A. S. Pushkin."Eugene Onegin". A person sometimes, not noticing his happiness, passes by. When the feeling of love arises in him, it becomes too late. This is what happened to Eugene Onegin. At first he rejected the love of a village girl. After meeting her a few years later, he realized that he was in love. Unfortunately, their happiness is impossible.

M. Yu Lermontov."Hero of our time". Pechorin's true love for Vera. His frivolous attitude towards Mary and Bela.

And S. Turgenev."Fathers and Sons". Yevgeny Bazarov denied everything, including love. But life forced him to experience this true feeling for Anna Odintsova. The stern nihilist could not resist the mind and charm of this woman.

and A. Goncharov."Oblomov". Lyubov Oblomov Olga Ilyinskaya. Olga's desire to pull Ilya out of a state of indifference and laziness. Oblomov tried to find the purpose of life in love. However, the efforts of the lovers were in vain.

A. N. Ostrovsky. It is impossible to live without love. Proof of this is, for example, the deep drama that Katerina went through, main character plays by A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm".

I.A. Goncharov. "Oblomov". The great power of love is the theme of many writers. Often a person is able to change even his life for the sake of a loved one. However, this is not always possible. For example, Ilya Ilyich, the hero of the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov", for the sake of love he abandoned many of his habits. Olga, having experienced disappointment, leaves Oblomov. The mutually enriching development of their relationship did not work out, because the desire to vegetate "crawling from one day to another" turned out to be stronger for Ilya.

L.N. Tolstoy. Love is a great feeling. It can change a person's life. But it can bring a lot of hope and disappointment. However, this state can also transform a person. Such life situations were described by the great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace". For example, after the hardships of life, Prince Bolkonsky was convinced that he would never again experience happiness and joy. However, the meeting with Natasha Rostova changed his view of the world. Love is a great power.

A. Kuprin. Sometimes it seems that poetry disappears from our life, the magical beauty of love, that people's feelings are diminished. Faith in love still amazes readers with the story of A. Kuprin “ Garnet bracelet". It can be called an exciting hymn of love. Such stories help to keep the faith that the world is beautiful, and people sometimes have access to the inaccessible.

I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". The influence of friendship on the formation of personality is a serious topic that worried I. A. Goncharov. The heroes of his novel, peers and friends, I. I. Oblomov and A. I. Stolz, are shown in almost the same way: childhood, environment, education. But Stolz tried to change his friend's sleepy life. His attempts were unsuccessful. After the death of Oblomov, Andrei took his son Ilya into his family. That's what real friends do.

I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". Friendship is about mutual influence. Relationships are fragile if people do not want to help each other. This is shown in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". Ilya Ilyich's apathetic, difficult to climb nature and Andrey Stolz's young energy - all this spoke of the impossibility of friendship between these people. However, Andrei made every effort to encourage Oblomov to some kind of activity. True, Ilya Ilyich could not adequately respond to his friend's concern. But the desires and attempts of Stolz deserve respect.

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". Friendship is not always strong, especially if it rests on the subordination of one person to another. A similar situation was described by Turgenev in the novel Fathers and Sons. Arkady Kirsanov was at first a fierce supporter of Bazarov's nihilistic views and considered himself his friend. However, he quickly lost his conviction and went over to the side of the older generation. Bazarov, according to Arkady, was left alone. This happened because friendship was not equal.

N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba" (about friendship, partnership). The fact that "there is no holier than the bonds of partnership" is said in the story of N. Gogol "Taras Bulba".

Essay requirements for the exam last years changed repeatedly, but one thing remained unchanged - the need to prove the correctness of their judgments. And for this you need to choose the right arguments.

The problem of repentance will interest us in the first place. In this article, we will present several options for arguments selected from the school bibliography. From it you can choose those that are best suited for your work.

What are the arguments for?

When writing an essay for part C, you need to express your opinion on a given topic. But your thesis needs proof. That is, it is necessary not only to express your position, but also to confirm it.

Very often, the problem of repentance comes across in exams, it is quite easy to find arguments for it if the student is well acquainted with the school literary curriculum. However, not everyone manages to immediately recall the desired work, so it is better to pick up a few arguments on the most common topics in advance.

What are the arguments

In order to fully reveal the problem of repentance, the arguments must be selected based on the basic requirements of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. According to them, all evidence is divided into three types:

• Personal experience, that is, facts taken from your life. They do not have to be reliable, because no one will check whether this actually happened.
• Information that was obtained by the student from the school curriculum. For example, from the lessons of geography, history, etc.
• Literary arguments, which will interest us in the first place. This is the reading experience that the examinee must acquire during the course of study.

Arguments from literature

So, we are interested in the problem of repentance. Arguments from the literature will be required if you want to get a high score for an essay. At the same time, when choosing arguments, it is necessary to give priority to those works that are included in school curriculum or are considered classics. You should not take the texts of little-known authors or popular literature (fantasy, detective stories, etc.), as they may be unfamiliar to the inspectors. Therefore, it is necessary to refresh in advance the main works that were studied in school years. Usually in one novel or story you can find examples on almost all topics found in the exam. The best option would be to immediately select several works that are familiar to you. So let's take a look at a classic that raises the issue of remorse.

The Captain's Daughter (Pushkin)

In Russian literature, the problem of repentance is very common. Arguments are therefore quite easy to pick up. Let's start with our most famous writer A. S. Pushkin and his novel The Captain's Daughter.

In the center of the work is the love of the protagonist Peter Grinev. This feeling is wide and comprehensive, like life. What interests us in this feeling is that it was thanks to him that the hero realized the evil that he had caused to his loved ones, realized his mistakes and was able to repent. Thanks to the fact that Grinev revised his views on life and attitude towards others, he was able to change the future for himself and his beloved.

Thanks to repentance, his best qualities appeared in Peter - generosity, honesty, disinterestedness, courage, etc. We can say that it changed him and made him a different person.

"Sotnik" (Bulls)

Now let's talk about Bykov's work, which presents a completely different side of the problem of repentance. Arguments from the literature can be different, and you need to choose them depending on your statement, so it is worth stocking up on a variety of examples.

Thus, the theme of repentance in "The Centurion" is not at all similar to Pushkin's. First of all, because the characters themselves are different. Partisan Rybak is captured, in order to survive, he needs to hand over a comrade to the Germans. And he does this. But years pass, and the thought of betrayal does not leave him. Remorse overtakes him too late, this feeling can no longer fix anything. Moreover, it does not allow Rybak to live in peace.

In this work, repentance did not become an opportunity for the hero to get out of the vicious circle and get rid of suffering. Bykov did not consider Rybak worthy of forgiveness. On the other hand, a person must answer for such crimes all his life, since he betrayed not only his friend, but also his own and those close to him.

"Dark alleys" (Bunin)

The problem of remorse can also be seen in another light. Arguments for writing on the exam should be varied, so let's take Bunin's story "Dark Alleys" as an example. In this work, the hero did not have enough strength to admit his mistakes and repent, but retribution overtook him. Once in his youth, Nikolai seduced and abandoned a girl who sincerely loved him. Time passed, but she was never able to forget her first love, so she refused the courtship of other men and preferred solitude. But Nikolai did not find happiness either. Life severely punished him for his misdeed. The hero's wife is constantly cheating on him, and the son has become a real scoundrel. However, all this does not lead him to thoughts of repentance. Here, repentance appears before the reader as an act that requires incredible spiritual efforts and courage, which not everyone can find in themselves. It is for indecision and lack of will that Nikolai pays.

As an argument, an example from " dark alleys” is suitable only for those who, in their thesis, turned to the problem of retribution and retribution for those who did not repent of their atrocities. Only then will the mention of this work be appropriate.

"Boris Godunov" (Pushkin)

Now let's talk about the problem of belated remorse. The arguments for this topic will be slightly different, since we will be interested in only one of the aspects of repentance. So, this problem is perfectly revealed in Pushkin's tragedy "Boris Godunov". This example is not only literary, but also partly historical, as the writer refers to the description of the epoch-making events that took place in our country.

In "Boris Godunov" the problem is very clearly presented late regret. Arguments for written work on this topic must be selected taking into account the Pushkin tragedy. In the center of the work is the story of Godunov, who ascended the royal throne. However, he had to pay a terrible price for power - to kill the baby, the real heir, Tsarevich Dmitry. Several years have passed, and now it is time to repent. The hero is no longer able to correct what he has done, he can only suffer and suffer. His conscience does not give him rest, bloody boys begin to seem to Godunov everywhere. Those close to the king understand that he is weakening and going crazy. The boyars decide to overthrow the illegal lord and kill him. Thus, Godunov dies for the same reason as Dmitry. Such is the retribution of the hero for a bloody crime, repentance for which overtook him only after a few years.

The problem of human repentance. Arguments from Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment"

The theme of repentance has become the basis for another great work, which has gained considerable popularity and love among readers.

The protagonist commits a crime to prove his inhuman theory about lower and higher people. Raskolnikov commits a murder and begins to suffer, but tries in every possible way to drown out the voice of his conscience. He doesn't want to admit he's wrong. Repentance becomes a turning point in the life and fate of Raskolnikov. It opens the way for him to faith and true values, makes him reconsider his views and realize what is truly precious in this world.

Dostoevsky throughout the whole novel led his hero precisely to repentance, to the admission of his guilt. This feeling made the best traits of Raskolnikov's character appear and made him much more attractive. Although the hero nevertheless suffered punishment for his crime, and it turned out to be very severe.

The problem of repentance: arguments from life

Now let's talk about another type of arguments. Such examples are very easy to find. Even if nothing like this has happened in your life, you can invent it. However, such arguments are rated lower than literary ones. So, for a good book example, you will get 2 points, and for life - only one.

Arguments based on personal experience rely on observations of one's own life, the lives of parents, relatives, friends and acquaintances.

Need to remember

There are several general requirements for any essay, including those that deal with the problem of guilt and remorse. Arguments must necessarily confirm the thesis expressed by you and in no case contradict it. It is also necessary to take into account the following points:

• Checkers only consider and evaluate the first two arguments, so there is no point in giving more examples. It is better to pay attention not to quantity, but to quality.
• Remember that literary arguments are ranked higher, so try to include at least one such example.
• Do not forget about examples taken from folklore or folk tales. Similar arguments are also taken into account, but are evaluated with only one point.
• Remember that for all arguments you can score 3 points. Therefore, it is best to follow the following pattern: one example from folklore or personal experience, the second - from the literature.

Now a few words about how to write a literary argument correctly:

• Be sure to include the last name and initials of the author and the full title of the work.
• It is not enough to name the writer and the title, you need to describe the main characters, their words, actions, thoughts, but only those that are related to the topic of the essay and your thesis.
• The approximate amount of text per argument is one or two sentences. But these figures ultimately depend on the specific topic.
• Start giving examples only after you have expressed your position.

Summing up

Thus, the problem of repentance is widely represented in the literature. Arguments for the exam in the Russian language, therefore, it will not be difficult to pick up. The main thing is that all your examples confirm the thesis and look concise and harmonious. Often the main problem of the examinees is not the choice of the work, but the description of it. Expressing an idea in a few sentences is not always easy. In order to avoid such a problem, you need to practice in advance. Take a piece of paper and try to concisely and clearly describe your judgments, without breaking out of the declared volumes.

The main thing is not to lose confidence and prepare as best as possible, then it will not be difficult to get.

Frost's antipode - Pavel Mechik. In the novel, he is an "anti-hero". This is a young boy who joined the detachment only out of curiosity. But he immediately became disillusioned with the ideas, for the sake of which he "ceased" to be an urban intellectual. But the Sword hid it from everyone. The people who surrounded Paul brought him many disappointments, because they turned out to be incompatible with the “ideal” heroes that their ardent youthful imagination created them. still weak, because in the further narrative he betrays the members of the detachment. The sword was put on patrol by Levinson, the head of the detachment, but Pavel considered this not true and, having not fulfilled his duty, disappeared into the forest, which led to the death of the detachment. “... The swordsman, who had already driven quite far, looked back: Frost was riding behind him. Then the detachment and Morozka disappeared around the corner ... He dozed off. He did not understand why he had been sent ahead. He threw up his head, and the sleepy state instantly left him, replaced by a feeling of incomparable animal horror: there were Cossacks on the road ... "

The sword disappeared and saved only his own life, putting the lives of the squad members on the map. Fadeev focuses not on the battles themselves, but on the time between us, when there comes a moment of respite, rest. These seemingly “peaceful” episodes are full of internal tension and conflict: be it the case of killing a fish, confiscating pork from a Korean, or waiting for the result of Metelitsa reconnaissance. Such a construction is deep meaning narratives: moral, ideological and political problems and their philosophical understanding are important. The train of thought of the characters, their behavior, internal throwing in relation to everything that happens around - this is what Fadeev called "the selection of human material."

In this regard, the image of Frost, one of the heroes of the novel, is interesting. Actually, his presence in the center of the work is explained by the fact that he is a model of a new person undergoing a “remake”. The author spoke about him in his speech: “Morozka is a man with a difficult past ... He could steal, he could swear roughly, he could lie, get drunk. All these traits of his character are undoubtedly his great shortcomings. But in difficult, decisive moments of the struggle, he did what was necessary for the revolution, overcoming his weaknesses. The process of his participation in the revolutionary struggle was the process of the formation of his personality ... "

Speaking about the selection of "human material", the writer had in mind not only those who turned out to be necessary for the revolution. People "unsuitable" for the construction of a new society are ruthlessly discarded. Such a hero in the novel is Sword. It is no coincidence that this person, by social origin, belongs to the intelligentsia and consciously joins the partisan detachment, guided by the idea of ​​the revolution as a great romantic event. Mechik's belonging to a different class, despite his conscious desire to fight for the revolution, immediately alienates those around him. “To tell the truth, Frost did not like the rescued at first sight. Frost did not like clean people. In his life practice, these were fickle, worthless people who could not be trusted. This is the first certification that the Mechik receives. Morozka's doubts are in tune with the words of V. Mayakovsky: "An intellectual does not like risk, / He is red in moderation, like a radish." Revolutionary ethics is built on a rigidly rational approach to the world and man. The author of the novel himself said: “The sword, another“ hero ”of the novel, is very“ moral ”from the point of view of the ten commandments ... but these qualities remain external to him, they cover up his inner egoism, lack of devotion to the cause of the working class, his purely petty individualism ". Here, the morality of the ten commandments and devotion to the cause of the working class are directly contrasted. The author who preaches the triumph of the revolutionary idea does not notice that the combination of this idea with life turns into violence against life, cruelty. For him, the professed idea is not utopian, and therefore any cruelty is justified.

Love to motherland

1) Warm love for the Motherland, We feel pride in her beauty in the works of the classics.
Subject heroic deed in the fight against the enemies of the Motherland, it also sounds in M. Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Borodino”, dedicated to one of the glorious pages of the historical past of our country.

2) The theme of the Motherland is raised in the works of S. Yesenin. Whatever Yesenin writes about: about experiences, about historical turning points, about the fate of Russia in "severe terrible years", - each Yesenin image and line is warmed by a feeling of boundless love for the motherland: But most of all. Love for native land

3) Famous writer told the story of the Decembrist Sukhinov, who, after the defeat of the uprising, was able to hide from the police bloodhounds and, after painful wanderings, finally got to the border. Another minute - and he will gain freedom. But the fugitive looked at the field, the forest, the sky and realized that he could not live in a foreign land, far from his homeland. He surrendered to the police, he was shackled and sent to hard labor.

4) Outstanding Russian the singer Fyodor Chaliapin, who was forced to leave Russia, always carried some kind of box with him. Nobody knew what was in it. Only many years later, relatives learned that Chaliapin kept a handful of his native land in this box. It is not for nothing that they say: the native land is sweet in a handful. Obviously, the great singer, who passionately loved his homeland, needed to feel the closeness and warmth of his native land.

5) The Nazis, having occupied France was offered to General Denikin, who fought against the Red Army during the civil war, to cooperate with them in the fight against the Soviet Union. But the general responded with a sharp refusal, because the homeland was dearer to him than political differences.

6) African slaves exported to America yearned for their native land. In desperation, they killed themselves, hoping that the soul, dropping the body, could, like a bird, fly home.

7) The scariest punishment in ancient times was considered the expulsion of a person from a tribe, city or country. Outside your home - a foreign land: a foreign land, a foreign sky, a foreign language ... There you are all alone, there you are nobody, a creature without rights and without a name. That is why leaving the homeland meant for a person to lose everything.

8) Outstanding Russian hockey player V. Tretiak was offered to move to Canada. They promised to buy him a house and pay him a big salary. Tretyak pointed to heaven and earth and asked: “Will you buy this for me too?” The answer of the famous athlete confused everyone, and no one else returned to this proposal.

9) When in the middle In the 19th century, an English squadron besieged Istanbul, the capital of Turkey, and the entire population stood up to defend their city. The townspeople destroyed their own houses if they interfered with the Turkish guns to conduct aimed fire at enemy ships.

10) One day the wind decided to cut down the mighty oak that grew on the hill. But the oak only bent under the blows of the wind. Then the wind asked the majestic oak: "Why can't I defeat you?"

11) Oak answered that it is not the trunk that holds it. Its strength lies in the fact that it has grown into the earth, holding on to it with its roots. This simple story expresses the idea that love for the motherland, a deep connection with national history, with the cultural experience of the ancestors makes the people invincible.

12) When over England the threat of a terrible and devastating war with Spain loomed, then the entire population, hitherto torn by hostility, rallied the axis around its queen. Merchants and nobles equipped the army with their own money, people of simple rank signed up for the militia. Even the pirates remembered their homeland and brought their ships to save it from the enemy. And the "invincible armada" of the Spaniards was defeated.

13) Turks in time their military campaigns captured captured boys and youths. Children were forcibly converted to Islam, turned into warriors, who were called Janissaries. The Turks hoped that deprived of spiritual roots, having forgotten their homeland, brought up in fear and humility, the new warriors would become a reliable stronghold of the state.

The main character of the story "Yushka" is a poor blacksmith's assistant, Yefim. In the people, everyone simply calls him Yushka. This still young man, due to consumption, early turned into an old man. He was very thin, weak in hands, almost blind, but he worked with all his might. Early morning Yushka was already in the smithy, fanning the forge with fur, carrying water and sand. And so the whole day, until the evening. For work, he was fed cabbage soup, porridge and bread, and instead of tea, Yushka drank water. He was always dressed in old
pants and blouse, burnt through with sparks. Parents often said about him to negligent students: “Here you will be the same as Yushka. You will grow up and you will walk barefoot in the summer, and in thin boots in the winter. Children often offended Yushka on the street, threw branches and stones at him. The old man was not offended, calmly walked by. The children did not understand why they could not get Yushka out of themselves. They pushed the old man, laughed at him, and rejoiced that he could do nothing with the offenders. Yushka was also happy. He thought that the children pestered him because they loved him. They cannot express their love in any other way, and therefore they torment the unfortunate old man.
Adults were not much different from children. They called Yushka "blissful", "animal". From the meekness of Yushka, they came to even greater bitterness, often beat him. Once, after another beating, the blacksmith's daughter Dasha asked in her hearts why Yushka lives in the world at all. To which he replied that the people love him, the people need him. Dasha objected that people beat Yushka to the blood, what kind of love is that. And the old man replied that the people love him "without a clue", that "the heart in people is sometimes blind." And then one evening a passer-by clung to Yushka on the street and pushed the old man so that he fell backwards. Yushka no longer got up: the blood went down his throat and he died.
And after a while a young girl appeared, she was looking for an old man. It turned out that Yushka placed her, an orphan, in Moscow with a family, then taught at school. He collected his meager salary, denying himself even tea in order to raise the orphan to his feet. And so the girl learned to be a doctor and came to cure Yushka of his illness. But didn't have time. It's been a long time. The girl stayed in the city where Yushka lived, worked as a doctor in a hospital, always helped everyone and never took money for treatment. And everyone called her the daughter of the good Yushka.

So at one time people could not appreciate the beauty of the soul of this man, their heart was blind. They considered Yushka a useless person who has no place on earth. To understand that the old man did not live in vain, they could only learn about his pupil. Yushka helped a stranger, an orphan. How many are capable of such a noble selfless act? And Yushka saved up his pennies so that the girl would grow up, learn, use her chance in life. The veil from the eyes of people fell only after his death. And now they are already talking about him as a "good" Yushka.
The author urges us not to become stale, not to harden our hearts. Let our heart "see" the need of every person on earth. After all, all people have the right to life, and Yushka also proved that he did not live it in vain.