Military uniform museum in Bakhchivandzhi (Moscow region, Russia) - expositions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.
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The military uniform museum, located in a small village near Moscow with the exotic name of Bakhchivandzhi, is amazing interesting place, certainly recommended for a visit to anyone who wants to learn more about the romance of wartime. The beginning of its collection was laid back in the pre-revolutionary years, under the Soviet regime the museum belonged to the Ministry of Defense, and its collection with impeccable military clarity was replenished with samples of the current and experimental uniforms of domestic and foreign armies. Here you can evaluate both versions of Stalin's tunic - rejected and approved, get acquainted with the military uniforms of Russia in the 14th-20th centuries, see what the Japanese, Germans and Cuban partisans fought in, consider orders and medals different countries and learn a lot of curious facts - for example, why the foragers of the tsarist army were the only ones of all the military branches who wore a headdress with a visor.
The pearl of the collection is Stalin's tunic, designed in 1945, a magnificent version rejected by the commander-in-chief and approved simple.
What to watch
The collection of the Military Uniform Museum is housed in two spacious halls with a total area of 1700 sq. m. The exhibits are divided chronologically and thematically. The hall of the history of Russian uniforms covers the time period from the 14th century to the present. Here you can trace the evolution of military uniforms from the reign of Dmitry Donskoy and Ivan Kalita, as well as campaigns against Tamerlane to the first improved uniforms of the times of Peter I, who cared not only about the comfort of the soldiers, but also about their appearance. You will find out which types of troops under Peter wore blue and green caftans and who was allowed to tie a neckerchief. The exposition of the Russian form of the 19th century will introduce the famous hussar mentics over the shoulder and explain the original practical function of shoulder straps and epaulettes. The 20th century will present as many as 128 types of caps intended for various regiments.
You will also learn where the word "cap" came from and why a hard visor was sewn onto it.
In the hall of the Great Patriotic War winter and summer uniforms of all branches of the Soviet troops are exhibited, including headgear, items of field life, combat banners and standards, and a complete collection of epaulettes. Here you will also see the standards and uniforms of the guards for the Victory Parade of 1945. The pearl of the collection is Stalin's tunic, designed in the same 1945, a magnificent version rejected by the commander-in-chief and approved simple, made of gray woolen cloth with a turn-down collar.
Museum of military uniforms- was opened in February 2017 and is a structural subdivision of the Museum military history Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO).
Building
The manor was formed in the middle of the 18th century near the church in the name of the Position of the Honorable Chains of the Apostle Paul, built in the 16th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, the estate belonged to Ivan Petrovich Turgenev, a well-known freemason, public figure, member of the Novikov "Friendly Scientific Society", director of Moscow University, which was occupied by the Turgenev House and became one of the brilliant literary salons of Moscow. Nikolay Mikhailovich Karamzin, Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky, Vasily Lvovich Pushkin and other famous personalities often visited here. Ivan Petrovich Turgenev died in 1807, and the Moscow house was sold to Christian Fe, a "principal Derpt merchant".
In 1812, the estate burned down and was rebuilt only a few years later. On October 12, 1832, it was bought at an auction by a Moscow merchant of the 1st guild, one of the pioneers of the tea business in Russia, a Moscow merchant and businessman Pyotr Kononovich Botkin.
Peter Kononovich had numerous offspring. Vasily Petrovich Botkin, eldest son, was famous writer and critic. Nikolai Petrovich Botkin spent most of his life traveling. In Rome, he met Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, who was a frequent visitor to the Botkins' house. Dmitry Petrovich Botkin is a co-owner of the tea trading company "Peter Botkin's sons" together with his brother Peter Petrovich. Dmitry Petrovich, in his youth, became interested in collecting paintings, watercolors, sculpture, and until the end of his life he was collecting works of art, by the end of his life he became one of the most famous collectors and connoisseurs of art. Sergey Petrovich Botkin is a famous therapist, the founder of the scientific clinic of internal diseases in Russia, the founder of the doctrine of the body as a single whole, subject to the human mind, a public figure. Mikhail Petrovich Botkin - an artist, the most prominent collector and patron of his time, owned a unique collection of works applied arts: antique, Byzantine, Old Russian, Gothic and Renaissance. Pyotr Kononovich Botkin also had five daughters. The eldest of the daughters - Ekaterina Petrovna - married a well-known manufacturer in Moscow - the Old Believer Ivan Vasilyevich Shchukin. Maria Petrovna is married to the famous poet Athanasius Fet. The husband of Anna's youngest daughter was a well-known professor in Moscow, Doctor of Medicine Pavel Lukich Pikulin.
To late XIX century, the owner of the estate was the daughter of Pyotr Petrovich Botkin Anna, who settled in it with her husband, merchant Andreev, who took the post of director of the tea trade partnership "Peter Botkin's Sons". Another daughter of Pyotr Petrovich - Vera - in 1887 married Nikolai Ivanovich Guchkov, the future Moscow mayor and public figure. N.I. Guchkov headed the tea partnership and the house belonged to him.
The last members of the Guchkov-Botkin family left the estate in 1921.
In 1918, it was nationalized, and communal apartments were arranged in the house. In the late 1920s, a dormitory for national minorities was erected on the site of the former possession of the Petroverigsk Church. Residential buildings of the Turgenev-Botkin estate began to be used as a hostel. After the war, the buildings of the former estate housed Kindergarten, a nursery, a warehouse of the publishing house "Medicine" and other institutions.
In February 2017, the Military Uniform Museum was opened in the restored manor.
Exposure
"Saved Relics"
On February 2, 2017, the exhibition "Saved Relics" was opened at the Museum. The exposition presents unique exhibits of Russian military uniforms of the 18th-19th centuries from the Museum of the History of Military Uniforms, created on the basis of the collection of the Imperial Quartermaster's Museum, which existed before the revolution under the auspices of the Russian Emperor. The “sample store”, established by Peter I, received items of military uniform not only Russian army, but also foreign, design drawings and mold samples. In 1868, on the basis of the collected items, the Quartermaster's Museum was born, and by the Imperial Decree of Alexander II, it was ordered to collect both standard samples of military uniforms and experimental, experimental ones in order to "preserve samples of military uniforms for history."
After historical events The 1917 collection endured many trials and hardships. The life of the museum stopped: the exhibits were put into boxes and sent for storage to the Peter and Paul Fortress. In 1932, part of the collection was transferred to the Military History Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps, and part went to the costume theaters. Most of the exhibits remained in storerooms, dilapidated, wandered around the vast country. Only since 1959, the collection became available to a limited circle of specialists at the experimental design base of the Central Clothing Directorate, organized by the Clothing Supply Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
Thanks to the comprehensive support of Anton Nikolaevich Gubankov, Director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation, in 2015, a project was implemented to transfer unique items from the storerooms of the Museum of the Ministry of Defense of Russia to the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO) for restoration and display within the walls of the Museum of Military Uniforms.
The restoration of the priceless collection began in 2016 by specialists from three leading organizations, GosNiir, VKhNRTS, im. I.E. Grabar and ROSIZO with the support and active participation of the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO). A year after the start of restoration work, after a hundred years of oblivion a wide range visitors are shown priceless rarities of military uniforms, including the officer cuirass of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment, the grenadier cap of the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment, the uniforms of officers of the Life Guards Preobrazhensky Regiment, the 68th Borodino Life Infantry Regiment of His Majesty, the Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon Regiment, the Palace Company grenadier and others, samples of weapons from private collections.
The exhibition "Saved Relics" is dedicated to the memory of Anton Nikolaevich Gubankov, who died in a plane crash near Sochi on December 25, 2016.
The addition to the exhibition is unique collection author's miniatures by Alexander Voronov, dedicated to the Russian Imperial Guard of 1906–1917, a period when, in order to raise prestige military service dress uniform was returned.
located in the Shchelkovsky district of the Moscow region not far from the Bakhchivandzhi platform.
The museum of military uniforms was created on the basis of the collection of the Imperial Quartermaster's Museum, which existed before the revolution under the auspices of the Russian Emperor. The Supreme Decree ordered to collect both standard samples of military uniforms and experienced, experimental ones in order to "preserve samples of military uniforms for history."
2. During the revolution, the quartermaster's museum was partially looted and partially destroyed. The remains of the collection of the quartermaster's museum were transferred: partly to the museum of artillery, engineering troops and signal troops; partly to theaters and film studios; partly to the quartermaster's office of the Red Army, for use as models of military uniforms.
3. Regular units, and with them a single uniform, appeared under Peter I. Soldiers wore a caftan: in the infantry - green, and in the cavalry - blue, a single red cloth camisole, tricorn hats and a harness with a sword. The officers also relied on a scarf and a distinctive badge on the chest. Peter I gave great importance appearance of his warriors, he made sure that they looked decent and at the same time had equipment convenient for battle. 
4. The exhibits presented in the museum tell about how the military uniform appeared and changed in Russia, which was proudly worn by many generations of defenders of the Fatherland. 
5. For a long time, the collection existed at the research laboratory of the military uniform of the commissary service of the Ministry of Defense and was shown only to specialists. Now the museum is open to anyone interested in military uniforms. 
6. The overwhelming majority of exhibits are historical originals. 
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8. Loops for orders and medals are visible on this uniform. 
9. The uniform of our army changed quite often, largely due to the enthusiasm of statesmen for European outfits. 
10. First Soviet times exposure was not great. Some exhibits were donated to other museums, others were donated to theaters and film studios. Much has been sold out. And what was left was put in boxes and locked in a warehouse. They were able to revive the museum only after the war, when the surviving rarities were returned to the Main Quartermaster Directorate. But only in 1985, the exhibits were placed in a modern heated building, equipped entirely by the rear services. 
11. In the local halls you will learn a lot of interesting things about everyday things and names familiar from childhood. For example, foragers for a long time were the only servicemen of the Russian army, to whose headdress a visor was attached. But not from force and not as a badge of distinction, but for purely practical purposes: it was believed that it was very convenient to measure oats for horses with such a hat. 
12. A uniform for a soldier has always been something more than just clothes. Not without reason, after all, upon dismissal from military service, the right to wear military uniforms was specifically stipulated by former military personnel. This was given importance as one of the types of encouragement and recognition of merit. 
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20. The history of the appearance of shoulder straps and epaulettes is interesting. Initially, epaulettes - dense metal plates - served as protection against saber strikes, and shoulder straps were convenient in that they protected the upper part of the uniform from rapid wear when the weapon was “on the shoulder”. In addition, they, as it were, fastened the rest of the uniform with themselves - a belt, a sling, backpack straps. The insignia on them appeared later. 
21. Stuffed horse Voroshilov named Mauser. 
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23. The museum has a large exposition of military uniforms and the post-revolutionary period.
Each cavalry regiment had its own cap color, and there were as many as 128 such regiments. 
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25. Standards for the Victory Parade. First option. 
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27. When on June 27, 1945, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council awarded Stalin the title of generalissimo, the question arose: what form should the commander-in-chief now wear? The development of a uniform for the owner of a unique military rank was entrusted to the head of the Logistics of the Armed Forces, General Khrulev. Represented the sewn uniform chief quartermaster Soviet army Drachev. Seeing the "outfit", Stalin winced. He did not like the numerous galloons, luxurious golden epaulettes and golden stripes on his trousers. Having put Drachev up, the leader told his subordinates that he did not want to look like a rooster or a porter from a restaurant. Those did not need to be explained twice: a few days later they presented a more modest uniform - a woolen tunic with a turn-down collar. He received the highest approval. Now both versions of the generalissimo's uniform can be seen in a single place - the Museum of Russian, Soviet and Foreign Uniforms of the Central Clothing Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. 
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35. The museum has a large collection of awards from different countries. 
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Thanks to the MO press center military_press
for an interesting tour.
The museum is located on the territory of a military unit and is a "regime" object, and therefore it is necessary to apply for a visit in advance.
Due to the "fading" of exhibits from camera flashes, the museum has a certain light regime and photography by special order.
Long hesitated to go or not to this museum, where the Ministry of Defense organized a press tour, but on the last day he nevertheless matured and went. I absolutely did not regret it and was wildly pleased, because the place is really interesting.
Briefly, the history of the museum is as follows. On the basis of the quartermaster's office under Alexander II, the Imperial Quartermaster's Museum was created, where all samples of military uniforms, sketches, and "beta versions" of various uniforms that did not go into the series were brought. In 1917, the exhibits were placed in boxes, and for 15 years they quietly fell into disrepair in Peter and Paul Fortress. In 1932, a commission is created that inspects the collection and distributes it. in the following way: most of the exhibits are transferred to the Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps, part to film studios and theaters, part to the quartermaster department of the Red Army as samples. In 1949-1950, many exhibits from the Museum of Artillery were transferred to the quartermaster's office, where they were again for eight years went into the boxes. Finally, in 1958, they were taken out into the world and put up in a military unit in Odintsovo, where there were no special conditions for storage. Since 1985, the museum has been located in the current building in Bakhchivandzhi.
Filming. You understand that I am not a pro, and I had to shoot in a poorly lit room, and even through glass, which constantly tried to glare and reflect myself.
The next problem is photo captions. There was not so much time, but on the contrary, there were a lot of exhibits, so there was no way to remember everything. I can comment on something, Tarlit will lay out something, and he is a recognized specialist in form.
Well, let's go.
Tapestry of the late 18th century. It took the master about 28 years to weave it.
Various shape.
These pants are called chikchirs.
There are not darned places on the uniform, but thread loops on which awards were previously worn.
Hats.
And this is a helmet for the crews of armored vehicles of the First World War.
Gym shirts for sports. Subsequently, they were transformed into the famous tunic.
Shoulder strap with the monogram of Alexander III.
Epaulet.
Uniform of the Generalissimo, made for the Victory Parade of 1945. On the left is the first version that was rejected by Stalin, apparently because it looked like a doorman, and on the right is the one in which the leader of the peoples was on Red Square.
Experimental uniform of a colonel of the Soviet army. On the hat, the sides and back part (turn-down butt pad) recline and there is a lapel of the fabric to cover the face (wind-shelter valve).
There are also foreign samples of the form of various states.
German Democratic Republic.
USA
Among the exhibits there are various household items.
Soap. There is no mold on it, but inclusions of tar.
This is not a flask for chemical experiments, but a glass flask for water.
Here is another version of the already Soviet era.
Soldier's hospital shoe covers of the 19th century.
Leather bag - tashka.
Rare stem.
After the February Revolution of 1917, the Provisional Government decided to get rid of the royal symbols. The question arose of what to do with the combat banners of the regiments. They just got out - they sewed rags on a two-headed eagle and the word "king".
Soviet banners of the Great Patriotic War.
Models of military carts with a special alphanumeric designation.
Steam-horse wagon PH-I.
Horse-mounted machine-gun cart KPT.