Obesity is a pathological condition in which the volume of adipose tissue increases. In the absence of proper treatment, it can lead to serious consequences: from metabolic disorders to the deterioration of the functioning of organs and systems.

Visceral obesity is a condition where fatty deposits accumulate in the internal organs. The liver and heart are the first to suffer from this.

Note! The disease is insidious in that for a long time it may not manifest itself in any way.

The organ next to which fat accumulates can no longer work as before. His activity is disrupted. If untreated, over time, fat becomes more and more. As a result, he closes the organ in a ring. This leads to serious complications. The disease can eventually lead to the death of the patient.

Human heart with visceral obesity

Important! The more a person gains weight, the higher his blood pressure becomes.

In addition, excess weight can provoke a number of other serious diseases and pathologies, such as lipid metabolism disorders, diabetes mellitus, and various diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

You can determine if you are overweight by calculating your body mass index. This is done using a special formula:

BMI = weight (kg) / height (m) * 2.

For example, if a person weighs 50 g, and his height is 1 meter 64 cm, then the formula will look like this:

BMI \u003d 50 / (1.64 * 1.64) \u003d 18.5 kg / m2.

To find out if you are overweight or not, use the table:

Category	BMI
Norm	18,5 – 24,9
Overweight	25-29,9
Obesity	Above 30

A BMI greater than 30 means that the person is obese. This condition is a risk factor for the occurrence of various cardiovascular diseases, so a person needs to lose weight.

Important! You need to lose weight slowly. A sharp decrease in it is stress for the body, which can lead to serious consequences.

The target or optimal weight is the indicator to which one should strive for when correcting the figure. It is influenced by parameters such as height, gender and age.

The norm of body weight in accordance with the age and height of a person.

Effect on blood pressure

If previously a person did not have problems with blood pressure, and after the appearance overweight it began to rise frequently, then most likely a person develops essential hypertension. It will be characterized by the following symptoms:

• promotion blood pressure(BP) up to 140/90 mm. rt. Art.;
• general weakness;
• headache;
• hearing and vision impairment.

People who are obese often suffer from arterial hypertension at the same time. But why, the higher the degree of obesity, the higher the blood pressure indicators become?

The fatty layer secretes acids into the bloodstream, thereby disrupting lipid metabolism and contributing to the appearance of fatty plaques on the walls of blood vessels. As a result, atherosclerosis occurs and, accordingly, blood pressure rises. Thus, the flow of blood to many organs is disrupted. To fix this, the heart has to work faster. The load on the heart muscle increases and, in addition to hypertension, patients develop myocardial hypertrophy.

Important! If a person suffers from both hypertension and obesity, then his risk of developing a heart attack and stroke increases several times.

Treatment

The first thing people suffering from visceral obesity should do is to lead an active lifestyle. As a rule, physical activity is given fat people hardly. After 5-10 minutes of training, they are overcome by severe fatigue. In addition, charging will cause increased sweating, tachycardia and shortness of breath. Therefore, the load for each person should be determined individually, since physical overstrain will only bring harm to the body.

In addition to physical activity, patients should adhere to the following rules:

• give up bad habits;
• breathe fresh air - take daily walks, regularly ventilate the room;
• do not be nervous;
• sleep at least 8 hours a day.

If after several months there is no improvement in the condition, then drug therapy should be prescribed to patients.

We list the drugs that are most often prescribed for the treatment of visceral obesity:

1. Orlistat. The course of treatment with the drug can last from several months to 4 years. The drug depresses the feeling of hunger, but it does not have a negative effect on the human psyche
2. Metformin is a drug whose action is aimed at reducing the amount of fat absorbed in the intestine. Most often, it is prescribed to people who have a concomitant disease - type 2 diabetes. At medicinal product there are also side effects - intestinal disorders.

Note! It is better for people who suffer from visceral obesity not to use diuretics and dietary supplements. Treatment of the disease should be under the supervision of a specialist.

If medication does not bring a positive result, then patients will most likely need surgery. These include:

• shunting on the small intestine;
• reduction in the volume of the gastric reservoir.

Diet

Proper nutrition is an important component of the treatment of visceral obesity and hypertension. The main goal of the diet should be to reduce the weight of the patient. A nutritionist should adjust the patient's diet. First of all, it is necessary to exclude from it following products:

• fast food;
• fatty, fried and salty foods;
• carbonated drinks;
• flour;
• alcohol;
• sweets (chocolate, cakes, etc.);
• smoked meats.

The patient's diet should include foods that contain few calories. You need to eat more fruits and vegetables. To prevent hunger, eating should occur 5-6 times a day, but you need to eat in small portions. The patient's menu should also include the following products:

• lean meats and fish;
• low-fat dairy products;
• Rye bread;
• pasta from durum wheat and whole grain cereals in limited quantities;
• juices, compotes, green tea.

Note! A person suffering from hypertension and visceral obesity should consume as many foods rich in magnesium and potassium as possible (apples, nuts, legumes, etc.).

exercise therapy

With visceral obesity and hypertension, doctors often prescribe exercise therapy. This is done in order to strengthen the human body. Therapeutic gymnastics improves the functioning of the heart and blood vessels, has a beneficial effect on the nervous system, and normalizes metabolism.

In addition, in the process of performing exercises, motor-vascular reflexes and vascular tone improve.

Note! Therapeutic gymnastics and exercise therapy should be prescribed by a specialist. The method of carrying out depends primarily on the stage of the disease.

In order to maintain a normal state and stop the progression of the disease, experts advise patients to adhere to the following tips:

1. Dieting will help you lose weight.
2. Lead an active lifestyle - do gymnastics, walk in the fresh air.
3. Limit fluid intake (up to 1 liter per day).
4. Carry out rehabilitation activities - sanitary-resort treatment, massage, therapeutic baths, etc.

Visceral obesity is a very serious pathology. It occurs most often against the background of metabolic disorders. In the absence of the necessary therapy, the disease can progress and lead to irreversible consequences. Often obesity is accompanied by hypertension. Treatment of the disease should be comprehensive and take place under the strict supervision of a physician. Only in this case it will be possible to achieve positive results.

“If the weight is overweight, it should be reduced” - with this phrase, the section on lifestyle changes with high blood pressure JNC VI.

The basis for this phrase was 10 years of observation of people with different weights. The study assessed the likelihood of developing hypertension over 10 years, depending on the initial body weight. For this, a database of 2 giant studies was combined excess weight and pressure Nurses Health Study (only women were included) and Health Professionals Study (only men were included).

It is interesting to note that patients who had fluctuations in excess weight (gain and decrease >9.0 kg and >4.5 kg, respectively) clearly demonstrated an upward trend in BP.

- Weight gain:

• ❖ increases the volume of extracellular fluid;
• ❖ increases cardiac output;
• ❖ increases sympathetic activity nervous system;
• ❖ forms insulin resistance;
• ❖ increases the activity of the RAAS.

- Reducing excess weight:

• ❖ lowers the volume of extracellular fluid;
• ❖ reduces cardiac output;
• ❖ reduces the activity of the sympathetic nervous system;
• ❖ normalizes insulin sensitivity;
• ❖ normalizes the activity of the RAAS.

Has the results of 3 controlled studies evaluating the effect of weight loss on blood pressure.

HPT (Hyperstension Prevention Trial) study. This study included 380 women aged 25-49 who had diabeticcapital blood pressure from 78 to 89 mm Hg. and BMI=23-25 ​​kg/m 2 . Participants were randomized into 3 groups. Participants in the first group of the study reduced their daily calorie intake so that by the 6th month they would reduce excess weight by 5%. In the second group, participants reduced their daily caloric intake, similarly to the first group, and reduced their NaCl intake (50% reduction in Na excretion).+ with urine). Participants in the third group did not perform any of these actions. The study was conducted for 36 months.

Compliance in the study was low and amounted to 60-70% by the 12th month. In those who followed the treatment regimen, it was found that by the 6th month in the first group, body weight decreased by 5.76 kg, which led to a decrease in systolic blood pressure by 5.1 mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure by 2.8 mm Hg. Art. (R<0,001). Однако в последующий период наблюдения из-за низкой комплаентности была отмечена тенденция к прибавке лишнего веса и достоверность различий исчезла.

The TORP-I study included men and women (mean age 43 years) who were significantly overweight [mean BMI-29.9 kg/m 2 (from 26.1 to 36.1 kg / m 2 )] and the normal level of diastolic blood pressure is 80-89 mm Hg. The follow-up period was 4.5 years. Patients randomized to the first group were advised to limit their caloric intake, primarily from fat, and walk 5 times a week for 35-45 minutes. It was recommended not to exceed 0.9 kg/week in weight loss. Patients of the second group were not exposed. After 6 weeks in the first group, body weight decreased by 5.7 kg, which lowered systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure by 3.8 and 2.5 mm Hg. respectively. By month 12, compliance dropped to 80% and the number of participants dropped by 10%. In those who completed the program, it was calculated that the loss of 1 kg of body weight leads to a decrease in systolic blood pressure by 0.48 mmHg. and diastolic - by 0.33 mm Hg.

The TOHP-II study included 2382 participants; it is identical to the TOHP-I study. The design of the study differed only in that the participants in the first group were advised to limit their salt intake. The most significant changes occurred by the 6th month. Body weight decreased by an average of 4.5 kg, which led to a decrease in blood pressure by 3.7/2.7 mm Hg. Subsequently, there was a decrease in compliance, and by the end of the study, the average value of excess weight loss was 2.1 kg, which corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure by 1.1/0.6 mmHg. Analysis of the pooled database of the TOHP-I and II study allowed the distribution of participants who completed the study by quarterlam reduced body weight. It turned out that in the lowest quartile (up to 1 kg) and in the highest quartile (>9.5 kg), the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 0.4/0.3 mm Hg, respectively. and 3.4/8.4 mm Hg. In the second quartile (1-3 kg), blood pressure decreased by 1.4/3.3 mm Hg.

Thus, the analysis of the combined database made it possible to conclude that weight loss by 1 kg reduces systolic blood pressure in individuals with initially high blood pressure values ​​by about 1 mmHg, and to answer another important question for an internist: “ Is it possible, by reducing body weight, to prevent the transition of high-normal pressure to arterial hypertension?

There were significantly more people with a baseline BMI >33 kg/m in the TOHP-II study 2 , which led to a large percentage of cases of developing hypertension. In addition, it has been convincingly shown that reducing excess weight under pressure, primarily by reducing calorie intake, leads to a significant slowdown in the development of hypertension. Thus, these studies allowed us to state that if the patient reduces his body weight as part of primary prevention (with an initial BMI > 25 kg/m 2 ) by 3 kg, it will reduce the risk of developing hypertension by 13,2%.

Body weight correction in persons with arterial hypertension

Evidence-based medicine has the experience of 3 large controlled studies that analyzed the contribution of weight control to pressure control:

• - Trials of antipharmacologi intervention in the elderly (TONE);
• - Trial of antihypertensive intervention and management (TAIM);
• — HOT.

The study included elderly patients with moderate hypertension (stage I) and those with stage II-III hypertension.

In the TONE study (has an unacceptable design from current ethical positions), elderly patients (>60, but<79 лет; средний возраст 66 лет), имевшим избыточную массу тела: ИМТ от 28 до 33 кг/м 2 (average value 31 kg/m 2 ) and those receiving antihypertensive therapy (therapy successfully controlled blood pressure, the average level of systolic blood pressure was 129 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure was 72 mm Hg), antihypertensive therapy was canceled and randomized into one of 4 groups:

• a) weight loss of at least 4.5 kg in 3 months;
• b) decrease in NaCl consumption ≤6g/day;
• c) combination a+b;
• d) control group.

The aim of the study was to count the number of patients who resume medical BP control after 90 days.

The results of the study showed that reducing excess weight within 90 days reduced the risk of resuming drug therapy in group "a" by 16%, in group "c" (combined) by 53%. The differences are significant. At the end of the 90-day period, follow-up continued until the 30th month. By this period, in the weight loss group with pressure (mean value 4.9 kg), 37% of patients did not feel the need to resume drug control of blood pressure, 44% of patients remained on non-drug treatment in the combined exposure group. Only 16% of patients in the control group remained on non-drug therapy.

The performed analysis by the 30th month of observation showed that in the lower third (reduction of excess weight<2,3 кг) риск возобновления медикаментозной терапии снижался всего на 16,6%, в средней третили (2,3-3,6 кг) на 32%, а в высшей третили (>3.6 kg) by 42%.

Thus, it was shown for the first time that in elderly patients, control of excess weight is an important component in the treatment of high blood pressure, and in some cases allows the patient to refuse drug therapy.

The TA1M study analyzed the effect of weight loss in complex therapy. The endpoint was not reaching diastolic BP.<90 мм рт.ст. только на фоне снижения массы тела (т.е. все случаи, когда приходилось присоединять еще 1 препарат для достижения целевого уровня диастолического АД <90 мм рт.ст.). В этом исследовании (n=587 participants) mean age was 48 years. The initial average systolic blood pressure was 143 mm Hg. The initial mean diastolic blood pressure was 93 mm Hg. The duration of the study is 4.5 years. In the first group of the study, patients adhered to a standard diet (control). In the second group, excess weight and blood pressure were reduced by reducing calorie intake. In the third group, excess weight was reduced and 50 mg of atenolol was received, and in the fourth group, body weight was reduced and 25 mg of chlorthalidone was received. Highest percentage of patients reaching diastolic BP<90 мм рт.ст., был в группе получавших мочегонный препарат chlorthalidone and reducing excess weight and blood pressure (reducing the risk of unsuccessful treatment by 32%). In the group who lost weight without medical treatment, the risk of treatment failure (i.e., failure to achieve diastolic BP<90 мм рт.ст.) снизился на 27%. Неожиданным стал результат в группе атенолола, риск снизился всего на 12%. Этот результат остался недостаточно объясненным.

Thus, the addition of non-drug therapy, reducing excess weight with pressure, to the treatment regimens for hypertension (especially those using diuretics) leads to an increase in the effectiveness of treatment.

In the HOT study, a substudy was performed in which patients were asked to reduce calorie intake to reduce excess weight (baseline BMI >27 kg/m 2 ). Patients were given classes and taught the principles of proper diet. The weight reduction group included 102 patients, the same number in the control group. The mean age of the patients was 58 years. The average level of systolic blood pressure is 166 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure is 105 mm Hg.

After 6 weeks in the first group, excess weight decreased by 3.6 kg, in the second (control) by 1.6 kg (p<0,05). К 6-му месяцу наблюдения уровень АД был одинаковым в обеих группах, но количество повышений доз препаратов было различным: в группе контроля оно превышало этот показатель по сравнению с группой соблюдения диеты.

Thus, reducing excess weight in patients with initial pressure corresponding to II-III degree of arterial hypertension, allows to reduce the number of visits for dose titration and reduce the time required to achieve the target pressure.

The article was prepared and edited by: surgeon

Obese people suffer from hypertension 3-4 times more often than people with normal weight - this is an inexorable statistic. So overweight (especially excess fat in the abdomen) is one of the most important risk factors for hypertension.

Do you remember how excess weight is associated with increased pressure? To provide blood to its "expanded" economy, the heart is forced to take on an increased load. The power of the heart-pump increases - the pressure rises. And one has only to lose five extra pounds, and the systolic pressure will decrease by about 5 mm Hg, and the diastolic pressure by 2 mm.

In addition, overweight people develop atherosclerosis, diabetes and many other diseases faster. You already know that these diseases, especially atherosclerosis, further increase blood pressure. And weight loss not only reduces blood pressure, but also normalizes fat (including cholesterol) and sugar metabolism. So you need to lose weight not only and not even so much for beauty, but for health.

How to determine the excess weight that you already need to lose? Women are encouraged to measure their waist circumference. If it exceeds 88 cm - it's time to arrange fasting days. A more accurate guide is given by the body mass index (BMI):

For example, if a person with a height of 1 m 60 cm has a weight of 70 kg, his BMI will be approximately equal to: 70 / (1.6 x X 1.6) \u003d 27. At the same time, a normal BMI is 20-25 kg / m2, with excess weight, BMI is more than 25, and with obesity - more than 30. That is, in our example we are already talking about being overweight, although obesity is still far away.

Now it remains to figure out how to lose weight. The simplest, most reliable, proven and safest way is to increase energy expenditure (that is, move more) and at the same time reduce the amount of energy received (that is, reduce the calorie content of the diet - limit sweet, fatty and starchy foods). All other methods, except for liposuction (plastic surgery), are not only ineffective, but often harmful to health. It is my deep conviction that buying pills that “burn” fat, or pants that “throw out” it, is like throwing money away.

You need to get rid of excess weight gradually. The most optimal pace is to lose weight by about half a kilogram per week. To do this, you need to “eat” 500 calories less per day or “burn” 500 calories more per day. It is best when you lose about 10% of the initial weight in six months - this result is the most stable. That is, you will not gain your “extra” kilograms again in a month, as often happens with a sharp and rapid weight loss.

I also want to add that fasting is not recommended for patients with hypertension. As a result, a deficiency of the most important bioactive substances (for example, vitamins and minerals) is formed, which has an extremely negative effect on the state of the heart and on the metabolism in general. But a healthy diet with fasting days is welcome.

For stable weight loss and general cleansing of the body, it is enough to spend at least one unloading day in 7-10 days. You can choose according to your taste:

meat fasting days (per day 300 g of boiled lean meat without salt with a side dish of cabbage and other vegetables, as well as 3 cups of unsweetened drink); ■ potato fasting days (approximately 700 g of potatoes "in their uniforms" - boiled in their skins and without salt, as well as 3-4 glasses of unsweetened drink per day) On apple fasting days (per day 1.5 kg of apples and 2-3 glasses of unsweetened drinking); on curd fasting days (per day 500 g of low-fat cottage cheese and 3 cups of unsweetened drink); on kefir fasting days (per day 1.5 liters of kefir).

You can try different fasting diets or combine them. I like cottage cheese and kefir most of all, but, by the way, they don’t argue about tastes. Checked on my own experience: the effect is magnificent! But only on the condition that you spend such fasting days regularly and do not eat to satiety all the other days, but stick to a healthy diet.

Overweight and hypertension are inseparable

The problem of excess weight today is very relevant. Especially a lot of now fed children. It's one thing if the baby has hereditary or disease-caused fullness, and it's quite another when, by adolescence, the child gains excess weight due to excessive appetites.

In such cases, of course, action must be taken. Diets for teenagers can be of great benefit. which must be adhered to for a long time. After all, the spread of hamburgers, chips, Snickers and Mars carries a real threat of obesity.

The basis of a healthy diet should be fruits with vegetables, dairy products, lean meats. I can say that eating right is not so difficult. Exclude flour products, fried and fatty foods, sweet carbonated drinks. In my experience, it is usually the parents who overfeed their children. And grandmothers help them in this, to whom it always seems that the child is too thin.

It is unfortunate that few understand the severity of the problem of overweight. After all, it can cause such a disease as hypertension. Returning to traditional medicine, I can say that the best way out of the situation is cranberries for pressure. This method has long been proven in practice.

To stabilize the pressure, try squeezing the juice out of cranberries. It is necessary to make it so that it turns out half a glass. Now add half a glass of flower honey there, and then mix. You need to take this medicine 1 teaspoon 3 times a day for two weeks.

Traditional medicine offers a lot of recipes that help with hypertension. Most often it is garlic, horseradish, onions, honey, beets, medicinal herbs. With an increase in pressure, drink herbal decoctions in whole courses for two to four weeks.

And here is a great recipe to reduce low blood pressure. you will need half a liter of natural honey and the same amount of vodka. It is necessary to mix them, heat them over a fire, and stir until you see a continuous milky film. After that, the mixture should settle. Then prepare the second composition: in one liter of water, brew a pinch of cudweed, valerian root, motherwort, chamomile and knotweed. Mix both compositions and let stand for three days in a dark place. Take 1 week twice a day for a teaspoon, and then once a day.

Thus, I believe that overweight can be defeated by a strict diet, and the wisdom of traditional medicine will help get rid of hypertension.

Sincerely, Domnika Danilenko.

hypertension and overweight

Numerous epidemiological studies confirm the relationship between excess weight and high blood pressure, but until now, science has only hypotheses that explain the mechanism of this relationship.

Recent studies by German scientists have filled this gap by observing the influence of fat cells ( adipocytes) on the cells of the adrenal cortex responsible for the production aldosterone - a hormone that regulates mineral metabolism in the body (mainly sodium, potassium and water) and is thus capable of increasing blood pressure.

Literally before the eyes of the researchers, dramatic processes unfolded: in the presence of adipocytes and their secreted triglycerides, fatty acids, leptin. other factors, the cells of the adrenal cortex dramatically - seven times! - increased aldosterone production. Although, of course, it remains to be seen which specific adipocyte secretions are directly responsible for the release of aldosterone, this study is emphasized as pointing to a direct link between obesity and hypertension. New experiments are coming. In the meantime, doctors recommend that those suffering from high blood pressure control their weight.

"Reuters Sante" reports that a weight loss of 5 kg can bring significant relief from hypertension. Analysis of the results published in 25 studies conducted in 1996-2003. and covering more than 5 thousand people showed that each kilogram dropped gives a decrease in both upper and lower pressure. The results were summarized by a group led by Judith Neter (Wageningen University, The Netherlands). The more you manage to reduce weight, the more pronounced and tangible the results. The effect of weight loss on the reduction of diastolic (lower) pressure was greatest in individuals who also took antihypertensive drugs.

There is a direct relationship between blood pressure and our weight. In other words, if you are overweight and have high blood pressure, then you have a chance to lower your blood pressure by shedding a few pounds. In the journal "Heart and Health" French Federation of Cardiology (Coeur et Sante, Federation francaise de Cardiologie), Dr. Thierry ZHIBO (Thierry Gibault) provides digital evidence: every kilogram dropped reduces systolic (upper) pressure by an average of 1.6 mm, and diastolic (lower) - by 1.3 mm. Losing 10% of weight can thus bring significant relief from hypertension and, possibly, reduce the dose of the antihypertensive drug taken, or avoid taking it altogether (both of which must be agreed with the doctor, emphasizes Dr. Thierry GIBO). The article provides statistics that in every three out of four patients, pressure normalizes under the influence of diet and weight loss.

Excess weight can provoke a number of diseases. That's why it is called superfluous, that it is a ballast for the body, entailing certain consequences. It cannot be said that all overweight people are hypertensive.

Of course, one does not always correlate with the other. But it is unequivocally clear that obesity is considered one of the provocateurs of hypertension. And for people with diabetes, this problem is also acute, because most people over 40 have diabetes plus obesity.

Blood pressure is usually called the force of blood flow, pressing from the inside on large vessels, arteries. It is customary to measure this indicator in mm of mercury (or water) column. The dynamics of this very force in the arteries is dependent on the work of the heart muscle.

When the heart contracts and pushes blood into the vasculature, systolic pressure is formed, and when the heart muscle is relaxed, diastolic pressure is formed. Therefore, such a value as pressure is indicated immediately by two points: systolic (upper) and diastolic (respectively, lower).

Since the blood circulates, that is, it is in cyclic motion, the work of the circulatory system should not fail. If there is not enough blood to the organs, or vice versa, too much, then the work of the organ systems goes astray.

BP will be affected by:

Of course, the lifestyle that a person leads, eating behavior, physical activity, the emotional side, healthy sleep, etc., affect pressure indicators. Bad habits will definitely affect the pressure indicators, as well as some chronic diseases, including diabetes.

Why does blood pressure rise in obese people?

Excess weight and pressure are interconnected things. An increase in blood flow resistance in the walls of capillaries occurs in four cases:

But, at first glance, what does obesity have to do with it? Judge for yourself: excess weight adversely affects the functioning of the heart, the health of blood vessels and the blood itself. The heart of an obese person must function in an excessive mode.

There is nothing else left for him, since there is more mass, respectively, more tissues, which will have to deliver oxygen and nutrition. It turns out that more blood is needed by the body and even more effort from the heart muscle.

The volume of blood pumped by the main muscle in the body increases, hence the blood pressure rises. Hypertension and excess weight - the connection is obvious.

Human weight and pressure: how blood viscosity and obesity are related

Extra pounds are often associated with the fact that a person does not know the limits in the consumption of sweet foods, fast food, pastries. Blood sugar rises, it changes its consistency, becomes more viscous. And thick blood contributes to the formation of blood clots, which impede its passage through the vessels. It is more difficult for the heart to drive such blood through the circulatory system, which is why the heart has to contract even more, the vascular system is under stress, and the pressure inevitably increases.

What else do we include in the concept of junk food? This is fatty and salty, these are the so-called fast carbohydrates that should not be abused. Fat is a direct "supplier" of cholesterol, and its increase in the blood, as you know, clogs blood vessels, narrows their gaps. And cholesterol plaques appear, leading to atherosclerosis, and he is a companion of hypertension.

And if you are fond of salty, then fluid is retained in the body, edema appears, and the volume of blood also increases, and the renal blood flow is disturbed. And it also raises blood pressure.

Hypodynamia, excess weight and pressure

Another important factor leading to overweight is inactivity. And hypodynamia is just the most favorable moment for the formation of body fat. If a person does not increase his physical activity, then his blood circulation worsens, his heart weakens. Because of this, the vessels reduce their natural elasticity, they become sluggish, which means that the blood will put more pressure on their walls.

It turns out that obesity and hypertension are closely related. And every person can cope with this factor, it is enough just to reconsider their usual mobility during the day.

Everything that can be walked, walk, do not drive up a couple of stops if you are not late, and there is not a wall of rain and ice on the street.

Before going to bed, it is advisable not to lie down on a soft sofa to watch the next series, but to take a walk around the microdistrict - literally 20 minutes of such a walk will also contribute to healthy sleep.

Get an exercise bike or a treadmill, in the absence of conditions for full walks - this is a good alternative.

Diversify the mode of your weekends, you just have to try, as you will find how much you can do during these days. Try changing your usual routes: go to work or the store in a different way, a little longer. Set aside 20 minutes a day for simple exercise, make it a habit that cannot be changed.

Hypertension and excess weight sound like a threat to people who at one time did not want to give up addictions, malnutrition, and a sedentary lifestyle. And it's not just about willpower, and certainly not about financial capabilities. Rather, the issue is a clear and reasonable understanding of the processes of health saving. And it's never too late to change something.

How to lose weight the safe way

Hypertension patients, and even those with an additional diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, need to lose weight. But to lose weight correctly, competently, safely. And you need to do this wisely so as not to harm your body, which, in the presence of diseases, is far from working perfectly.

Of course, overweight is not always the result of overeating, sometimes it is a metabolic disorder. And the pathology is triggered by hormonal problems, some organ dysfunctions. But this is the business of physicians who must diagnose the disease and prescribe competent therapy.

Ideally, if you decide to fight obesity, you should go to a nutritionist. But not everyone has the opportunity to visit such a specialist, although, in fairness, it should be said that today a nutritionist is receiving even in small towns. If you can’t get to a specialist in any way, an endocrinologist will outline a weight loss plan.

The traditional integrated approach is welcomed:

There are some general advices given to the so-called man of average health. Of course, you need to look at your body, the severity of the disease (in this case, diabetes), and medical recommendations.

In type 1 diabetes, proper nutrition will be a mandatory background for insulin therapy. And if you do not follow the dietary instructions, then the main treatment will not be effective. Blood sugar will not decrease, and this will negatively affect all body structures, including the state of blood vessels.

In type 2 diabetes, drug therapy is not always needed at all. To begin with, the patient will be advised a diet for weight loss. And if there is a positive trend, drugs may not be needed.

How to lose weight and reduce blood sugar:

There is a specific list of products allowed for diabetes. And there is the amount of product that can be eaten without risk to health. For example, bread is allowed for diabetics, but only black or special dietary bread, and no more than 200 g per day.

Soups, if you like them, can be eaten often, but vegetable broths are preferred. Do not eat low-fat fish and meat soups more than once a week. Meat and poultry are possible, but it is better if it is boiled beef, chicken and rabbit meat.

Raw and boiled, sometimes baked, you can eat cabbage, radish, lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes and zucchini - there are practically no restrictions here. But potatoes, beets and carrots do not eat more than 150-200 g per day. Do not get carried away diabetic cereals, legumes and pasta.

Obesity is very dangerous. This is one of the factors in the development of hypertension and other pathologies. Diet, observance of fasting days and physical activity will help to avoid problems.

The most common cause of hypertension is obesity. People who are overweight have a significantly greater risk of developing vascular hypertension. In a situation where a person becomes overweight abruptly (due to hormonal treatment, for example), hypertension may not manifest itself, especially if the former normal weight is quickly restored. In all other cases, if body weight not only does not decrease, but also increases, a person has a double problem: excess weight and pressure.

Reasons for weight gain are:

• heredity;
• hormonal changes (including age-related);
• nervous and mental disorders;
• regular overeating;
• inactive lifestyle;
• unbalanced diet with excessive consumption of "bad foods".

Often the cause of overweight is malnutrition. When eating salty foods, appetite increases, and a person eats more food than the body needs. If such moments become a stable habit, then body weight increases rapidly, and over time, obesity of varying degrees develops.

When there is increased weight and pressure periodically rises, then this is a reason to visit a cardiologist, since this combination may indicate the onset of the development of hypertension.

Particularly predisposed to hypertension are people with abdominal obesity. It is characterized by the deposition of fat in the abdomen. An increase in body weight of this type should be considered if the waist circumference in women is above 88 cm, and in men - from 102 cm.

With obesity of 3 or 4 degrees, it is also called morbid, a pathological increase in body weight by 50% or even 100% can be observed. With such a pronounced obesity, functional changes and even organic changes occur in the work of all systems. The cardiovascular system suffers the most, so there is a double problem - arterial hypertension and obesity.

The effect of being overweight on blood pressure

If a person's blood pressure was normal for a long time, then with an increase in body weight, essential hypertension develops. This is the first or initial stage of the disease, which is characterized by an increase in blood pressure to 140/90 mm. rt. Art. and related symptoms:

• headaches;
• malaise;
• hearing change;
• visual impairment;
• nervous tension.

Overweight patients are often diagnosed with arterial hypertension. The greater the degree of obesity, the higher the blood pressure. It is worth understanding why this happens and how obesity and hypertension are related. The deposited fat layer in the abdominal area not only spoils the waist, but also “envelops” the internal organs, releases fatty acids into the bloodstream, disrupts lipid metabolism and promotes the formation of lipid plaques inside the vessels.

Atherosclerosis develops, which leads to an increase in blood pressure. This is fraught with a deterioration in the blood supply to many organs and systems.

In order to deliver blood to all organs, the heart needs to work harder.

As a result, there is an increase in the load on the myocardium. For this reason, in such patients, along with hypertension, hypertrophy of the heart muscle is diagnosed.

Arterial hypertension and obesity are associated with an increased risk of stroke or heart attack. This is due to disorders in the blood coagulation system, namely an increase in the tendency to form blood clots.

To avoid serious health problems, you need to try to lose weight. To do this, you should undergo a comprehensive examination, visit a doctor, and he will tell you how to properly implement weight loss.

Dietary nutrition for hypertension

Conclusion

Increased body weight not only makes a person aesthetically unattractive, but also creates fertile ground for the development of various kinds of diseases, especially hypertension. In addition, overweight people limit themselves in physical activity and cannot fully work. All this leads to a violation of well-being and an emotionally depressed state. And for a full-fledged life, you need to maintain optimal weight, engage in physical education, eat right and get rid of bad habits.