M. A. Sholokhov is one of the most talented Russian writers. He is a master of creating atmosphere, color. His stories immerse us completely in the life and life of the heroes. This writer writes about complex things simply and clearly, without going into the wilds. artistic generalizations. His peculiar talent manifested itself in the epic " Quiet Don", and in short stories. One of these small works- the story "The fate of man", dedicated to the Great Patriotic war.

What is the meaning of the title of the story "The Fate of Man"? Why, for example, not "The Fate of Andrei Sokolov", but in such a generalized and indirect way? The fact is that this story is not a description of the life of a particular person, but a show of the fate of the whole people. Sokolov lived as usual, like everyone else: work, wife, children. But his ordinary, simple and happy life was interrupted by the war. Andrei had to be a hero, had to risk himself for the sake of protection home, families from the Nazis. And so did millions of Soviet people.

What helps Andrei Sokolov endure the trials of fate?

The hero went through the hardships of war, captivity, concentration camps, but what helps Andrei Sokolov to endure the trials of fate? The point is the patriotism of the hero, humor and, at the same time, will. He understands that his trials are not in vain, he is fighting against a strong enemy for his land, which he will not give up. Sokolov cannot dishonor the honor of the Russian soldier, because he is not a coward, does not cease to fulfill his military duty, and continues to behave with dignity in captivity. One example is the call of a hero in a concentration camp to the chief Muller. Sokolov spoke frankly about the camp working: "They need four cubic meters of working, but for the grave of each of us, even one cubic meter through the eyes is enough." This was reported to the authorities. The hero was taken out to be interrogated, he was threatened with execution. But the hero does not beg, does not show his fear to the enemy, does not refuse his words. Muller offers to drink for the German victory, but Sokolov rejects the offer, but for his death he is ready to drink not even one, but three glasses without blinking an eye. The stamina of the hero surprised the fascist so much that "Rus Ivan" was pardoned and awarded.

Why does the author call Andrei Sokolov "a man of unbending will"?

First of all, the hero did not break down, although he lost all his loved ones and went through hell on earth. Yes, his eyes are "as if sprinkled with ashes", but he does not give up, he takes care of the homeless boy Vanya. Also, the hero always acts according to his conscience, he has nothing to reproach himself with: if he had to kill, it was only for the sake of safety, he did not allow himself betrayal, he did not lose his composure. It is phenomenal that he has no fear of death when we are talking about the honor and defense of the motherland. But such is not only Sokolov, such is the people of unbending will.

Sholokhov in one fate described the will to victory of the whole people, which did not break, did not bend under the onslaught of a harsh enemy. “Nails should be made of these people,” said Sholokhov's colleague Mayakovsky. It is this idea that the writer embodies in his great creation, which still inspires us to accomplishments and feats. The strong-willed power of the human spirit, the Russian spirit, appears before us in all its splendor in the image of Sokolov.

How does Andrey Sokolov manifest himself in a situation of moral choice?

War puts people in extreme, critical circumstances, so it is then that all the best and worst in a person manifests itself. How does Andrey Sokolov manifest himself in a situation of moral choice? Once in German captivity, the hero saved from death an unfamiliar platoon leader, whom, as a communist, his colleague Kryzhnev was going to extradite to the Nazis. Sokolov strangled the traitor. It is difficult to kill one's own, but if this person is ready to betray the one with whom he risks his life together, can such a person be considered his own? The hero never chooses the path of betrayal, acts for reasons of honor. His choice is to stand up for his homeland and defend it at any cost.

The same simple and firm position manifested itself in the situation when he stood on the mat with Muller. This meeting is very indicative: the German, although he bribed, threatened, was the master of the situation, could not break the Russian spirit. In this conversation, the author showed the whole war: the fascist pressed on, but the Russian did not give up. No matter how hard the Mullers tried, the Sokolovs outplayed them, although the advantage was on the side of the enemy. Moral Choice Andrew in this fragment is the principled position of the whole people, who, although they were far, far away, supported their representatives with their invincible power in moments of severe trials.

What role did the meeting with Vanya play in the fate of Andrei Sokolov?

The losses of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War beat all records, as a result of this tragedy, entire families died, children lost their parents and vice versa. Main character story, he was also left completely alone in the world, but fate brought him together with the same lonely creature. What role did the meeting with Vanya play in the fate of Andrei Sokolov? The adult found in the child hope for the future, for the fact that not everything in life is over. And the child found the lost father. Let Sokolov's life not become the same, but you can still find meaning in it. He went to victory for the sake of such boys and girls, so that they live freely, not be left alone. After all, they are the future. In this meeting, the author showed the readiness of the people, exhausted by the war, to return to peaceful life, not to become hardened in battles and hardships, but to restore their home.

Vanyushka is an orphan boy of five or six years old from M. A. Sholokhov’s story “The Fate of a Man”. The author does not immediately portrait characteristic this character. He quite unexpectedly appears in the life of Andrei Sokolov - a man who went through the whole war and lost all his relatives. You won’t notice him right away: “he lay quietly on the ground, crouching under the angular matting.” Then, individual details of his appearance are gradually revealed: “fair-haired curly head”, “pink cold little hand”, “eyes as bright as the sky”. Vanyushka is an "angelic soul". He is trustworthy, inquisitive and kind. This Small child already managed to experience a lot, learned to sigh. He is an orphan. Vanyushka's mother died during the evacuation, was killed by a bomb on the train, and her father died at the front.

Andrei Sokolov told him that he was his father, which Vanya immediately believed and was incredibly happy about. He knew how to sincerely rejoice even in small things. He compares the beauty of the starry sky to a swarm of bees. This war-deprived child early developed a courageous and compassionate character. At the same time, the author emphasizes that only a small vulnerable child, who, after the death of his parents, spends the night, anywhere, was lying around covered in dust and dirt. His true joy and exclamatory sentences testify that he yearned for human warmth. Despite the fact that he almost does not participate in the conversation between the “father” and the narrator, he carefully listens to everything and looks closely. The image of Vanyushka and his appearance help to better understand the essence of the main character - Andrei Sokolov.

1. What character traits of Andrei Sokolov appeared in this fragment?
2. What role do artistic details play in the given fragment?

And here it is, the war. On the second day, a summons from the military registration and enlistment office, and on the third - welcome to the echelon. All four of mine accompanied me: Irina, Anatoly and daughters - Nastenka and Olyushka. All the guys were doing well. Well, the daughters - not without that, tears sparkled. Anatoly only twitched his shoulders, as if from the cold, by that time he was already in his seventeenth year, and Irina is mine ... I have been like her for all seventeen years of our life together never took it off. At night, on my shoulder and on my chest, the shirt did not dry out from her tears, and in the morning the same story ... They came to the station, but I can’t look at her from pity: my lips swelled from tears, my hair fell out from under the scarf, and eyes cloudy, senseless, like those of a man touched by the mind. The commanders announced the landing, and she fell on my chest, clasped her hands around my neck and trembled all over, like a cut down tree ... And the kids persuade her and I, - nothing helps! Other women talk to their husbands and sons, but mine clung to me like a leaf to a branch, and only trembles all over, but cannot utter a word. I tell her: “Pull yourself together, my dear Irinka! Tell me a goodbye word." She speaks and sobs behind every word: “My dear ... Andryusha ... we will not see each other ... you and I ... more ... in this ... world ... "
Here, from pity for her, his heart is torn to pieces, and here she is with such words. I should understand that it’s not easy for me to part with them either, I’m not going to my mother-in-law for pancakes. Evil has taken me! By force, I parted her hands and lightly pushed her on the shoulders. I kind of pushed it lightly, but my strength was stupid; she backed away, stepped back three paces, and again walked toward me with small steps, stretched out her hands, and I shouted to her: “Is that how they say goodbye? Why are you burying me alive ahead of time?!” Well, I hugged her again, I see that she is not herself ...
He abruptly cut off the story in mid-sentence, and in the ensuing silence I heard something bubbling and gurgling in his throat. Another's excitement was transferred to me. I glanced askance at the narrator, but I did not see a single tear in his seemingly dead, extinct eyes. He sat with his head bowed dejectedly, only his large, limply lowered hands trembled slightly, his chin trembled, his hard lips trembled...
- Don't, friend, don't remember! I said softly, but he probably did not hear my words and, having overcome his excitement with some enormous effort of will, he suddenly said in a hoarse, strangely changed voice:
- Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I will not forgive myself for pushing her away then! ..
He fell silent again and for a long time. He tried to roll a cigarette, but the newsprint was torn, tobacco fell on his knees. Finally, he nevertheless somehow made a little twist, several times greedily puffed and, coughing, continued:
- I broke away from Irina, took her face in my hands, kissed her, and her lips were like ice. I said goodbye to the kids, ran to the car, jumped on the bandwagon already on the go. The train took off quietly; to drive me - past my own. I look, my orphaned children are huddled together, they wave their hands at me, they want to smile, but it doesn’t come out. And Irina pressed her hands to her chest; her lips are as white as chalk, she whispers something with them, looks at me, does not blink, and she herself leans forward, as if she wants to take a step against a strong wind ... This is how she remained in my memory for the rest of my life: hands pressed to breasts, white lips and wide-open eyes full of tears... For the most part, I always see her like that in my dreams... Why did I push her away then? The heart is still, as I remember, as if they are cut with a blunt knife ...
(M.A. Sholokhov. "The fate of man")

Answer left the guest

The name of M. A. Sholokhov is known to all mankind. In the early spring of 1946, that is, in the first post-war spring, M.A. Sholokhov met by chance on the road unknown person and heard his confession. For ten years the writer had nurtured the idea of ​​the work, the events were becoming a thing of the past, and the need to speak out was increasing. And in 1956 he wrote the story "The Fate of Man". This is a story of great suffering and great endurance of a simple Soviet man. The best features of the Russian character, thanks to the strength of which the victory in the Great Patriotic War was won, M. Sholokhov embodied in the main character of the story - Andrei Sokolov. These are traits such as perseverance, patience, modesty, a sense of human dignity.
Andrey Sokolov is a tall, round-shouldered man, his hands are large and dark from hard work. He was dressed in a burnt padded jacket, which was darned by an inept male hand, and his general appearance was unkempt. But in the guise of Sokolov, the author emphasizes “eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes; filled with such inescapable longing. Yes, and Andrey begins his confession with the words: “Why did you, life, cripple me like that? Why so distorted? . And he can not find the answer to this question.
Life passes before us ordinary person, Russian soldier Andrey Sokolov. . From childhood I learned how much "a pound is dashing", in civil war fought against the enemies of the Soviet regime. Then he leaves his native Voronezh village for the Kuban. Returns home, works as a carpenter, mechanic, driver, creates a family.
With heartfelt trepidation, Sokolov recalls his pre-war life, when he had a family, he was happy. The war broke the life of this man, tore him away from home, from his family. Andrei Sokolov goes to the front. From the beginning of the war, in its very first months, he was twice wounded, shell-shocked. But the worst was waiting for the hero ahead - he falls into Nazi captivity.
Sokolov had to experience inhuman torments, hardships, torments. For two years Andrei Sokolov endured the horrors of fascist captivity. He tried to escape, but unsuccessfully, dealt with a coward, a traitor who is ready, to save his own skin, to betray the commander.
Andrei did not drop the dignity of a Soviet person in a duel with the commandant of a concentration camp. Although Sokolov was exhausted, exhausted, exhausted, he was still ready to face death with such courage and endurance that even a fascist was struck by this. Andrei still manages to escape, he again becomes a soldier. But troubles still haunt him: ruined native home, his wife and daughter were killed by a Nazi bomb. In a word, Sokolov now lives only in the hope of meeting his son. And this meeting took place. For the last time, the hero stands at the grave of his son, who died in last days war.
It seemed that after all the trials that fell to the lot of one person, he could become embittered, break down, withdraw into himself. But this did not happen: realizing how hard the loss of relatives and joyless loneliness, he adopts the boy Vanyusha, whose parents were taken away by the war. Andrei warmed, made happy the orphan soul, and thanks to the warmth and gratitude of the child, he himself began to return to life. The story with Vanyushka is, as it were, the final line in the story of Andrei Sokolov. After all, if the decision to become Vanyushka's father means saving the boy, then the subsequent action shows that Vanyushka also saves Andrei, gives him the meaning of his future life.
I think that Andrei Sokolov is not broken by his difficult life, he believes in his strength, and despite all the hardships and hardships, he still managed to find the strength in himself to continue living on and enjoy his life!