Andrey Andreevich Popov(-) - genre painter.

Popov enjoyed the support of the Society for the Encouragement of Artists. His painting Demyanov's Ear (based on the plot of Krylov's fable) at the academic exhibition in 1857 made a great impression on the public with the characteristic and expressiveness of the depicted faces and with its sound comicality. She delivered to the artist a small gold medal. At the same time, he exhibited paintings: "Return from the city" and a portrait of the children of the city of Yazykov.

In 1860, the best of all Popov’s works appeared: “Tea Warehouse at the Nizhny Novgorod Fair”, for which the Academy awarded him the title cool artist 1 degree and a large gold medal; after that, Popov went on a trip in 1863, having delivered before that to the academic exhibition of 1861 the paintings: Praying Mantis and The Artist's Workshop.

Popov spent the term of his overseas retirement in Paris and Rome, from where he returned to St. Petersburg. in 1867 and brought back a painting painted there: "Festivities on Monte Piño". This was his last work, not devoid of merit, but incomparably weaker than his first paintings. In general, the brilliant hopes that Popov gave at the beginning of his career did not come true: due to his illness and the resulting decline in energy, he worked weaker and weaker, and in the end he almost completely stopped painting.

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An excerpt characterizing Popov, Andrey Andreevich (artist)

Boris at that moment already clearly understood what he had foreseen before, namely, that in the army, in addition to the subordination and discipline that was written in the charter, and which was known in the regiment, and he knew, there was another, more significant subordination, the one that made this tightened, purple-faced general wait respectfully, while the captain, Prince Andrei, found it more convenient for his own pleasure to talk with Ensign Drubetskoy. More than ever, Boris decided to continue to serve not according to the one written in the charter, but according to this unwritten subordination. He now felt that only as a result of the fact that he had been recommended to Prince Andrei, he had already immediately risen above the general, who in other cases, in the front, could destroy him, the ensign of the guards. Prince Andrew went up to him and took his hand.
“I'm sorry you didn't catch me yesterday. I spent the whole day fussing with the Germans. We went with Weyrother to check the disposition. How the Germans will take up accuracy - there is no end!
Boris smiled, as if he understood what, as well-known, Prince Andrei was hinting at. But for the first time he heard the name of Weyrother and even the word disposition.
- Well, my dear, do you want to be adjutant? I thought about you during this time.
“Yes, I thought,” said Boris, involuntarily blushing for some reason, “to ask the commander in chief; he had a letter about me from Prince Kuragin; I wanted to ask only because, - he added, as if apologizing that, I'm afraid, the guards will not be in business.
- Good! well! we'll talk about everything, - said Prince Andrei, - just let me report about this gentleman, and I belong to you.
While Prince Andrei went to report about the crimson general, this general, apparently not sharing Boris's ideas about the benefits of unwritten subordination, so rested his eyes on the impudent ensign, who prevented him from talking with the adjutant, that Boris became embarrassed. He turned away and waited impatiently for Prince Andrei to return from the office of the commander-in-chief.
“That's what, my dear, I was thinking about you,” said Prince Andrei, when they went into a large hall with clavichords. “There’s nothing for you to go to the commander-in-chief,” said Prince Andrei, “he will tell you a bunch of pleasantries, tell you to come to him for dinner (“it wouldn’t be so bad for service in that subordination,” Boris thought), but from this further nothing will come of it; we, adjutants and orderlies, will soon have a battalion. But here's what we'll do: I have a good friend, an adjutant general and wonderful person, Prince Dolgorukov; and although you may not know this, the fact is that now Kutuzov with his headquarters and we all mean absolutely nothing: everything is now concentrated at the sovereign; so we'll go to Dolgorukov, I should go to him, I already told him about you; so we'll see; whether he finds it possible to attach you with him, or somewhere there, closer to the sun.

Exactly 155 years ago, ships of the Russian Imperial Navy began arriving in New York. A few days later, another squadron appeared on the opposite coast of America, and the US Secretary of the Navy wrote in his diary: "God bless the Russians!" But why did St. Petersburg decide to defend Washington's interests with military force?

The visit of the Russian fleet to the shores of the United States caused a storm in the European and American newspapers of that time. The assessment of those events still provokes disputes among historians, first of all, disagreements relate to what was the nature of cooperation between St. Petersburg and Washington. Formally, Russia and the United States were not bound by any allied obligations, but they were brought together by the presence of common enemies, and by the first half of 1861, also by the similarity of internal problems.

English girl shits everyone

The presidential election of 1860 was won by the representative of the young Republican Party, Abraham Lincoln - this was the first successful attempt of the "elephants" to break into the White House. Representatives of the future "great old party" at that time were considered dangerous abolitionist radicals who advocated the complete abolition of slavery. The main asset was fanatics, for example, the author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Harriet Beecher Stowe was the daughter, sister and wife of preachers. However, not everyone shared this religious fervor.

The Republicans also enjoyed the support of various "indigenous" movements that advocated limiting migration to the United States. Second and third generation Americans were unhappy with the growing flow of immigrants from Europe, especially from famine-ridden Ireland. Settlers actively dumped on the labor market, “squeezing out” locals with low-skilled professions. High-ranking Republicans despised all this "uneducated rabble" from the "indigenous", as can be seen from the diaries of the same Lincoln, but they did not refuse their votes in the elections. In addition, the Irish were Catholics, and the “natives” were God-fearing Protestants, which ensured adhesion with religious abolitionists.

However, even the support of the "indigenous" could not ensure the victory of the Republicans in the elections. Everything was decided by an internal conflict in the Democratic Party, as a result of which the “donkeys” nominated two candidates at once. As a result, Abraham Lincoln won less than 40% of the vote and obviously could not call himself the leader of all Americans, but he nevertheless became the 16th president of the United States.

After the victory, Lincoln's views became less radical. According to his updated position, the abolition of slavery is a distant bright goal, which, of course, must be striven for, but in this moment the black property of respectable gentlemen from the South must not be threatened.

Despite this, the election of “His African Majesty Lincoln” as president was the last straw after which the South said “enough” and announced the start of secession from the Union (as the Americans called their country in mid-nineteenth century). Lincoln did not want to let the southerners go, which led to.

At the same time in Russian Empire the best minds of the fatherland prepared the Great Reforms of Alexander II, including the abolition of serfdom. The Russian autocrat did not have to be distracted by elections and debates in Congress, but a part of society clearly took hostility to his reforms, especially in the national outskirts.

The proud Georgian princes and the nobility of the Polish lords were extremely dissatisfied with the fact that the Russian emperor was freeing their serfs.

The democratic opposition in St. Petersburg, Warsaw and London, on the contrary, considered the reforms half-hearted.

A particularly difficult situation developed in the Kingdom of Poland, where separatist sentiments were strong even before the “great transformations”. At a certain stage, a cunning plan matured in the minds of the tsarist officials - to draw up lists of disloyal Poles and "shave" them into soldiers for 20 years, sending them to serve somewhere in Siberia. The Poles, who were not happy with the prospect of "dressing in the uniform of the occupiers", at the beginning of 1863 decided to rebel.

In both internal conflicts - both Russian and American - London and Paris took the most active part, promising support for the Poles and southerners. Their press diligently formed the appropriate public opinion(for example, Lincoln appeared on the pages of European newspapers as a tyrant who seized power and wages a brutal war with his own people). Fictional or at least strongly embellished stories about the atrocities that northern thugs are doing in peaceful southern cities were actively replicated.

Similarly, gloomy Petersburg was portrayed, which is ready to commit any crimes, just to keep freedom-loving Poland in its chains.

By the way, according to the ideologists of the uprising, it was the Commonwealth, which included the Western Russian lands, that was the true heir Ancient Russia, while in Russia live the "spoiled" descendants of the Mongol-Tatar conquerors. This ideologeme was borrowed from the Polish lords by the current Ukrainian elites practically without changes.

Ultimately, the Poles received only moral support from the Europeans, but the southerners persuaded the British for more significant help. Here we can recall the military cargo that smugglers delivered to the South, bypassing the blockade established by the northerners, the construction of the Alabama cruiser at British shipyards. The life of the latter turned out to be short - less than two years, but during this time he managed to intercept and plunder 68 American merchant ships, and his captain Rafael Sams became a legend.

Ours in New York

By the summer of 1863, it became obvious that London was trying to put together an international coalition against Russia, which could include France, Austria, which had also previously participated in the division of Poland, as well as Sweden, which had views of Russian Finland. When big conflict the Baltic fleet would have been locked up in Kronstadt, which had already happened during the Crimean War.

So the experience of "Alabama", which used "neutral" French and English ports, led the patron of the fleet, Grand Duke Konstantin and Minister of the Navy Nikolai Crabbe, to an interesting idea: could the Americans provide their "neutral" ports for Russian ships? Only 5-6 ships would be able to paralyze the transatlantic trade of the British and French.

Washington was ready to provide such assistance. The British at that time were actively building up their forces (especially naval ones) in Canada - either in Primorye, or for intervention in the American civil war. A few extra warships at Lincoln's hand would obviously not hurt, as well as the friendly shoulder of Alexander II.

The expedition was prepared in the strictest secrecy. It was headed by a brilliant naval officer, Stepan Lesovsky, who had already been to the United States a few years earlier to inspect the construction of ships for the needs of Russia.

The squadron included newest ships- the pride of the imperial fleet. For example, the frigate "Oslyabya" was commissioned into the naval forces only in 1861 and had not yet returned from its first voyage. During a stay in the Italian Ragusa, his captain received a dispatch by diplomatic mail - to advance to the American shores. It was the Oslyabya that was the first to anchor in the New York roadstead on September 24. The rest of the ships, in order not to attract attention, left Kronstadt one by one and "got together" already in the open sea. By the end of September (also singly, since the squadron was scattered by a storm shortly before the end of the transition), they arrived in the United States.

At that time, New York was openly disloyal to the federal government - Mayor Fernando Wood openly called for secession after the southerners. Богатый портовый город страдал от пробуксовки торговли и искренне не понимал, почему его уроженцы должны умирать за свободу «каких-то там ниггеров». Immigrants from Ireland and other European countries also did not rush to the front, but they had no money to pay off the service. All this in July 1863 led to an anti-draft riot, the suppression of which had to send troops, so necessary at that moment at the front.

The presence of friendly Russian military personnel in the city had a calming effect on Lincoln's supporters and a sobering effect on his opponents. Therefore, the press of the northerners greeted the appearance of "Oslyabi" with rejoicing. Rumors spread that several more ships were on the way, and a secret alliance was concluded between St. Petersburg and Washington against Britain and France, so that in the event of an Anglo-French intervention, which was feared like fire in the North, Russian sailors would certainly come to the rescue.

The London press commented on the news with British haughtiness. According to the Times, the Oslyabya did not have time to return from the Mediterranean to Kronstadt before the waters of the Gulf of Finland covered the ice, so the captain decided to go to New York for the winter. Consequently, there is nothing to worry about at all, no one is plotting anything against England, she is still the leading maritime power and nothing threatens her trade.

A few days later it turned out that the "mythical Russian ships" really appeared in New York. And soon the news came, which confirmed the rumors about the existence of a secret pact between Washington and St. Petersburg.

Ghost of Alabama

In the summer of 1863, Andrey Popov, commander of the Pacific squadron, surveyed Primorye, which had recently become part of Russia. This born naval officer had an extremely quarrelsome character. He practically openly considered the Grand Duke Constantine a land rat, and treated Crabbe a little better. But he was tormented by the same thoughts as the St. Petersburg authorities: they would find out about the outbreak of war in British Canada much earlier than he did, after which Popov, along with his squadron, would be taken lukewarm. Therefore, the squadron commander independently decided to move to San Francisco, where, closer to the telegraph and civilization, he was going to get up for the winter. His ships appeared off the Atlantic coast shortly after the news of Lesovsky's arrival in New York reached the Pacific coast.

In San Francisco at that time they were extremely frightened by rumors about the "Alabama", which someone allegedly saw near the city. Its commander, the infamous pirate and rebel Raphael Sams, has become so bold (again, supposedly) that he is going to attack the weakly defended city (the fleet of the northerners ensured the blockade of the South and chased the real Alabama across the Atlantic).

The appearance of the Russians was taken as a gift from heaven. Popov was asked a direct question: are his ships ready to engage in battle with the rebels? To a direct question, an equally direct answer was given: "yes."

The northern press rejoiced, the British were gloomy, and the tsarist diplomacy was in an idiotic position. For several years, St. Petersburg insisted on the inadmissibility of interference in domestic American affairs by the European powers and warned London and Paris against such actions. It turns out that this restriction does not apply to the Russians themselves.

Baron Eduard Stekl - the tsar's envoy to Washington - got out as best he could. Russia recognizes only the North, and considers the southerners not an armed opposition, but rebels of the lowest rank. Therefore, the Confederate maritime forces are ordinary pirates. And what should any honest captain do when he sees a pirate who is trying to rob a peaceful ship or settlement? That's right, help fight him back. Naturally, no one believed this "excuse". The talkative Popov was promptly removed from his post as commander.

Nevertheless, London and Paris were finally convinced that there was a military treaty between Washington and Petersburg, according to which an attack on one of the powers would mean automatic joining in the struggle of the other. Considering that by that time the British and French were tightly bogged down in a completely mediocre occupation of Mexico, they really did not want to wage a war on three fronts at once.

"God bless the Russians!"

During the visit, the Russian sailors showed their best side. The Americans expected to see "uncouth barbarians", but they were presented with well-educated and well-mannered people who spoke fluent English and French.

"Petersburgers" paraded through New York and entertained elite Washington, Boston and the same New York sea bikes. Many prominent Americans visited the Russian ships, and the main guest was Mary Todd Lincoln, the first lady of the United States.

While the Baltic sailors demonstrated Russian gallantry, the Pacific sailors showed Russian courage and courage by taking an active part in extinguishing the great fire in San Francisco on October 23, 1863. Six sailors died, many received severe burns.

Five years ago, in 2013, the local gay community tried to get the ceremonial events that were held with varying frequency in memory of this feat of Russian sailors to be canceled.

The northerners were well aware of the true goals of the visit, but rumors of a secret agreement came to the fore in the public mind. The Americans sincerely believed that in the event of an invasion by the British, the Russian fleet was ready to launch a counter intervention on the side of the North.

At the beginning of the 20th century, when relations between the United States and Russia were completely damaged, historians found out for certain that there were no secret agreements. Lesovsky had instructions only in the event of a war between Russia and England, Popov acted at his own peril and risk. This gave rise to a number of new accusations against Russia. According to new version, Petersburg pursued exclusively its own goals, was not going to help the United States and treacherously took advantage of the confidence of the Americans.

In recent years, a more balanced opinion has dominated among historians. Yes, St. Petersburg acted in its own interests, but it did not hide it - the St. Petersburg newspapers wrote about the goals of the expedition, making it clear to the British what awaits them if they decide to intervene in the Polish issue, and these texts were reprinted by the American media. At the same time, Lincoln himself and his administration were well aware that they had no secret agreements with the Russians. The British, on the contrary, remained in the dark and, when planning their actions, were forced to take into account the factor of the Russian fleet. Thus, the very fact of the appearance of two squadrons may have saved the United States from invasion.

As for the assessment from direct participants in the events, US Secretary of the Navy Gideon Wells wrote in his diary in the first days of the visit Russian fleet: "God bless the Russians!". At about the same time, Alexander Gorchakov, head of tsarist diplomacy, left the following entry: "The union between our countries exists de facto due to the coincidence of our political interests and principles."

Painter, graphic artist

From a family of hereditary Tula icon painters. Initial art education received in the family. Enjoyed the patronage of the director of the Imperial glass factory M. A. Yazykov.

As a volunteer, he studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts (1845–1858), began studying in the classroom landscape painting from M. N. Vorobyov, from 1855 he studied in the battle painting workshop of B. P. Villevalde. From 1849 he received a pensioner's allowance from the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts. In 1852 for the painting " Birch Grove”(“ Birch Alley. View at the Tomilov Uspenskoye Estate ”) and in 1853 for the painting“ Folk Scene at the Fair in Staraya Ladoga ”was awarded small silver medals. In 1854, for the paintings "School teacher" and "Peasant family on arable land" - large silver medals. In 1856, for the painting "Demyanov's Ear" on the plot of the fable of I. A. Krylov - a small gold medal. In 1858, for the painting Joyful Letter, he received the title of a class artist and was appointed, together with the artist P. P. Ikov, an assistant drawing teacher in the class of academician I. N. Vistelius, where he taught for a short time.

Twice he was accepted for the execution of the program for a large gold medal, working on the paintings "Inn" and "Petersburg Tavern". In 1859 he made a trip to Nizhny Novgorod, collecting material for the painting “Tatars load tea into Nizhny Novgorod". In 1860, for this painting, he was awarded a large gold medal, received the title of class artist of the 1st degree and the right to retire abroad.

Before leaving in 1861-1862 he worked in St. Petersburg. In 1863–1867 he was a pensioner at the Imperial Academy of Arts. Traveled to Berlin, Dresden, Leipzig, Cologne, Frankfurt, Munich, Dusseldorf, Brussels, Antwerp. In 1863-1865 he was in France: he lived in Paris, worked in the vicinity of Fontainebleau and in Barbizon. He closely communicated with V. G. Perov, V. G. Schwartz, A. A. Rizzoni, who was then living in Paris. Last year retired spent in Rome, from where in 1867 he returned to Russia.

From the 1870s he lived in Kaluga, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod. He worked mainly as a genre painter; painted landscapes, was fond of album travel sketches. In the late 1850s - 1860s, he completed a number of pictorial and graphic portraits (M. A. Yazykov, M. S. Shchepkin, I. F. Gorbunov, P. V. Annensky). Member of the "Friday drawing evenings" at the Society for the Encouragement of Artists. After 1873 active creative activity apparently didn't work.

Exhibited works at academic exhibitions (1853-1899, with interruptions), MUZhV (1860), the Moscow Society of Art Lovers (1872), international exhibition in London (1862), World exhibitions in Paris (1867, 1881), the All-Russian Art and Industrial Exhibition in Moscow (1882).

Popov's works are in many museum collections, including the State Tretyakov Gallery, the State Russian Museum and others.

genre painter (1832-96). Having received initial artistic training in Tula, under the guidance of his father, an insignificant provincial painter, he was appointed to the students of the Academy of Arts. Here his teachers were first V. Vorobieva, and then B. Villevalde. P. enjoyed the support of the Society for the Encouragement of Artists. His painting "Demyanov's Ear" (based on the plot of Krylov's fable) at the academic exhibition of 1857 made a great impression on the public with the characteristic and expressiveness of the depicted faces and with its sound comicality. She delivered a small gold medal to the artist. Simultaneously with her paintings were exhibited: "Return from the city" and a portrait of the children of the city of Yazykov. In 1860, the best of all the works of P. appeared: "The warehouse of tea at the Nizhny Novgorod fair", for which the Academy awarded him the title of class artist of the 1st degree and a large gold medal; after that, P. went on a trip in 1863, before delivering to the academic exhibition in 1861 paintings: "Prayers" and "Artist's Studio". P. spent the term of his foreign retirement in Paris and Rome, from where he returned to St. Petersburg. in 1867 and brought back a painting painted there: "Festivities on Monte Piño". This was his last work, not devoid of merit, but incomparably weaker than his first paintings. In general, the brilliant hopes that P. gave at the beginning of his career did not materialize: due to his illness and the decline in energy that depended on it, he worked weaker and weaker, and in the end almost completely quit painting.

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"Popov Andrey Andreevich" in books

VLASOV Andrey Andreevich

From the book Officer Corps of the Army Lieutenant General A.A. Vlasov 1944-1945 author Alexandrov Kirill Mikhailovich

VLASOV Andrey Andreevich Lieutenant General of the Red Army Lieutenant General of the Armed Forces of the Conservative Army Born on September 1, 1901 in the village of Lomakino, Pokrovskaya volost, Sergachevsky district, Nizhny Novgorod province. Russian. From peasants. He graduated from a rural school and the Nizhny Novgorod Theological Seminary. Since 1916

Andrey Popov

From my book real life author Tabakov Oleg Pavlovich

Andrei Popov In the next picture of Nikita Mikhalkov - “A few days from the life of I. I. Oblomov” (again, not marked by compatriots), I had to work with many wonderful artists, one of whom was Andrei Alekseevich Popov. Mikhalkov invited him to

Andrey Popov

From the book Without an epilogue author Plyatt Rostislav Yanovich

Andrey Popov It's strange... And Andrey Alekseevich and I both belonged to the number of actors who worked a lot both in cinema, and on radio, and on television, but never met at work. Maybe for our directors we were, as they say, the same paint - I don’t know. And on

ANDREEV Andrei Andreevich

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ANDREEV Andrei Andreevich (10/18/1895 - 12/05/1971). Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks from 02/04/1932 to 10/16/1952 Candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks from 07/23/1926 to 12/21/1930 Member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee from 04/03/1922 to 04/11/1928 and from 03/22/1939 to 03/18/1946 Secretary of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) - VKP (b) from 02/03/1924 to 12/18/1925 and from 02/28/1935 to 03/18 .1946

GROMYKO Andrey Andreevich

From the book Most closed people. From Lenin to Gorbachev: Encyclopedia of Biographies author Zenkovich Nikolai Alexandrovich

GROMYKO Andrei Andreevich (07/05/1909 - 07/02/1989). Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 27.04.1973 to 30.09.1988. Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1956 - 1989. Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1952 - 1956. Member of the CPSU since 1931 Born in the village of Starye Gromyki, Gomel district, Mogilev province (now Vetka district

Andrey Popov. A worthy son of a worthy father

From the book of Memories "Meetings on Sinful Earth" author Aleshin Samuil Iosifovich

Andrey Popov. worthy son worthy father It is usually said that nature rests in the children of gifted parents. But exceptions are not so rare. One of our most talented directors, Alexei Dmitrievich Popov, had a son, Andrei, an actor. Here he belonged to

Andrey Popov Amazing Encounters

author Belskaya G. P.

Andrey Popov Amazing Encounters Studying Partisan Actions During Patriotic War 1812 is complicated by one significant circumstance - the lack of information from the opposing side. This makes it difficult to verify the testimony of partisan commanders,

Fedotov Andrey Andreevich

From the book Soviet aces. Essays on Soviet pilots author Bodrikhin Nikolay Georgievich

Fedotov Andrei Andreevich Born on October 16, 1914 in the village of Nizhniye Sergi, Perm Province. He graduated from 10 classes, in 1935 - Sverdlovsk construction technical school. He worked at a metallurgical plant. In 1938, Fetodov was released in the first category by the Orenburg military school.

Amazing encounters Andrey Popov

From the book Patriotic War of 1812. Unknown and little known facts author Team of authors

Amazing Encounters Andrey Popov The study of partisan actions during the Patriotic War of 1812 is complicated by one significant circumstance - the lack of information from the opposing side. This makes it difficult to verify the testimony of partisan commanders,

Chapter 70

From the author's book

Chapter 70 At the beginning of the 20th century, many residents of Rzhev were adherents of ancient piety. There were two Old Believer churches in the city. To this day, only the bell tower has survived from one, Trinity.

Andreev Andrey Andreevich

From the book Big Soviet Encyclopedia(AN) author TSB

Popov Andrey Alexandrovich

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Popov Andrey Alekseevich

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Popov Leonid Andreevich

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ANDREY ANDREEVICH

From the book Small Bedeker on NF author Prashkevich Gennady Martovich

ANDREY ANDREEVICH In July 1992, Voznesensky flew to Novosibirsk. Tanya Bogdanova found sponsors. I don’t know how much they allocated, but Voznesensky flew in. Once in Akademgorodok, the party authorities canceled his poetry concert, now he wanted to fill that long-standing