Meshcheryakov meaning. Forgotten Cossack army or Meshcheryak in the service of the Cossacks

The surname Meshcheryakova is associated with the original habitat of the ancestors of the person-bearer of the surname. Meshchera - ancient tribe who lived in the first millennium along the middle course of the Oka River. Accordingly, a person from this tribe was called Meshcheryak. At the end of the 15th century, the lands of Meshchera (modern Meshchera, the Meshcherskaya lowland) were donated to people from the Kazan kingdom who had transferred to the service of the tsar, who also began to be called Meshchera or Kasimov Tatars. Today, Ryazan, Tambov and Penza regions are located on this territory. Here this surname occurs especially often.

According to another, less truthful version, Meshcheryakov's surname goes back to the word "meshchery", which in Saratov dialects means "impolite, impolite; clumsy person." Meshcheryak, eventually received the name Meshcheryakov.

The meaning of the word "Meshcheryakov"

Mikhail Grigorievich (1910-94), Russian physicist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991; corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1953). Major works on nuclear physics, high energy physics. One of the leaders in the construction of the first Soviet synchrocyclotron at 680 MeV. State Prize of the USSR (1951, 1953). --- Nikolai Leonidovich (1865-1942), Russian publicist, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939). Since 1918, a member of the editorial board ... Read the full description of the word "Meshcheryakov"

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The meaning and origin of the name Meshcheryakov

The Meshcheryakov family name is derived from a personal nickname and belongs to a common type of Russian surnames.

Since ancient times, there has been a tradition in Russia to give a person a nickname in addition to the name he received at baptism. The fact is that there were relatively few church names, and they were often repeated. A truly inexhaustible supply of nicknames made it easy to distinguish a person in society. As sources could be used: an indication of the occupation, the characteristics of the character or appearance of a person, the area from which the person was a native.

The surname Meshcheryakov comes from the nickname of a distant male ancestor Meshcheryak. The inhabitants of Meshchera were called Meshcheryak (like Siberians, Tula) - this was the name of the territory east of Ryazan, after the name of the people of Meshchera, who the Russians found there in the 9th century. The Finno-Ugric tribe of the Meshchera, who lived in the Oka region, was subordinated to the Polovtsy, which explains the "Turkic character of the later Meshcheryaks."

Later, Meshchera was settled by Tatars, and the name “Meshcheryak” was transferred to them, but by the time the surnames appeared, the concept of “Meshcheryak” already referred to the Russian population of the Ryazan left bank of the Oka, and only in the northern part of the Tambov province and the northwestern part of the Penza province still meant a representative local non-Russian population.

The meaning of the name Meshcheryakov

There is another interpretation of the origin of the ethnonym, which more convincingly explains the existence of the surname in the Urals: "Meshcheryak is a people of the Turkic language group living in Bashkiria and the Urals."

Thus, the nickname Meshcheryak could be given both to a representative of the nationality called "Meshchera", "Meshcheryaki", "Mishari", and to a Slav or Tatar who lived on the territory of the Meshchera lowland. This nickname has long been recorded in historical documents: Meshcheryak Pestrikov son of Kachalov, mid-16th century, Novgorod; Matvey Meshcheryak, Cossack ataman, associate of Yermak Timofeevich, died in the battle of Tobolsk in 1585.

Origin of the Meshcheryakov family

The generally accepted model of Russian generic names did not take shape immediately, but by the beginning of the 17th century, most surnames were formed by adding the suffixes -ov / -ev and -in to the base - the name or nickname of the father, which gradually became typical indicators of Russian family names. By their origin, such names were possessive adjectives, patronymics. Thus, the descendants of a person who bore the name Meshcheryak could receive the name Meshcheryakov.

When and where exactly the nickname of the ancestor formed the basis of the inherited surname, today it is difficult to say unequivocally, since the process of formation of Slavic generic names lasted for centuries. However, there is no doubt that the name Meshcheryakov is a wonderful monument Slavic writing and culture.

Reveal the secret of the surname MESHCHERYAKOVA(in Latin transliteration MESCHERYAKOVA) looking at the results of the calculation in the numerological magic of numbers. You will discover hidden talents and unknown desires. Perhaps you do not understand them, but you feel that you do not know something about yourself and your loved ones.

The first letter M of the surname MESHCHERYAKOV will tell about the character

These are people ahead of events. You are very fond of planning for the future: today's deeds and love fade before the future. However, you have a warm heart and impeccable imagination, and your smile is simply charming. Therefore, dreaming about a distant princess (prince), do not forget about those who surround you - they are real companions of your life, and they will give you happiness.

Characteristic features of the surname MESHCHERYAKOV

power
comfort
unity with nature
impermanence
lack of systematic
talkativeness
resilience
insight
passion
emotionality
vigor of self-expression
endurance
nervousness
insight
diligence
shyness
pedantry
industriousness
great emotionality
mysterious unrest
dogmatism
constant pressure
self-confidence
generosity
intelligence
striving forward
intelligence
Creative skills
self-esteem

MESHCHERYAKOVA: the number of interaction with the world "1"

People who are under the influence of one are destined by fate to go forward - to where surprises, dangers, troubles, oddities can lie in wait ... In a word, anything. Such people look back only to make sure that no one is left behind on the way. But if he is behind, it does not matter; The "one-man" is almost always sure that few are worthy of following him, but even among them there may be those who will not be in trouble. True, those who are not indifferent to him are often driven by a few people - there are very few such people and their fate is not easy.

Those who are used to shifting their problems onto others, trusting other people's opinions and taking into account any advice and recommendations, in the society of the “one-man” will enjoy the calmness and predictability of the situation, however, you should come to terms with the fact that the person of the one will act exactly as considers it necessary. In most cases, he is sure that he knows better what should be done, and will not doubt his innocence even when his error becomes obvious to others.

The “One” rarely changes his judgments under the influence of others, but he himself is not distinguished by constancy, therefore his life is varied and full of surprises. Having clearly outlined his goal, he strives for it only as long as overcoming obstacles gives him pleasure. Then the priorities change, and it is almost impossible to return the “man of the unit” to the previous rails, so it would be a big mistake to count on his constancy.

The bright individuality of the people of the unit is largely due to the fact that they like to be in the spotlight and catch admiring glances. Such a person willingly talks not only about his victories, but also about defeats - after all, even the latter can be painted very, very colorfully.

"Ones" benefit from studying, but they, with rare exceptions, prefer to instruct others on the true path, rather than learn lessons. It should be noted here that people of the unit usually have enough strength and energy to endure the blows of fate, even if they are struck again and again by the same rake. Trying to keep such a person from making mistakes is not worth it: he always defends his freedom, including the freedom to err, to tempt fate, to go the difficult and dangerous path. If, for some reason, the "one-man" is still under the influence of others, he is usually unhappy and does not bring those around him the benefit that he could bring.

MESHCHERYAKOVA: the number of spiritual aspirations is "8"

Eight is the number of aspirations of the soul, giving a person a great desire for independence. For such people there is no authority. Their own thoughts and idealistic ideas about the world make them outcasts and renegades. However, great determination and the ability to dictate their own rules lead the G8 people to recognition and deserved leadership in the team.

The lust for power, wealth and fame abounds. Desiring to provide a decent standard of living for his family, a person of number eight can set foot on a dangerous path, but natural caution will not allow him to suffer from his own indiscretion. The sooner such a person finds the most suitable business for himself, the sooner he will gain authority, and the more measured his life will be.

If this does not happen, then the "eight" plunges into the fight against stereotypes, prejudices, norms and seeming injustice. The eternal battle deprives people of the number eight of strength and vigor, as well as the likelihood of finding their happiness. "Eights" often have the ability of an entrepreneur, but do not risk their money. Their business is successful, and partners and investors are honest.

Good luck accompanies the people of the eight only when the right direction is chosen for self-expression and realization. Life only with its own interests leads to melancholy, despondency and loneliness, but selfishness fades away as soon as the understanding comes that the more you give, the more you gain.

Number eight people have great ambitions, but do not always find the strength to realize them. The ability to convince, to captivate others opens up considerable opportunities for associates, however, an overly difficult choice of a leader is punished by his own like-minded people with a stab in the back. Resourcefulness helps you navigate difficult situation, and speech, backed up by sound arguments, inspires boundless confidence.

The worst version of the Eight is impatient, devoid of prudence, capricious and incredibly picky in love relationships, but even this one always listens to the voice of reason and will reconsider his actions if he is convinced that this is necessary to fulfill his plan.

MESCHERIAKOVA: the number of true features "2"

People born under the influence of the deuce are gladly accepted in any company. Moving towards their goal, they definitely will not go over their heads, will not indulge in intrigues and will not break the rules. They are more interested in finding a compromise or giving in to an opponent than trying to impose their own point of view. People of the deuce with diligence perform any business, for them there is no insignificant work.

Losers are indispensable workers: they not only unquestioningly obey their superiors and avoid conflicts, but also strive to establish informal relationships in a collective. These people are friendly and sociable, they easily adapt to a new company and are able to keep up a conversation even with uncommunicative guests.

A person under the influence of a deuce has a bright charisma. He is self-confident, uses his charm without embarrassment and can turn from a sweet dreamer into a cunning manipulator, although he quickly repents and loses interest in deceit. The loser feels most comfortable when demonstrating the best traits of his character: taking care of friends and loved ones, helping those in need, showing himself as a wonderful spouse and parent.

These people do not like to break the rules, since harshness and aggressiveness are completely uncharacteristic of them. However, they will not blindly obey either, since they always have their own point of view on ongoing events, although they are in no hurry to share it with others.

Those born under the influence of the deuce do not always manage to cope with difficulties, they are nervous if they realize that the efforts made have been in vain. However, they prefer not to accumulate negativity in themselves, but to strive towards new dreams and goals.

Dreaming of the general well-being, people of the deuce, as a rule, begin with their own family. It cannot be said that everything is easy for them, but these tireless workaholics know how to enjoy even the smallest things. Perfect family, Fixed salary, faithful friends- that's what brings real happiness to the loser.

A study of the history of the emergence of the Meshcheryakov family opens up forgotten pages in the life and culture of our ancestors and can tell a lot of interesting things about the distant past.

The Meshcheryakov family name is derived from a personal nickname and belongs to a common type of Russian surnames.

Sources: Tupikov N.M. Dictionary of Old Russian personal proper names, Dal V.I. Dictionary of the living Great Russian language, Vasmer M. Etymological dictionary of the Russian language, in 4 volumes, Veselovsky S.B. Onomasticon, Unbegaun B.O. Russians

Meshcheryak - “a resident of Meshchera - that was the name of the territory east of Ryazan, according to the ethnonym of the Meshchera people, which the Russians found there in the 9th century; later, Meshchera was settled by Tatars, and the name Meshcheryak was transferred to them, but by the time the surnames appeared, Meshcheryak already belonged to the Russian population of the Ryazan left bank of the Oka, and only in the northern part of the Tambov province and the northwestern part of the Penza province still denoted a representative of the local non-Russian population "( Nikonov, p.70).

The ethnonym Meshcheryak is usually correlated with the name of the Finno-Ugric tribe Meshchera, who lived in the Oka region and was subordinate to the Polovtsy, which explains the "Turkic character of the later Meshcheryak" (Fasmer). The nickname of the Yermakov Cossack Meshcheryak is clearly explained: “from Meshchera” (Skrynnikov, p. 188). B.-O. Unbegaun also identifies the names of Meshcheryakov and Meshcherinov, singling out the “Turkic Finno-Finnish tribe Meshchera” as a common basis for them (Unbegaun, p. 109,111).

But there is another interpretation of the origin of the ethnonym, which more convincingly explains the existence of the surname in the Urals: “Meshcheryak is a people of the Turkic language group living in Bashkiria and the Urals” (Fedosyuk, p.150). V.F. Zhitnikov refers the surname to the number formed “from the names of nationalities” without any clarifications (Zhitnikov, p. 35).

The confusion and lack of development of the issue is reflected in the dictionary of E.A. Grushko and Yu.M. By order of Ivan the Terrible, the lands of the Meshchera (which is on the Meshchera lowland) were granted to immigrants from the Kazan Khanate who went to the service of the tsar - they were also called the Meshchera, or Kasimov Tatars. By this time, the local region was already quite populated by Russians, who, by the way, also called themselves Meshchera. If we add to this that the Meshcheryaki (Mishari) descendants of the Turks live together with the Russians in Bashkiria and the Urals, it becomes clear: it is extremely difficult to determine the nationality of those who bear the surnames: Meshcherin, Meshcherinov, Meshcheryakov" (Grushko, Medvedev. P. 291 ).

The surname could also be based on a name that goes back to the same ethnonym: “Meshcheryak Pestrikov, son of Kachalov, mid-16th century, Novgorod” (Veselovsky I). Wed also: Meshchery - Sarat. “Courteous, impolite; clumsy" (Dal).

In Belosludskaya sl. (Verkhotursky U.) lived a "granary clerk" Zakhar Meshcheryakov, a native of the city of Tyumen, where his father was "in a hut in a clerk's hut"; he had sons Vasily, Boris and Evtikhy (1680 census); cf. about him: “Zakharko Meshcheryakov, wrote by hand, in Verkhoturye, 1679” (Tupikov).

In 1693/94, a native of Sarapul (now in Udmurtia), a peasant Andrei Denisovich Meshcheryakov (census of 1695), settled in the Katai prison, but by the time the personal lists were compiled in 1709, he “fled with his wife and children.”

The ancestor of the Meshcheryakovs from the parish of Kalinovskaya sl. was one of the founders of this settlement (“slobodchik”) in 1674, the peasant Alexei Ivanovich Meshcheryakov, of whose four sons the two eldest, Pimen and Daniil, carried out the “Pushkar service” (census 1710); in the census of 1719, the gunners of this settlement Ivan and Pimen Alekseevich Meshcheryakov are mentioned, in the house of the latter lived the father and "daughter-in-law of the dragoon Danilov wife of Meshcheryakov, the widow of Fedosya Ivanova."

In 1822, in the parish of Kalinovskaya sl. the surname was carried by the peasants (especially a lot - in the settlement itself, there is also a retired soldier). The surname is found in the Dalmatovsky, Kamensky, Kamyshlovsky, Sukholozhsky districts, in Yekaterinburg (Memory; T 1974).

The text is taken from Aleksey Gennadyevich Mosin's book Dictionary of Ural Surnames, Yekaterinburg Publishing House, 2000. All copyrights reserved. When quoting the text and using it in publications, a link is required.

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