"He's out of his mind," or how an accidentally overturned phrase made Chatsky an outcast of society.

The ball in Famusov's house is an important part of the whole work, the culmination of the social and the development of love. The main idea of ​​the work is expressed in the ball scene: confrontations between representatives of outdated and advanced views.

Chatsky was not in Moscow for three years, he did not report any news about himself, and unexpectedly appeared at the Famusov's house, but no one was waiting for him there.

Famusov's guests are typical representatives of noble Moscow, who care only about ranks, the search for profitable suitors.

At the ball, Chatsky meets his friend Platon Mikhailovich and is surprised at the changes that have taken place with him. In the Gorich family, the headship belongs to Natalya Dmitrievna.

Then the Tugoukhovsky couple appears with six daughters, they are looking for suitors at balls, and when they learn that Chatsky is not rich and not noble, they lose interest in him. In a conversation with the Countess, Khryumina’s granddaughter, Chatsky ridicules the “imitators of milliners”, he is outraged that in Russia manners, outfits, and culture were borrowed from abroad. Zagoretsky is not loved in society, they call him a swindler, a rogue, a liar.

Chatsky and Famusov's guests have completely different interests, they have nothing in common, which portends a conflict between them. Chatsky ridicules the way of life of a bureaucrat in Moscow, jokes, sarcastically. He thinks that his honesty will be answered frankly.

The rumor about Chatsky's madness is born by chance from Sophia's lips and quickly spreads along the chain, and by the end of the evening no one doubts that this is true.

The spread of this gossip shows the mechanism of formation public opinion.

Heredity, drunkenness, and enlightenment are named as the causes of madness: “And in truth, you will go crazy from these, from some boarding houses, schools, lyceums.”

Famusov's guests, not yet knowing Chatsky, disliked him. They consider themselves smart, educated, high society, and Chatsky laughed at them.

It is easier for society to show that Chatsky is crazy than to admit that he is right.

Chatsky was left alone, society turned away from him, even his friend Repetilov succumbed to persuasion: “But how can you be against everyone! Why are you? Shame and laughter!

In the ball scene, Chatsky's final break with Famusovsky society takes place. After the ball, Chatsky decides to find out the true attitude of Sofia towards him, and this is how the denouement of any conflict happens.

The episode "The Ball at Famusov's House" is extremely important for the whole comedy, as it is the culmination of the work. The development of the plot in this episode reaches a special tension, the main idea of ​​the play begins to sound clearly: the confrontation between the “current century” and the “past century”.

Chatsky, personifying modernity, scolds Famusov in every possible way. He openly expresses his thoughts, "serves the cause, not individuals." Famusov, on the other hand, condemns young people for new beginnings. Such are his guests: they value the nobility, they think only about entertainment, exhibitions, outfits. Young ladies are concerned about how to find a profitable groom. Zagoretsky is a vivid example of a notorious swindler, rogue, thief. When the old woman Khlestova appears, Chatsky boldly ridicules Zagoretsky, and the guest is extremely unhappy with this act.

Sofya makes it clear to the main character that she does not love him, and reveals her feelings to Molchalin, and speaks of Skalozub as "a hero not of her novel." But Chatsky does not believe the girl. He understands that he is hiding under the kindly false mask of Molchalin, does not believe in her love for such a nonentity. It begins to seem to those around the ball that, indeed, Chatsky's "mind and heart are out of tune."

Main character more and more annoys Sofya with her sharp attacks towards Molchalin, and in retaliation she spreads a rumor about his madness. Gossip interested people who love to gossip, fell on prepared soil: Chatsky by that time had managed to turn many guests against himself. The rumor quickly spread in society, acquiring such details that it is difficult to imagine in relation to Chatsky. Someone suddenly reports that he was shot in the head, and in the end it turns out that the young man is a fugitive!

When the guests declare Chatsky crazy, Famusov claims that he was the first to make such a significant discovery. Cause everything's crazy Moscow society sees in science, in enlightenment. Famusov says about it this way:

Learning is the plague, learning is the cause
What is now more than then,
Crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions.

Old Khlestova also put in her weighty word not for education

And you'll really go crazy with these
From some, from boarding houses, schools, lyceums ...

An intelligent, freedom-loving defender of human rights, who looks at life and people with different eyes, goes on the offensive against a supporter of feudal views and the old morality. In his views on education, service, in relation to people, in understanding the purpose of life, Chatsky opposes the society of ignoramuses and serf-owners. The old world is still strong, and the ranks of its supporters are numerous. The Famus society formed a united front against Chatsky: it felt him as an ideological enemy.

In the last monologue of the third act, Chatsky condemns Moscow and St. Petersburg for taking an example from other countries, denouncing a strange fashion:

Moscow and Petersburg - in all of Russia,
That a man from the city of Bordeaux,
Only his mouth opened, he has happiness,
To inspire participation in all the princesses ...

But the guests try to ignore all these exclamations and angry tirades. They disperse and start doing their own thing. And again, Famusov's guests share their thoughts. They think only about entertainment, exhibitions, dresses and suitors, they are afraid only for their noble rank.

This episode tore off the masks from the heroes, revealed all the faces, became the culmination of the comedy. We learned that Chatsky is not alone in Famusov's society, but the ranks of his supporters are very few, and old world, "the last century", is still strong.

The comedy was written in 1823, before the Decembrist uprising, when the ideas of freedom excited the minds of the progressive nobility. "Woe from Wit" is a sharp satire on the life and customs of the landlord-serf society. In it, the author showed a clash of two public views, where the main character is in conflict with society.

One of the brightest episodes of the comedy is a ball in the house of the Moscow ace, the eminent nobleman Famusov. Moscow nobles come here, who lead a free lordly life, spend time at balls, evenings, "lunches, dinners and dances." Here they eat heartily (“eat three hours, and in three days it won’t be cooked”), gossip, demonstrate outfits, look for rich suitors for their daughters, play cards.

Gorich - a former officer, an energetic person (“only morning: foot in the stirrup”), got married, began to live in the city. His main occupation was laziness, going to balls, boredom, playing the flute of the same “a-mole” duet. He says to Chatsky: "Out of boredom, you will whistle the same thing." Here, at the ball, Anton Antonych Zagoretsky, “a notorious swindler, a rogue”, can please everyone: whoever gets a ticket, who he gives a black sheep, and everyone accepts him at home. The old woman Khlestova says about him: "He is a liar, a gambler, a thief." Khlestova herself addresses Sophia:

“Out of boredom, I took with me
Arapka-girl and dog, -
Tell them to feed, already, my friend,
A handout came from supper.”

Khlestova came to gossip.

Skalozub is also here - "a golden bag and aims for generals." He, like the owner of the house and all those present, considers "liberty" and "scholarship" the main scourge for society:

“Learning is the plague, learning is the cause,
What is now, more than ever,
Crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions.

The owner of the house declares in a conversation with Skalozub:

“If evil is to be stopped:
Take away all the books, but burn them.

Molchalin was taken into service by Famusov from the provinces. This is his relative. Molchalin is a cunning, mean, dodgy person:

“My father bequeathed to me:
First, to please all people without exception, -
The owner, where he happens to live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor, to avoid evil,
The janitor's dog, so that it was affectionate.

Molchalin came to Famusov's court.

Sophia is the true daughter of her father. The servility subjugated her too. She does not like Chatsky, he is unpleasant to her. Sweeter is the flattery of a mean man. And Chatsky's honest, furious monologues irritate her, and she announces former comrade crazy childhood.

Famusovshchina is a stable, definite way of life. Here they are afraid of rumors (“sin is not a problem, rumor is not good”):

"Oh my god! What will he say
Princess Marya Alexevna!”

In this society, a person is valued not by his mind, but by wealth and origin. Repetilov frankly admits that he is stupid, but communicates with people who seem to him "the smartest." Famusov's mind is dodgy, deceitful and serves him well for enrichment and deceit. Repetilov believes that "an intelligent person cannot but be a rogue."

Sometimes by mouth prominent representatives serfdom is given a description of itself.

For example, the Countess granddaughter:

"Well ball! Well Famusov! Know how to call guests!
Some freaks from the other world
And there is no one to talk to, and no one to dance with!

And among these people is Chatsky, who is going through:

“... A million torments
Breasts from a friendly vice,
Feet from shuffling, ears from exclamations,
And more than a head from all sorts of trifles.

An advanced person of that time, Chatsky condemns this society, denounces it in his monologues. The Famus society violently resists Chatsky, declaring him crazy.

Chatsky contrasts the slave morality of society with a high understanding of honor and duty. Chatsky is alone in this society: “And I am lost in the crowd,” he says. What he hoped for when he returned to Moscow collapsed. He met here:

"Crowd of tormentors,
In the love of traitors, in the enmity of the tireless,
Indomitable storytellers,
Clumsy wise men, crafty simpletons,
Sinister old women, old men,
decrepit over fiction, nonsense:
Insane you glorified me with all the chorus.
You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed,
Who will have time to spend the day with you,
Breathe in one air
And his mind will survive in him.

Chatsky says:

“... I’ll go looking around the world,
Where there is a corner for the offended feeling!

slide 1 Topic: Analysis of the episode "Ball at Famusov's House" based on the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". Target: analyze the episode "Ball at Famusov's House" and find out what place it occupies in comedy. slide 2 Tasks: 1. repeat the structure of the episode analysis plan; 2. to develop students' monologue speech, the ability to express their own point of view; work with text. 3. to educate the aesthetic feelings of students by means of poetic language, artistic reading.

Board epigraph Well ball! Well Famusov!Know how to call guests! A.S. Griboyedov

Episode - part literary work, relativeautonomy and completeness. climax- highest point

During the classes

I.Today at the lesson, guys, we will continue to work on the comedy of A.S. Griboedov "Woe from Wit", let's focus onIIIaction, namely, we will analyze the episode “The Ball in the Famusov House” and find out what place it occupies in the work. Portrait. slide3 Open your notebooks, write down the date, the topic of the lesson and lexical meaning words episode, climax. Guys, look at your notes in your notebook and recall the episode analysis scheme. (already in notebook) slide 4 1. What precedes the episode?2. Connection of the main idea of ​​the work with the idea of ​​the episode 3.Heroes 4.Composition 5. Artistic techniques6. The role of the episode in the work

In the previous lesson, we found out what exactly in II D begins to develop public conflict and getting more complicated love line comedy. Guys, how did it start? conflict Chatsky with Famusov? Remember them verbal duel and those moments of this duel that give us an idea of ​​the relationship between Famusov and Chatsky.slide 5 (prepared - Kupryukhina and Nigmatova)In what positions did they go? (Attitude to serviceAttitude towards foreignersAttitude towards serfsAttitude towards teachingrespect for wealth).So, the conflict began, Chatsky and Famusov disagreed. What will it continue? Ball in Famusov's house slide 6 1. Does Chatsky come to the ball calmly? What is his condition? - (Chatsky is excited that Sophia does not love him, he is annoyed, trying to find out who his rival is) - (Or rather: talk to Sofya why she preferred Molchalin, because he is stupid, and she is a smart girl). She laughs at Chatsky!) - (Having read sentimental novels, she fell in love not with the real Molchalin, but with the fictional one).Chatsky's irritation intensifies when meeting with guests. From this we understand that there is a direct connection between the main idea of ​​the work and the idea of ​​the episode. For what purpose do guests come to the ball to Famusov? (- some go to the ball out of boredom.)(- Others to make acquaintances with the right people) (- Still others, to arrange the fate of their children.)Who are these guests? Typical Moscow noble society of the early 19th century. - Gorichi husband and wife Slide 7 - The Tugoukhovsky family Slide 8 - Countess Hryumina Slide 9 - A.A. Zagoretsky Slide 10 - Old Khlestova slide 11 - Colonel Skalozub slide 12 - Molchalin slide 13 People of the same circle gather at the ball, there are no strangers here. And the established rules of conduct are the law. Famusov's guests condemn each other behind their backs. And Chatsky, with his truth and a critical outlook on life, Chatsky manages to quarrel with all the guests.

And now let's look at episode composition. She is not random either. Conventionally, the picture of the ball can be divided into three parts. Which? Name.

1. Chatsky's conflict with the guests of the ball.2. Rumor about madness.Slide 14 3. Sentence to Chatsky.Guys, do you think this ball scene was written in a comic or tragic way?Why did this episode make Griboyedov funny? Where was the evil laugh? How do you explain it?(in notebook)

In the comedy, Griboyedov gathered everyone in one place to show their vices, their stupidity, dementia, weak-heartedness, fear of the new, but the characters are afraid, fenced off. This scene is a battle between an empty and worthless crowd and a man who is unable to prove that he is right. What methods did Griboyedov use? - (Irony, satire, sarcasm)slide 15 Where did it come from rumor of madness Chatsky? D III Yavl 14 Sophia and G.N. Who is spreading the word? (Sophia)Target? (She takes revenge on Chatsky for the evil comments about Molchalin)Rumor spreads quickly, as secular society is used to the situation of rumors spreading. The soil has been prepared. Society simply longed for Chatsky to be crazy. And if Chatsky is normal, and everything he says is true, then this means that they are not all right. And this is impossible even to imagine. What did he say? Quote. (But if you tell the Countess’ granddaughter that she is angry because “she has been a girl for a whole century,” or if you tell Khlestova that she is an absurd, stupid old woman, you can be considered crazy for this). And Moscow society passes sentence on Chatsky. Which? - (crazy). And what is the reason? "Scholarship is the reason" D III phenomenon 21 (ROLE READING) (Famusov, Khlestova, Princess, Skalozub, Zagoretsky)So, gossip connects love and social conflicts, on the one hand, the hero behaves like he has gone crazy with love, on the other hand, his behavior is regarded as social insanity. Without suspecting it, the hero turned everyone against him. He utters a passionate monologue, stigmatizes the society gathered here, touches on very serious topics: issues of culture, morality, education, speaks about the fate of Russia. The development of the conflict reaches its highest point: society rejects Chatsky. We draw conclusions: That is why we call the episode "The Ball in Famusov's House" the climax in Griboyedov's comedy? (On the board lexical meaning)The guests leave and everyone scolds Famusov for a boring ball. Now you understand the indignation of the guests?

We read the epigraph.

Why are these words pronounced with such irony? What is meant? (Chatsky ruined the ball for them. No one fulfilled his mission at the ball: neither the suitors could be found, nor the right people to make acquaintances ... - and called everyone fools.)Conclusion: this is the behavior of people who do not know how, do not know how to behave with an objectionable person. And the waltz is a mask, a cover. The action ends with an open ending. Everyone should think... D / Z Composition - miniature “Why were the guests dissatisfied with the ball?”Summary of the lesson.

A. S. Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" consists of a number of small episodes-phenomena. They are combined into larger ones, such as, for example, a description of a ball in Famusov's house.

Analyzing this stage episode, we consider it as one of the important stages in resolving the main dramaturgical conflict, which consists in the confrontation between the “current century” and the “past century”.

Based on the principles of the writer's attitude to the theater, it is worth noting that A. S. Griboedov presented it in accordance with the traditions of classicism: not as an entertainment institution, but as a pulpit, a platform from which the author can express the most important thoughts so that Russia can hear them, to modern society saw her vices, and was horrified by them, and laughed at them.

Chatsky's clash with Famusov's Moscow, the bearer of these vices, seems inevitable from the very beginning of the comedy. The conflict develops rapidly from the very first appearances of the play and reaches its climax in the ball scene.

Griboedov gradually expands the circle of characters. First, we get acquainted with Famusov's house - with representatives of the Moscow aristocracy (the owner himself) and officials (Molchalin). When reading the second act, readers get the impression of military circles (the appearance of Skalozub). In the third act, the image of Molchalin is revealed and deepened, when Chatsky is fully aware of what kind of sacrifice for the sake of love Famus Moscow requires from him. And finally, the ball itself.

The routine of the metropolitan "light" is here in all its glory. These are typical representatives of the "past century", which is not going to give up its positions. These are the creators of "public opinion", merciless judges, whose verdict is beyond doubt, whose way of life, family structure and views are unshakable, the only true ones.

The role of the episode under study is also to show the reader and the viewer the most complete picture of the world against which Chatsky so violently rebels.

Shortly before that, Famusov utters the famous monologue “Taste, father, excellent manner ...” This lengthy praise ends with these words:

I will say emphatically: hardly

Another capital is found, like Moscow.

And now Moscow - in the house of Famusov.

Gorichi appears - a young secular lady and "a husband-boy, a husband-servant, from the wife's pages." Chatsky is surprised at such a rapid change in the way of life of his former comrade. By the way, the author constantly emphasizes this salient feature secular society - men are in a strange dependence on women, do not strive to be the main ones and are content with a miserable role. Do they think this state of affairs is abnormal? Not at all, the men are quite satisfied, although Platon Mikhailovich picturesquely complains about his lack of freedom to Chatsky.

Here appear the princes Tugoukhovsky with six daughters: daughters that do not differ from each other; a princess whose goal in life is to successfully marry them off; the elderly prince "on parcels" (the future of Gorich).

Countess Hryumina arrives - grandmother and granddaughter. The image of a grandmother is the result of the life of a secular lady: “someday I fell from that to the grave.” This unfortunate creature, almost crumbling on the move, is an indispensable attribute of any ball. Such is the successful, well-intentioned path of a secular lady, which every young lady, including Sophia, strives to accomplish: marriage, a role in secular living rooms, respect for others ... So, until the moment when “from the ball to the grave.”

Here is a full member Famus Society Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky. The old woman Khlestova, one of those whose court is “public opinion”, characterizes this hero as follows:

He is a liar, a gambler, a thief;

I was from him and the doors were locked;

Yes, the master to serve: me and sister Praskovya

I got two blacks at the fair;

Bought, he says, tea in the cards cheated;

A present for me, God bless him!

And at the very end, Repetilov appears - a parody of a revolutionary. The meaning of his feverish activity is expressed in the words: "We make noise, brother, we make noise ..."

And among this society of semi-provincial Moscow, where the "opinion of the world" is made up of grandmothers, aunts, daughters and granddaughters, where there are no higher "priestesses", and only reverent voices are heard about the trial of Tatyana Yurievna and Marya Alekseevna, Chatsky appears.

He does not even try to find a place for himself in this world, where it is not the person that matters, but the degree of his need, the ability to serve. Here relations do not reign between people, but between ranks and titles. So can the Moscow world consider Chatsky a sane person? After all, this would mean that his beliefs are reasonable, normal. No, it is dangerous for society, because it brings destruction. Naturally, it is outlawed. Chatsky for Famus Moscow is either a criminal or a madman. And it is more convenient for society itself to see him as a madman: after all, then all Chatsky’s denunciations are only the fruit of a sick imagination, one can even sympathize with him:

And I feel sorry for Chatsky.

In a Christian way; he deserves pity...

Chatsky-crazy society is not terrible. This is the main thing. That is why Sophia's slander was so easily and quickly believed by the world. “Crazy in everything,” the world of Famus passes judgment through the mouth of the jester Zagoretsky. And from that moment on, Chatsky was branded a madman. The protagonist, seeing others, listening to them, in the end he himself says:

... from the fire he will come out unharmed,

Who will have time to spend the day with you,

Breathe the air alone

And his mind will survive.

Chatsky and Famus society are incompatible, they live, as it were, in different dimensions. Light sees him as a madman, considering himself reasonable, normal. Chatsky, of course, considers his world, his beliefs to be the norm, and those around him appear before him only as the focus of vices. He sees not real people with his weaknesses, flaws, even small virtues - in front of him is something like a cabinet of curiosities, a gathering of monsters. And therefore Chatsky is offended, surprised, annoyed at himself for having decided to embark on arguments in front of such people. The main conflict of the play is resolved in the ball scene. The tragic loneliness of the protagonist is felt especially sharply here. Chatsky is superfluous in this world of hypocrisy and hypocrisy. And not just superfluous - he is a mortal enemy, and therefore an outcast. All the replicas, all the monologues of the hero, directed against the foundations of the Famus society, are so far useless. It is difficult to say that his time has not come. Chatsky is the first among the "superfluous" people of Russian literature. Always redundant. Always alone. But, in spite of everything, the eternal fighter. The eternal conscience of the era ...

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• Molchalin - character traits: desire for a career, hypocrisy, the ability to serve, laconicism, poverty of the lexicon. This is due to his fear of expressing his judgment. He speaks mostly in short sentences and chooses words depending on who he is talking to. There are no foreign words and expressions in the language. Molchalin chooses delicate words, adding postively "-s". To Famusov - respectfully, to Khlestova - flatteringly, insinuatingly, with Sophia - with special modesty, with Lisa - he is not shy in expressions. Especially […]
• Characteristics The current century The past century Attitude to wealth, to ranks “Protection from court in friends was found, in kinship, building magnificent chambers, where they overflow in feasts and extravagance, and where foreign clients of a past life will not resurrect the meanest traits”, “And for those, whoever is taller, flattery, wove like lace ... "" Be inferior, but if you have enough, two thousand generic souls, that is the groom" one uniform! He is in their former life [...]
• At the sight of a rich house, a hospitable host, elegant guests, one involuntarily admires them. I would like to know what these people are like, what they talk about, what they are fond of, what is close to them, what is alien. Then you feel how the first impression is replaced by bewilderment, then - contempt both for the owner of the house, one of the Moscow "aces" Famusov, and for his entourage. There are other noble families, heroes of the war of 1812, Decembrists, great masters of culture came out of them (and if great people came out of such houses, as we see in comedy, then […]
• The gallery of human characters successfully noticed in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is still relevant today. At the beginning of the play, the author introduces the reader to two young people who are opposite to each other in everything: Chatsky and Molchalin. Both characters are presented to us in such a way that a misleading first impression is formed of them. About Molchalin, Famusov's secretary, we judge from Sonya's words as an "enemy of insolence" and a person who is "ready to forget himself for others." Molchalin first appears before the reader and Sonya, who is in love with him […]
• The image of Chatsky caused numerous controversies in criticism. I. A. Goncharov considered the hero Griboedov "a sincere and ardent figure", superior to Onegin and Pechorin. “... Chatsky is not only smarter than all other people, but also positively smart. His speech boils with intelligence, wit. He also has a heart, and, moreover, he is impeccably honest, ”wrote the critic. About the same way, Apollon Grigoriev spoke about this image, considering Chatsky a real fighter, an honest, passionate and truthful nature. Finally, a similar opinion was shared by […]