irina arrived for the audition from Saratov. She didn't believe in herself so much that she didn't even leave an address. They barely found her and immediately sent her to play scenes at the rink with the then-beginner Igor Kostolevsky, otherwise they would have to wait for the next winter.
Average rating: 3.9
War is death, fear, hatred. A woman is life, mercy, love. Woman and War - sometimes reality puts these incompatible and contradictory concepts side by side, forcing the Woman to resist the War and win this confrontation. exploits Soviet women on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War a good example of that.
One of the works of Soviet literature, the story of B. Vasilyev “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” shows how terrible the war is and how very young girls who have not yet had time to enter into adulthood, at the cost of their own lives, protect what they value, on a par with male soldiers.
Zhenya Komelkova, Rita Osyanina, Liza Brichkina, Galya Chetvertak, Sonya Gurvich - five female anti-aircraft gunners led by foreman Vaskov act to intercept a fascist sabotage group and leave for immortality. Boris Vasiliev managed to create a truthful and highly emotional work that reflects the ruthlessness of war . The heroines of Vasiliev are young, full of courage, determination and hope. Leaving on a mission, the girls do not know what fate is preparing for them, but they are ready to stop the enemy and, in the end, they do it, but the price of victory is prohibitive.
The foreman and five girls against sixteen well-trained saboteurs ... Vaskov tries, as far as possible, to protect the girls, but they die one after another. Lisa Brichkina is the first to die, who did not have time to reach her friends to call for help, she really wanted to support the girls, so she was in a hurry, did not save herself in the swamp, drowned in the quagmire, recoiling from the path in fear. Sonya Gurvich, a smart and talented girl who recited Blok's poems in a sing-song voice, did not even have time to realize that she had run into a German knife. Galya Chetvertak, the youngest, was childishly happy that she was taken on a responsible task. And then she could not stand the emotional stress, she could not cope with her own fear. Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova violate the order of the foreman and do not leave their positions, getting involved in a battle with the Nazis. They "have their own account for the war." They came to avenge their relatives, for a broken and crippled life. It is possible to fight with such an attitude, but it is impossible to survive and live on.
“Five girls, there were five girls in total, only five! ..”, as Baskov shouted in despair, “they stopped an outnumbering detachment of well-armed and trained fascists. According to the author, the story is based on a real episode during the war, the only difference is that the places of the Soviet fighters were taken by young girls. historical fact, which became the basis of the plot - albeit heroic, but just an episode of a big war. In the interpretation of B. Vasiliev, he caused a great resonance in the reader's environment and his story became one of the most popular books of the 1960-1970s about the Great Patriotic War.
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN B. L. VASIL'EV'S STORY "THE DAWNS HERE ARE QUIET..."
1.Introduction.
Reflection of the events of the war years in literature.
2. The main part.
2.1 Depiction of the war in the story.
2.2 Gallery of female images.
2.3 Petty Officer Vaskov - main character story.
2.4 The image of the enemy in the story.
3. Conclusion.
True patriotism.
I've only seen melee once.
Once - in reality. And a thousand - in a dream.
Who says that war is not scary,
He knows nothing about the war.
Yu.V. Drunina
The Great Patriotic War is one of the defining events in the history of our country. There is practically no family that has not been affected by this tragedy. The theme of the Great Patriotic War has become one of the main themes not only in literature, but also in cinematography, fine arts XX century. In the very first days of the war, essays by war correspondents appeared, as well as works by writers and poets who found themselves on the battlefields. It was written huge
number of stories, novellas and novels about the war. The story of Boris Lvovich Vasiliev “The dawns here are quiet ...” is one of the most lyrical works about the war. The events of the story unfold in 1942 in the north of Russia, in a battalion where fate, after being wounded, threw the protagonist, foreman Vaskov, the Hero is appointed to command a "female" platoon of anti-aircraft gunners. The author draws different women, not similar to each other, but united by one goal - the fight against the enemy of the Motherland. By the will of fate, the heroines ended up in a war, where a woman does not belong. Each of the girls has already faced death, the pain of loss. Hatred of enemies is what drives them, what gives them the strength to fight.
Rita Osyanina is the commander of the first squad of the platoon. Her husband, a border guard, died on the second day of the war "in the morning counterattack", and her son lives with his parents. Rita hates enemies "quietly and mercilessly". She is harsh, reserved, strict with herself and other fighters.
Zhenya Komelnova is a bright beauty, tall, red-haired. Zhenya, like Rita, also has a "personal score" with the Nazis. The whole family was shot in front of her eyes. After this tragedy, Zhenya ended up at the front. Despite this, the heroine retained her natural cheerfulness. She is sociable and mischievous, funny and flirtatious.
Lisa Brichkina is the daughter of a forester. She matured early, took care of her sick mother for five years, managed the household, and managed to work on a collective farm. The war prevented the heroine from entering a technical school. Liza is thorough in a peasant way, she knows and loves the forest, she is not afraid of any work, she is always ready to help her friends.
Sonya Gurvich is a girl from a "very large and very friendly" family. Her father was a doctor in Minsk. The girl studied for a year at the university, but the war began, her lover went to the front, and Sonya also could not stay at home.
Sonya does not know anything about the fate of the family that ended up in Nazi-occupied Minsk. She lives in the hope that they managed to survive, although she understands that this hope is illusory. Sonya is smart and educated, "an excellent student at school and university", speaks German perfectly, loves poetry.
Galya Chetvertak was brought up in an orphanage, she is a foundling. Maybe that's why she lives in an imaginary world, invents a mother for herself - a "medical worker", she can lie. In fact, this is not a lie, the author says, but "desires masquerading as reality." Dreamy by nature
the girl entered the library technical school. And when she was in her third year, the war began. Galya was denied entry to the military registration and enlistment office, as she did not fit either in height or age, but she showed remarkable perseverance and “It’s okay
exceptions "she was sent to the anti-aircraft unit.
The characters don't look alike. It is these girls that Sergeant Major Vaskov takes with him to follow the Germans. But there are not two enemies, but much more. As a result, all the girls die, only
foreman. Death overtakes the heroines in different situations: both through negligence in the swamp, and in an unequal battle with enemies. Vasiliev admires their heroism. This is not to say that girls are unfamiliar with the feeling of fear. The impressionable Galya Chetvertak is very frightened by the death of Sonya Gurvich. But the girl manages to overcome fear, and this is her strength and courage. At the moment of death, none of the girls complains about their fate, does not blame anyone. They understand that their lives have been sacrificed in the name of saving the Motherland. The author emphasizes the unnaturalness of what is happening when a woman, whose mission is to love, give birth and raise children, is forced to kill. War is an abnormal state for a person.
The protagonist of the story is foreman Fedot Vaskov. He comes from a simple family, finished his studies up to the fourth grade and was forced to drop out of school, as his father died. Nevertheless, he later graduated from the regimental school. Personal life
Vaskova failed: his wife ran away with the regimental veterinarian, and little son died. Vaskov has already fought, was wounded, has awards. The female fighters at first laughed at their rustic commander, but soon appreciated his courage, directness, and warmth. He tries his best to help the girls who first come face to face with the enemy. Rita Osyanina asks Vaskov to take care of her son. Many years later, an elderly foreman and Rita's adult son will install a marble slab at the site of her death. The images of enemies are drawn by the author schematically and concisely. Before us are not specific people, their characters and feelings are not described by the author. These are fascists, invaders who encroached on the freedom of another country. They are cruel and merciless. Such
4 / 5. 4
The writing
“And the dawns here are quiet...” - this is a story about the war. The action takes place during the Great Patriotic War. At one of the railway sidings, soldiers of a separate anti-aircraft machine-gun battalion are serving. These fighters are girls, and they are commanded by foreman Fedot Evgrafych Baskov. At first this place was a quiet corner. The girls sometimes fired at the planes at night. One day something unexpected happened. The Germans showed up. Pursuing them in the forest, the girls, led by Vaskov, enter into an unequal battle with them. They die one after another, but rage and pain, the desire for revenge help Vaskov win.
The whole story is written in easy, colloquial language. Thanks to this, you better understand the thoughts of the characters and what they do. Against the backdrop of the terrible events of May 1942, this junction looks like a resort. At first it really was like this: the girls sunbathed, arranged dances, and at night they “recklessly thrashed from all eight trunks on flying German planes.”
There are six main characters in the story: five anti-aircraft gunners and foreman Vaskov.
Fedot Vaskov is thirty-two years old. He completed four classes of the regimental school, and in ten years he rose to the rank of foreman. Vaskov experienced a personal drama: after the Finnish war, his wife left him. Vaskov demanded his son through the court and sent him to his mother in the village, but the Germans killed him there. The foreman always feels older than his years. He is executive.
Junior sergeant Rita Osyanina married the “red commander” at less than eighteen years of age. She sent her son Alik to his parents. Her husband died heroically on the second day of the war, and Rita found out about it only a month later.
Sonya Gurvich is an orphan. Her parents most likely died in Minsk. At that time she was studying in Moscow, preparing for the session. In the detachment, she was a translator.
Galya Chetvertak does not know her parents. She was thrown into Orphanage. Accustomed to surrounding everything with mystery, she made him worry about it. Galya told everyone that her mother is a medical worker. I believe that this was not a lie, but desires masquerading as reality.
Liza Brichkina was the daughter of a forester. One day, their father brought a guest to their house. Lisa liked him very much. He promised to place her in a technical school with a hostel, but the war began. Lisa always believed that tomorrow would come and be better than today.
Zhenya Komelkova, the first beauty of the trip, grew up in a good family. She loved to have fun, and one fine day she fell in love with Colonel Luzhin. It was he who picked her up at the front. He had a family, and Zhenya was sent to this siding for contact with him.
Once the girls were transferred from the front line to the facility (passage). Rita asked to send her department there, because from there it was easier to get to the city where her parents and son lived. Returning from the city, it was she who discovered the Germans.
The major ordered Vaskov to catch up with the saboteurs (Rita saw two) and kill them. It is in this campaign that the main action of the story unfolds. Vaskov helps the girls in everything. During a stop at the pass, friendly relations reign between them.
The Germans appear. It turns out that there are sixteen of them. Vaskov sends Lisa back to the junction. The first to die was Liza Brichkina. She drowned in the swamp, returning to the junction: “Liza saw this beautiful blue sky for a long time. Wheezing, she spit out dirt and reached out, reached out to him, reached out and believed. She believed until the last moment that tomorrow would come for her too.
Sonya Gurvich was shot when she returned to collect Vaskov's forgotten pouch.
Gali Chetvertak's nerves could not stand it when she was sitting with the foreman on patrol.
Rita Osyanina was wounded by a grenade, and Zhenya died while leading the Germans away from her. Rita, knowing that her wound was fatal, shot herself in the temple.
Together with the author, you experience these deaths and the pain of Vaskov, who managed to win.
The story is written in a very lively manner. Against the backdrop of the war, optimistic girls are shown. Vaskov's victory symbolizes the victory of the Russians over the Germans. A hard-won, loss-filled victory.
At the end of the story, in the epilogue, Boris Vasiliev shows a couple of heroes - Albert Fedotovich and his dad. Apparently, Albert is the same Alik, the son of Rita. Fedot Baskov adopted him, the boy considers him a real father.
This means that, despite all the difficulties and hardships, the Russian people are alive and will continue to live.
Very interesting picture of nature. Beautiful views drawn by the author set off everything that happens. Nature, as it were, looks at people with regret, participation, as if saying: "Stupid children, stop."
“And the dawns here are quiet...” Everything will pass, but the place will remain the same. Quiet, silent, beautiful, and only marble tombstones will turn white, reminding of what has already passed. This work serves as a magnificent illustration of the events of the Great Patriotic War.
This story amazed me a lot. The first time I read it, I sat with a handkerchief in my hand, because it was impossible to resist. It is because of this strong impression, so memorable to me, that I decided to write about this work. The main idea of this story is the invincibility of people fighting for the freedom of the motherland, for a just cause.
I, like all my peers, do not know war. I do not know and do not want war. But after all, those who died did not want it, not thinking about death, that they would no longer see the sun, or grass, or leaves, or children. Those five girls didn't want war either!
The story of Boris Vasiliev shook me to the core. Rita Osyanina, Zhenya Komelkova, Lisa Brichkina, Galya Chetvertak. In each of them I find a little of myself, they are close to me. Each of them could be my mother, could tell me about the beautiful, teach me how to live. And I could be in the place of any of them, because I also like to listen to the silence and meet such " quiet-quiet dawns».
I don't even know which one is closer to me. They are all so different, yet so similar. Rita Osyanina, strong-willed and gentle, rich in spiritual beauty. She is the center of their courage, she is the cement of achievement, she is the Mother! Zhenya... Zhenya, Zhenya, cheerful, funny, beautiful, mischievous to adventures, desperate and tired of war, of pain, of love, long and painful, for a distant and married man. Sonya Gurvich is the embodiment of an excellent student and a poetic nature - a "beautiful stranger" who came out of a volume of poetry by Alexander Blok. Liza Brichkina... “Oh, Liza-Lizaveta, you should study!” Learn to see Big city with its theaters and concert halls, its libraries and art galleries. And you, Liza... The war got in the way! Do not find your happiness, do not write lectures to you: I did not have time to see everything that I dreamed about! Galya Chetvertak, never matured, funny and awkwardly childish girl. Notes, escape from orphanage and also dreams... to become new love Orlova.
None of them had time to fulfill their dreams, they just did not have time to live their own lives. Death was different for everyone, just as their fates were different: Rita had an effort of will and a shot in the temple; at Zhenya - desperate and a little reckless, she could hide and stay alive, but she did not hide; Sonya has a dagger stab at poetry; Gali's is as painful and merciless as she herself; from Lisa - “Ah, Liza-Lizaveta, she didn’t have time, she couldn’t overcome the quagmire of war ...”.
And there remains the foreman of the Basques, whom I have not mentioned yet, alone. Alone in the midst of pain, flour; one with death, one with three prisoners. Is it one? He has five times more strength now. And what was best in him, human, but hidden in his soul, everything suddenly revealed, and what he experienced, he felt for himself and for them, for his girls, his “sisters”.
How the foreman laments: “How can we live now? Why is it so? After all, they don’t need to die, but give birth to children, because they are mothers! Tears well up as you read these lines.
But one must not only cry, one must also remember, because the dead do not leave the lives of those who loved them. They just do not age, remaining forever young in the hearts of people.
Why, then, is this particular work memorable to me? Probably because this writer is one of best writers our time. Probably because Boris Vasiliev managed to turn the theme of the war to that unusual facet, which is perceived especially painfully. After all, we, including myself, are used to combining the words "war" and "men", but here women, girls and war. Vasiliev managed to build the plot in such a way, to tie everything together in such a way that it is difficult to single out individual episodes, this story is a single whole, merged. A beautiful and inseparable monument: five girls and a foreman who stood in the middle of the Russian land: forests, swamps, lakes - against an enemy, strong, hardy, mechanically killing, which significantly exceeds them in number. But they did not miss anyone, they stood and are standing, poured out of hundreds and thousands of similar destinies, deeds, of all the pain and strength of the Russian people.
Women, Russian women who won the war and death! And each of them lives in me and other girls, we just don't notice it. We walk the streets, we talk, we think, we dream like them, but there comes a moment, and we feel confidence, their confidence: “There is no death! There is life and struggle for Happiness and for Love!”