The Museum of History and Nature of Karadag is located in the village of Kurortnoe, on Nauki Street, 24. It was opened in 1915, a year after the founding of the scientific station. For everyone here there is an opportunity to see with their own eyes the best specimens of live and inanimate nature, which were obtained on the territory of the present reserve, are skillfully processed and carefully preserved to give the descendants a chance to get an idea of ​​the incredible riches of our nature.

A little history about the museum

The first thing a visitor gets acquainted with is a layout map of Kara-Dag, next to which you can get information about the importance of this zone for science, how geographical objects arose and developed. If you are interested in what their names say, the guide will dedicate the secrets of the appearance of unusual names. In addition, inquisitive visitors can get a brief excursion into history and look at personal belongings and memorable photographs of the founder, Terenty Vyazemsky. In 2004, the museum collection was replenished, after which more than 600 exhibits became in the hall, with an area of ​​103 sq.m.

Samples of geological studies

The Museum of the Karadag Nature Reserve gives an opportunity to all people interested in learning about the features of rocks and minerals to have a closer look at the amazing beauty of jasper, carnelian, chalcedony. In addition, sedimentary rocks are presented in the form of clay and sandstones. Basalt rocks that appeared as a result of the most powerful eruption of an ancient volcano on the peninsula. Samples of the quartz group attract the most admiring glances. It is also worth stopping for a few minutes near the collection of agates: the palette of colors and variety of patterns captivates.

Fauna of the nature reserve

Animals appear before tourists in the form of stuffed animals. They look very natural, skillful taxidermists managed to preserve their individual character, both in single works and in interesting compositions. Among them is the attack of a goshawk on a pheasant, a fox with cubs. A variety of birds, snakes, animals, inhabitants of the underwater kingdom give an understanding of how rich the nature of this region is. Incredible Collections insects will help you find out which of them should be feared during the excursion, and which are absolutely harmless.

Flora of Karadag

For nature lovers vacationing in Crimea, there is an opportunity to visit a wonderful corner of nature on the Crimean peninsula - the Karadag Reserve. And before traveling, you can always get complete information about nature, the unique flora and fauna of these places in a very informative museum of nature.

Story

The museum exposition began on the basis of the scientific station at the beginning of the twentieth century. In 1914-1915, a rather spacious, well-lit room in the basement of the laboratory building was allocated for museum exhibits, special museum cabinets were purchased and two exhibitions were organized: zoological and geological. Since then, there has been a constant addition and modification of the collection. By the seventies of the last century, the museum's exposition consisted of a complete geological collection, consisting of more than one thousand samples, about two hundred hydrobiological exhibits and ten stuffed birds. In the nineties, the room where the museum was located was used exclusively as a laboratory.

The turning point in the fate of the museum was its restoration in 2004, when an updated museum exposition was opened.

Today, the Museum of Nature is available to everyone who wants to get acquainted with the nature of these places. It consists of a hall with an area of ​​one hundred and three square meters and a small depository of funds. The entire exposition is divided into sections dedicated to the history, geology, mineralogy, nature of the land and the fauna of the Black Sea. The exposition includes six hundred exhibits.

In the first section, the materials tell about the scientific station itself and the history of the Karadag Reserve. The opening of the station took place in 1914, and from the very first days it turned into a serious scientific organization.

About the reserve

The need to assign the status of a reserve to the Karadag massif was justified in 1922. Even then, scientists understood that the Karadag nature, unique relief and magnificent landscapes are in no way inferior to the famous Yellowstone Park of the United States of America.

However, only since 1963, Karadag first became a natural monument of local, and later of republican significance. Today, the reserve occupies two thousand eight hundred hectares, including the sea area of ​​eight hundred nine hectares. The flora and fauna of the reserve is amazing. More than two and a half species of plants grow here, among which there are many endemics - plants that live only in this area. These places are inhabited by a large number of animals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, fish, shellfish. Many of them can be seen in the museum exposition dedicated to the landscape complexes of the reserve.

A unique museum about virgin nature Karadag

Here, photographs of plants and herbariums alternate with skillfully made stuffed birds and animals that convey specific natural scenes taken from the life of the inhabitants of the reserve.

A fox with cubs warily looks into the distance, a goshawk attacked a pheasant, a concentrated badger looks out for prey, a curious stone marten looks out from its shelter - all the reproduced plots are so captivating that they can be considered endlessly. There are many ducks and other representatives of waterfowl, a large number of passerines, as well as swans, herons, loaves, and shelducks on display. Stuffed owls, kites and other species of birds of prey look impressive. There are reptiles and amphibians here. Stuffed stingrays, sharks, and many other fish species of the Black Sea basin are placed in a stylized marine environment, which is a model of the underwater rocks of Karadag and a painted background in the form of sea depths. The museum has an excellent collection of insects. It contains delightful butterflies with elegant wings, numerous arachnids, including the deadly karakurt that lives in these parts, and other insects.

Special attention in the museum exposition is given to rare and endangered species.

Attention is drawn to the extensive geological and mineralogical collection, which presents samples characteristic of Karadag. rocks, many varieties of quartz, often found carnelian, chalcedony, and other minerals. It is no coincidence that Karadag is called a pantry of minerals.

The Museum of the History of Karadag allows you to get to know the unique flora and fauna of this natural place, with pages that are inaccessible to a simple observer, to feel the peculiar nature of the Crimea from the inside and prepare for its further knowledge while hiking along the nature reserve trail.

Museum of Nature Karadag video

The museum welcomes visitors all year round.
Working mode from May 1 from 8.00 to 17.00, break from 12.00 to 13.00 seven days a week.
Acceptance of group applications by phone. +7-36562-26287, +7-978-75-61-454.
Tickets for adults - 100 rubles, for children (from 7 to 14 years old) - 50 rubles, children under 7 years old - free of charge, adult ticket - from 14 years old.

On September 23, 1914, the Karadag scientific station named after T.I. Vyazemsky. The Board of Trustees for the Karadag Scientific Station of the Society for Promoting the Advances of Experimental Sciences and Their Practical Applications, consisting of the chairman Academician A.P. Pavlov, manager T.I. Vyazemsky, his assistant A.F. Sludsky set one of the tasks of the station to create a museum that "determined the properties and composition of local scientific material, would give indications of possible scientific work at the Station."
The Museum of History and Nature of Karadag was founded in 1915. For him, a bright and large room was chosen in the basement of the laboratory building and "two large museum-type cabinets were purchased for storage and exhibition of collected collections in geology and zoology." In April 1916 A.F. Sludsky writes to A.P. Pavlov: “The museum has already begun its small business: recently an excursion of students from the Yekaterinoslav Mining Institute arrived ... and the students got their first acquaintance with the rocks and minerals of Karadag in our museum.” About successful scientific and educational activities extracts from 1923-1927 testify. from the Guest Book of the Station Museum, which are preserved in the archive of its first director A.F. Sludsky.
Later, in the prewar and post-war years, the exposition of the museum was changed and supplemented, and by the 70s of the last century it had a full-fledged (more than 1000 exhibits) geological collection, about 200 hydrobiological exhibits, as well as a small (10 pieces) number of stuffed birds. The museum held lectures with schoolchildren, students, visitors, which contributed to the promotion of scientific knowledge.
At present, the Museum of History and Nature of Karadag occupies an exposition hall with an area of ​​103 sq. m and a depository of funds with an area of ​​22.5 sq. m. The following sections are presented in the exposition: historical, geological and mineralogical, nature of the land, the Black Sea. The total number of exhibits is more than 600 units. Over 25,000 people visit the museum during a calendar year.
In the structure of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "KNS - PZ RAS" the Museum of History and Nature of Karadag continues the traditions of scientific and educational activities and is not only a repository of natural values ​​​​and local history relics, but also an object of environmental education. The purpose of museum work, first of all, is the dissemination of complete, versatile and objective information about the state and dynamics of natural processes; formation of a personal, interested attitude of visitors to the nature of the Crimea. The ecological component in the work of the museum is determined by the specifics of the collections.
The exposition of the Museum of History and Nature of Karadag is a well-organized system of information about the nature of the southeastern Crimea, it is aesthetically and emotionally attractive and is designed for an audience of different ages. A large textual, illustrative and cartographic material has been prepared for each section of the exposition. To ensure that sections of the exposition are interesting for visitors different ages and training, experts offer three levels of information presentation. The first level is the external form: scenery, collections of rocks and minerals, stuffed animals, insects, multimedia, photographs. Second level information - descriptions, maps, diagrams, drawings. Information for specialists is the third level and is stored in the information and reference apparatus of the museum. All the main elements of the exposition (forests, steppes, reservoirs, etc.) are interconnected and function together as part of one big picture - a natural reserve system. This approach helps visitors to understand how all parts of the ecosystem are interconnected and to see that even its small components play an important role in its functioning.
The tour of the exposition hall of the Museum of History and Nature of Karadag begins with an acquaintance with the layout map "Karadag and its environs". Visitors get acquainted with the toponymy and orography of the area, as well as receive information about the environmental significance of the territory.
The historical section of the exposition tells about the main stages in the development of a scientific institution at the foot of Karadag. On stands and in showcases are demonstrated rare photos and personal belongings of the founder of the Karadag scientific station - Terenty Ivanovich Vyazemsky. Many materials about the life of the station and its employees were obtained from the archives of the family of the first director, Alexander Fedorovich Sludsky.
The following is information about the history of hydrobiological research in the Karadag water area and the first dolphinarium in the USSR, built in 1977. modern life and activities of the institution.
Stands with names and discoveries of several generations of geologists represent the centenary history of the research of the Karadag mountain range. The logical continuation of this topic is the acquaintance with the geological and mineralogical part of the exposition, which presents typical samples of the main groups of igneous rocks of the Karadag mountain range. These include basalts, andesites, trachytes, and dacites. A significant group of rocks is distinguished under the name of volcanic tuffs. In all its diversity, the minerals of the group of zeolites, alkaline and alkaline earth elements are demonstrated. Most Interest visitors are evoked by minerals of the quartz group (SiO2). In addition to rock crystals with perfect natural cut and samples of milky white quartz, chalcedony is widely represented here, distinguished by its individuality: agates with concentric and linear patterns, moss agate with carnelian, multicolored agate. They surprise with the play of red-pink shades of carnelian. A special mood is created by a scattering of variegated pebbles found in the bays of the protected Karadag, which until recently was called “Koktebel pebbles”. The museum's collection contains single-color jaspers - green, yellow, wax, pink, as well as spotted (brocade) and striped agate. The latter have beautiful patterns and picturesque landscape drawings. Varieties of calcite - a companion of chalcedony and zeolite - are represented by regular whole crystals in geodes, Icelandic spar, coarse-grained aggregates in placers. Samples of sedimentary rocks are quite fully represented in the collection: sandstones, clays, gypsums, etc.
The location of Karadag on the border of land and sea, mountains and plains, at the junction of the temperate and subtropical climatic zones, led to the formation of a complex boundary natural complex. The museum displays seasonal photographs, botanical and zoological exhibits and collections in accordance with their belonging to the following protected landscapes:
- mountain and forest landscapes;
- shilyakovy (from drought-resistant heat-loving deciduous shrubs and stunted trees) and steppe landscapes at the foot of low-mountain ranges;
- landscapes of sea coasts with a strip of beaches, with abrasive cliffs and halophytic (capable of tolerating high levels of soil salinity) vegetation.
The exposition of the museum, dedicated to the mountain-forest landscapes of the reserve, contains photographs and herbarium samples of tree species - downy oak with acorns, sessile oak, tall ash in autumn decoration, common hornbeam; shrubs are represented: flowering and fruiting dogwood, elegant tannery, euonymus, privet. The decoration of the Karadag forest in spring is rare protected plants: folded snowdrop, two-leaved blueberry, Crimean peony. Particular attention is drawn to a plant that is dangerous to human health - the ash tree.
The fauna of the reserve is represented by skillfully created exhibits of artistic taxidermy. Excellent work by taxidermist O.B. Spivakov absolutely fully can be used for demonstration, educational and scientific purposes. In each of them you can see the distinctive characteristics of the species, the uniqueness of the animal and the features of its behavior in nature. Mammals of the mountain-forest landscapes of the reserve are represented by the composition "Fox with cubs", exhibits: wild boar, stone marten, badger, squirrel. More than 50 stuffed animals demonstrate the variety of forest birds. The attention of visitors is attracted by a miniature yellow-headed beetle on a pine branch, hard-working handsome woodpeckers, and a bright jay. Behind the glass of shop windows, you can see the singers invisible in nature - the nightingale and the thrush, and also compare the features of the appearance of the Crimean owls: the smallest - splyushka and the largest - eagle owl.
The atmosphere of the spring flowering of the mountain slopes is conveyed by a series of photographs representing shilyak and steppe landscapes at the foot of the Karadag ridges. The population of fragrant tulip and fine-leaved peony pleases with its brightness, photographs of rare endemic species - Transhel's navel and Poyarkova's hawthorn attract attention. Compositions of skillfully preserved herbarium specimens make it possible to examine and study the communities of herbaceous plants growing in fescue-feather grass and petrophytic (stony) steppes. In addition, vegetation of rocks and stony outcrops is represented: ephedra, ironwort, thyme, etc., adapted to harsh soil and climatic conditions.
The caves and grottoes of the reserve have become a habitat for very vulnerable animals in need of protection. It - the bats- land echolocators belonging to the order of bats. Thanks to high-quality photographs and stuffed animals of a large horseshoe bat and pointed-eared bat, you can get acquainted with external features these unfamiliar nocturnal mammals.
Other representatives of the fauna of the reserve's steppe landscapes are demonstrated no less naturally and vividly. In our time, only in the museum you can see typical steppe dwellers living on Karadag in the last century - rodents - a large jerboa and a gray ground squirrel. Among the variety of birds (more than 60 stuffed animals), large exhibits stand out: a rare guest of Karadag - a black vulture, two predators from the Red Book - peregrine falcons and saker falcons. The mountain slopes are nesting places for the stone partridge - keklik, in the bushes they find shelter for whitethroats and buntings. Examining the exhibits, one can determine the features of adaptation of animals to their environment.
The entomological section of the museum's exposition is represented by a collection of insects (more than 200 species). Among the butterflies, large exhibits of the hawk moth family stand out, they delight with the amazing heavenly color of the wings of the pigeon, they attract attention: a rare handsome podalirium, elegant peacock eye and swallowtail. On the gray stone there is a bright purple Crimean ground beetle - a relict protected endemic of the peninsula. Bandaged empusa froze among the grass - the rarest among praying mantises.
Amphibians are presented in small compositions and photographs: green toad, tree frog, spadefoot and reptiles: Crimean gecko, Crimean lizard, yellow-bellied snake, snakes and snakes of Karadag.
The section of the museum exposition dedicated to the landscapes of sea coasts and fresh water bodies in the vicinity of the reserve consists of more than 90 exhibits, compositions and photographs. The bird population of Karadag reaches its maximum species diversity during spring and autumn migrations. For the migration route, many migratory birds use the border of land and sea, therefore, the shores of the Karadag mountain range and the non-freezing coastal water area were chosen not only by permanent feathered inhabitants, but also by many waterfowl migrating from the north. Looking at the exhibits, you can get acquainted not only with the external signs of the species, but also make sure that the life of these birds depends entirely on the aquatic environment. The description of the coastal strip is supplemented by a series of photographs of the flora of the seashores: the Koktebel katran, the yellow machka, and seaweed.
The water area of ​​the reserve is presented in the exposition section of the museum, which acquaints visitors with the main characteristics of the Black Sea. Cartographic and schematic materials contain information on area and volume, depth and currents, salinity and chemical composition sea ​​water of one of the most inland seas of the Atlantic. The uniqueness of the deep-water Black Sea basin is noted - the presence of the lower hydrogen sulfide layer. Tables of the composition of marine flora and fauna contain data on the water area of ​​the Karadag nature reserve, as a typical area of ​​the open coast. In a separate showcase there is a herbarium collection of algae - macrophytes of the Black Sea. In addition to poster information, the section contains a model of the underwater part of the rocky shores of Karadag.
A visit to the museum gives tourists, students and schoolchildren the opportunity to get acquainted with the world of protected nature, to slightly open the unknown and inconspicuous pages of the life of plants and animals at different times of the year.

The Soviet protected area had good tradition– create at sanctuaries museum complexes, telling about the reasons for the protection of a particular territory, its riches and the history of protection. The Museum of Nature of Karadag is one of the oldest in the Crimea. What is the peculiarity of this place and why does it deserve tourist attention?

Where is the Museum of Nature located on the map

It is located in the village of Kurortnoye, not far from the mini-hotels "Aravan", "Rodina", "Parus", "Sevil", "Iskander" and "Elina". Nearby you will also find the Karadag Dolphinarium.

Worthy Veteran

The fact is that there is reason to believe that the indicated tradition of naming museums in this way was born just in Karadag. In 1914, shortly after the creation of a scientific station near the ancient volcano, a decision was formulated by the trusteeship commission on the speedy formation of museum collections and expositions.

The center was opened the following year. True, it consisted of only two special exhibition cabinets located in the basement of the laboratory. But the institution began to bring benefits almost immediately - in 1916, students of the Mining Institute from Yekaterinoslav (famous in Soviet times Dnepropetrovsk Mining Institute).

Since then, the museum has come a long way. The original two closets turned into 100 sq. m of exhibition space, plus there is a special room for storing funds. It underwent a major renovation in 2004 (creating the right conditions for preserving historical documents and natural materials is not as easy as casual visitors think), and since then the average number of visitors per year has reached 25,000 people.

Preparing for a walk

A visit to the Karadag Nature Museum is usually included in the programs of tours of the object passing through its administration. Such a visit helps future guests of the protected area to better understand where they will go and what exactly they should look at.

You can visit the museum just like that - for certain categories of vacationers (the elderly and people with poor health), walking along the ecological trail over rough terrain may not be possible. Some species of animals and plants can be found in Crimea only in hard-to-reach places or at specific times of the year, and a visit here is the only way for the average tourist to get to know them. Ticket prices here are very modest, and discounts are provided.

Also, the employees of the institution are constantly engaged in educational work and popularization of knowledge about. Various kinds of lectures, specialized classes for young students and tourists of various categories turn the complex into the most important organization engaged in promoting environmental ideas to the masses. This is also typical of Soviet "natural museums" in.

For a long time, the premises of this place were also used for their original purpose - as a research laboratory. Such an application does not contradict the concept in any way.

A photo museum halls allow you to make sure that the institution has gone far from the original two cabinets. The biological department presents flora and fauna in the form artistic compositions showing real objects(herbarium specimens or stuffed animals) and their natural habitat. The picture is complemented by photographic illustrations showing examples of landscapes typical for the habitat of a particular species. The coastal area is presented in a similar way - with installations and photographs. And a collection of colorful Crimean insects can cause an attack of envy among jewelry lovers.

The richest part of the museum is geological. tourists,
Those who come to rest in one of the resort villages located next to the protected mountain traditionally bring home beautiful multi-colored pebbles - the local shores are very rich in it. After visiting, you can do it consciously and distinguish single-colored jaspers from brocade agates. Valuable stones found in the surroundings in nature are also presented - amethysts, moss agates, rock crystal. Many samples of sedimentary rocks are exhibited, including those with imprints of ancient organisms.

There is also a historical section. It contains documents telling about the creation and development of the station, personal belongings and books of its founders, published by the monograph staff. A separate stand is dedicated to the first in the USSR and scientific work based on it. A large part of the department tells about the geological discoveries made on the basis of local materials, and about the scientists who made these discoveries.

The name is translated from Turkic as "land of blue peaks". It is located twenty kilometers from Feodosia in a wide bay near the extinct volcano Karadag.

A lot of different impressions await you, both from communicating with the unique nature, which has its own special energy, and from getting to know the history of the village and the people who left their mark on it.

One of these people is an artist, poet, translator, philosopher and literary critic Maximilian Alexandrovich Voloshin. He lived most of his life in Koktebel, the nature of which inspired the artist to create his best works. You will visit the literary and memorial museum of A.V. Voloshin, one of the largest in the Crimea. This house has been visited by many celebrities. Bulgakov and Mandelstam, Alexei Tolstoy and Maxim Gorky, Gumilyov and the Tsvetaeva sisters rested here. After the revolution, a rest house for people of creative professions was opened here.

Today, the Voloshin Literary and Memorial Museum has more than eighteen thousand exhibits. On the first floor there is a literary exposition, and on the second floor there is an artist's studio.

Next, you will have a fascinating journey on a pleasure boat along the coast, towards the extinct Volcano Karadag. The Frog Bay is very interesting - the name was given to it by huge stones that look like frogs. The famous "Golden Gate" is located in the Serdolikovaya Bay - thirty meters from the shore in the sea there is a basalt arch. It is of natural origin.

is located in the vicinity of Koktebel - the village of Kurortnoe. The museum exhibits wonderful world flora and fauna of the Karadag reserve. You will see stuffed birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians and other inhabitants of the sea area and the Karadag mountain range. The Museum of Nature of Karadag presents a collection of various, including rare, minerals. Here you can get acquainted with the unique geology - the extraordinary landscape of the mountain range and the history of an extinct volcano.

Ancient Armenian Surb-Khach Monastery (Holy Cross) is located in the Old Crimean forest on the slope of Mount Grytsya (Holy Cross, Holy, Monastyrskaya), 3.5 km south-west of the city of Stary Krym. it architectural complex buildings built at different times. The monastery has been the center of spiritual attraction for Armenians for many centuries, a shrine, a place of pilgrimage. The Armenian colonies did not have territorial borders, their own centralized administration, administrative connection with the metropolis. All this was replaced by the church, spiritually rallying the Armenians, thanks to which they preserved in a foreign land native language, customs, writing, faith. At various times, many figures of Armenian culture lived and worked in Surb Khach. The remains of medieval frescoes are still preserved on the walls of the temple and gavit, and the miniatures made on the pages of manuscripts are mostly kept at the Institute of Ancient Manuscripts. Mashtots - Matenadaran.

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