The novel in verse "Eugene Onegin" was written by A.S. Pushkin in the 20-30s of the XIX century. It is rightfully considered one of the most significant works not only in the writer's work, but in all Russian literature. The novel forces readers to immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the Russian nobility, touch the life of a society of educated, somewhat cynical and unhappy people in their own way. Bored Onegin, dreaming Tatyana, frivolous Olga and quick-tempered Lensky - all these characters make readers worry, argue, condemn and even mourn themselves. It is exciting to watch them develop: the differences between the main characters at the beginning and at the end of the novel are striking. A. Pushkin does not have a single ideal character. Everyone makes their mistakes, going against either themselves or the social order.

Let's start the conversation with, the most understandable character of all four. A charming girl, Tatyana's younger sister, always cheerful and cheerful. Her innocence and sociability gave rise to not the best character trait - windiness. This is what causes all her troubles. Even betrothal to Lensky could not change Olga. The upcoming marriage did not affect the girl: she continued to flirt, driving her fiancé crazy. I must say, the character of Olga has not changed much during the novel. She remained true to herself: she did not grieve for Lensky for a long time and, at the first opportunity, jumped out to marry another. Did she learn any moral lessons from these events? Probably not.

The character simply does not have time to change in the time allotted to him in the novel. His whole short life (in a duel with Onegin, Lensky dies at the age of 18) is like a fiery flash. He comes from England to the Larins in the form of a romantic, brought up on Byron. Immediately falls in love with Olga, as cheerful and energetic as he is. Lensky does not live by reason, but only by feelings. Subsequently, the strongest emotions will destroy him: passion, jealousy and hatred. In love with Olga to the point of madness, he became an unwitting victim of her frivolity and Onegin's intrigues. The young man could change the situation and stay alive if he looked at things soberly. He would definitely notice that Onegin is flirting with his bride at Tatiana's name day because of his own cynicism (he is bored, offended and offended by the letter sent to him the day before). But Lensky's temper played a deadly trick on him - he died at the hands of his friend.

Let's move on to our favorite Pushkin character. A modest and quiet dreamer, ugly, but smart - A. Pushkin gives her such a description at the beginning of the novel. Note that it is almost impossible to recognize the former Tatyana in the confident, rich and noble princess, as she appears in the finale. This succeeds only in the scene of her final meeting with Onegin, at the moment when she, sobbing, read his letter:

... A simple maiden,
With dreams, the heart of the old days,
Now she has risen again...

True, Tatyana retains one more of her traits - courage. Once she, a young girl, bravely wrote a love letter to the already experienced, stern Onegin. Today she says with the same feeling:

I love you (why lie)
But I am given to another
I will be faithful to him forever.

Finally, the title character of the novel -. This character has undergone the greatest spiritual changes. At the beginning of the novel, a completely selfish, cynical, but educated and talented person appears before us. He, according to his own statement, was tired of life (only 26 years old). From the scene of the meeting with Tatyana in the garden, we understand that Onegin will never start a family. With his moralizing, as well as severity and composure, he upsets the girl. Tatyana's name day comes, a significant episode in the novel. Onegin comes here in a bad mood: he is annoyed by Lensky's happiness, the very image of Tanya. The reckless egoism of the hero at the evening results in tragedy: the next morning, in a duel with Lensky (Evgeny began to flirt with Olga), Onegin kills his friend.

A heavy blow causes the protagonist to leave. For 2 years of wandering, he comprehends how wrong he was, how cruel he was towards others. Onegin is trying to restore the faded interest in life. Returning to St. Petersburg, he accidentally meets Tatiana - now a married princess. Unexpectedly for himself, the hero falls in love with a girl. In the scene of Onegin's letter to Tatyana, we see how the image of the former Eugene "fights" with the new one. Out of habit, he reproaches Tanya (“... What bitter contempt your proud look will depict ...”), and immediately confesses his love to her. All his sleeping feelings are splashed out on paper, then he will state them to Tatyana personally. Finally, he becomes a person who knows how to suffer, cry, worry and love. Perhaps at this moment Onegin regains his lost spirituality.

Official comment:
Within the framework of the direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the price of mistakes on the way of knowing the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

Guidelines:
“Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied to a lesser extent, because without mistakes there is no and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, embarks on the path of spiritual and moral development. Giving an assessment of the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one's own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that an incorrectly made decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also most fatally affect the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic direction.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:
You should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience.
Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues
You can make mistakes in various ways, you can only do the right thing in one way, therefore the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, hard to hit.
Aristotle

Karl Raimund Popper
The one who thinks that he will not be mistaken if others think for him is deeply mistaken.
Avreliy Markov
We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us alone.
François de La Rochefoucauld
Take advantage of every mistake.
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Modesty can be appropriate everywhere, but not in the matter of admitting one's mistakes.
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
It is easier to find the error than the truth.
Johann Wolfgang Goethe
In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves.
Karl Raimund Popper

As a support in your reasoning, you can refer to the following works.
F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing to his deed, does not fully realize the whole tragedy of the crime he committed, does not recognize the fallacy of his theory, he only regrets that he could not transgress, that he cannot now consider himself among the elect. And only in penal servitude the soul-worn hero does not just repent (he repented, confessing to the murder), but embarks on the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero, Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).
M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man", K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of such different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, nothing can be corrected. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, repels his wife hugging him, the hero is annoyed by her tears, he is angry, believing that she is "burying him alive", but it turns out the opposite: he returns, and the family dies. This loss is a terrible grief for him, and now he blames himself for every little thing and says with inexpressible pain: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I won’t forgive myself for pushing her away then!” The story of K.G. Paustovsky is a story about lonely old age. Abandoned by her own daughter, grandmother Katerina writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. But Nastya calms herself with the words: "Since the mother writes, it means she is alive." Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, her daughter forgets about her only loved one. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for caring for a person,” the heroine recalls that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon. Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this happen? Because I don't have anyone in my life. No, and it will not be dearer. If only to be in time, if only she would see me, if only she would forgive me. The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the main characters teaches the reader to be attentive to loved ones "before it's too late."
M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" The hero of the novel M.Yu. also makes a series of mistakes in his life. Lermontov. Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disappointed in life.
Pechorin himself says about himself: "Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him." Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find application for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the condition of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a "suffering egoist", because Grigory Alexandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries, and nothing brings him satisfaction.
Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time he wants to teach others to confess their own, as, for example, he tried to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But the other side of Pechorin immediately appears: after some attempts to defuse the situation in a duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself offers to shoot in a dangerous place so that one of them dies. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of young Grushnitsky and his own life. After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin's mood changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, there is a stone in his soul.
The story of the disappointed and dying Pechorin soul is set forth in the hero's diary entries with all the ruthlessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the "magazine", Pechorin fearlessly speaks of his ideal impulses, and the dark sides of his soul, and the contradictions of consciousness. The hero is aware of his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them, his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers”, Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” with the fates of others, which makes himself unhappy .
L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If the hero of Lermontov, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then the beloved heroes of Tolstoy, the experience gained helps to become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can refer to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society environment with his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, wishes for great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. The harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince is disappointed in his dreams, he understands how bitterly he was mistaken. Seriously wounded, remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky is experiencing a mental breakdown. In these moments, a new world opens before him, where there are no egoistic thoughts, lies, but only the purest, highest, and fairest. The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems to him petty and insignificant. Having survived further events - the appearance of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that he only has to live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of the hero, not only admitting his mistakes, but also striving to become better. Pierre also makes a considerable series of mistakes. He leads a wild life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but he understands that such a life is not for him. He cannot immediately correctly assess people and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed. These character traits are clearly manifested in the relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after the marriage, the hero realizes that he has been deceived, and "processes his grief alone in himself." After a break with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he "will find a rebirth to a new life," and again he realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the “thunderstorm of 1812” lead the hero to drastic changes in his worldview. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.
M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people, makes them evaluate their life mistakes, we can refer to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting on the side of the whites, then on the side of the reds, he understands what a monstrous injustice is around, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: "... my hands need to plow." Home, family - that's the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person already wise with life experience understands that the main thing in life is not war, but a son meeting at the threshold of the house. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is the reason for his repeated throwing from white to red.
M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing some phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research”, then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky to “clarify the issue of survival of the pituitary gland, and later on its influence on rejuvenation organism in humans” can hardly be called successful in full measure.
From a scientific point of view, he is very successful. Professor Preobrazhensky performs a unique operation. The scientific result turned out to be unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life it led to the most deplorable consequences. The type who appeared in the professor's house as a result of the operation, "small in stature and unsympathetic in appearance", behaves defiantly, arrogantly and arrogantly. However, it should be noted that the humanoid creature that has appeared easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the whole house.
After analyzing his mistake, the professor realizes that the dog was much more “human” than P.P. Sharikov. Thus, we are convinced that Sharikov's humanoid hybrid is more of a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: "Old donkey ... Here, doctor, what happens when the researcher, instead of walking in parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge." Philipp Philippovich comes to the conclusion that violent intervention in the nature of man and society leads to catastrophic results.
In the story "Heart of a Dog" the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov turns into a dog again. He is content with his fate and himself. But in life, such experiments have a tragic effect on the fate of people, warns Bulgakov. Actions should be considered and not be destructive.
The main idea of ​​the writer is that bare progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.
V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera" Talking about the mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but to the people as a whole, one can also refer to the specified story of the writer of the twentieth century. This is not just a work about the loss of one's home, but also about how erroneous decisions lead to disasters that will certainly affect the life of society as a whole.
The plot of the story is based on a real story. During the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Resettlement has become a painful phenomenon for residents of flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power plants are built for a large number of people. This is an important economic project, for the sake of which it is necessary to restructure, not to cling to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Residents of the flooded Matera move to a village built not in a human way. The mismanagement with which huge amounts of money are spent hurts the writer's soul painfully. Fertile lands will be flooded, and nothing will grow in the village built on the northern slope of the hill, on stones and clay. Gross intervention in nature will necessarily entail environmental problems. But for the writer, they are not so much important as the spiritual life of people.
For Rasputin, it is quite clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, a people, a country, begins with the disintegration of the family. And the reason for this is a tragic mistake, which consists in the fact that progress is much more important than the souls of old people saying goodbye to their home. And there is no repentance in the hearts of young people.
Wise with life experience, the older generation does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because they demand to give Matera for these conveniences, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is the experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, must not renounce his roots.
In reasoning on this topic, one can turn to history and the catastrophes that the “economic” activity of man entailed.
Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is a tragic experience of previous generations as a warning to us, people of the 21st century.

Do I need to analyze my mistakes? In order to reveal the set topic, it is necessary to define the definitions of the main concepts. What is experience? And what are errors? Experience is the knowledge and skills that a person has received in each of life situations. Errors - incorrectness in actions, deeds, statements, thoughts. These two concepts, which cannot exist without each other, are tightly connected. The more experience, the less mistakes you make - this is a common truth. But you can't gain experience without making mistakes - that's the harsh reality. Every person in his life stumbles, makes mistakes, does stupid things. You can’t do without it, it’s the ups and downs that teach us to live. Only by making mistakes and learning from problematic life situations can we develop. That is, it is possible and even necessary to be mistaken and go astray, but the main thing is to analyze mistakes and correct them.

Very often in world fiction, writers touch on the topic of mistakes and experience. So, for example, in the epic novel “War and Peace” by L.N. Tolstoy, one of the main characters, Pierre Bezukhov, spent all his time in the company of Kuragin and Dolokhov, leading an idle lifestyle, not burdened by worries, sorrows and thoughts. But, gradually realizing that panache and secular promenade are empty and aimless pursuits, he realizes that this is not for him. But he was too young and ignorant: to draw such conclusions, one must rely on experience. The hero can not immediately understand the surrounding people, and very often makes mistakes in them. This is clearly manifested in the relationship with Helen Kuragina. Later, he realizes that their marriage was a mistake, he was deceived by "marble shoulders". Some time after the divorce, he joins the Masonic lodge and, apparently, finds himself. Bezukhov is engaged in social activities, meets interesting people, in a word, his personality acquires integrity. A beloved and devoted wife, healthy children, close friends, an interesting job are the components of a happy and fulfilling life. Pierre Bezukhov is exactly the person who, through trial and error, finds his meaning of existence.

Another example can be found in the story "The Enchanted Wanderer" by N.S. Leskov. The main character Ivan Severyanych Flyagin had to drink the bitter cup of trial and error. It all started with an accident in his youth: the mischief of a young postilion cost the life of an old monk. Ivan was born the “promised son” and from birth was destined to serve God. His life leads from one trouble to another, from test to test, until his soul is cleansed and brings the hero to the monastery. For a long time he will die and not die. Many he had to pay for his mistakes: love, freedom (he was a prisoner in the Kirghiz-Kaisak steppes), health (he was recruited). But this bitter experience, better than any persuasion and demands, taught him that one cannot escape fate. The vocation of the hero from the very beginning was religion, but a young man with ambitions, hopes and passions could not consciously accept the rank, which is required by the specifics of the church service. Faith in a priest must be unshakable, otherwise how will he help his parishioners find it? It was a careful analysis of his own mistakes that could lead him to the path of true service to God.

Since the 2014-2015 academic year, the final graduation essay has been included in the program of the state final attestation of schoolchildren. This format differs significantly from the classic exam. The work is non-subjective in nature, while relying on the knowledge of the graduate in the field of literature. The essay aims to identify the ability of the examinee to reason on a given topic and argue his point of view. Mainly, the final essay allows you to assess the level of speech culture of the graduate. Five topics from a closed list are offered for the examination paper.

1. Introduction
2. Main body - thesis and arguments
3. Conclusion - Conclusion

The final essay of 2016 assumes a volume of 350 words or more.

The time allotted for the examination work is 3 hours 55 minutes.

Themes of the final essay

The questions proposed for consideration are usually addressed to the inner world of a person, personal relationships, psychological characteristics and concepts of universal morality. So, the topics of the final essay of the 2016-2017 academic year include the following areas:

1. "Experience and Mistakes"

Here are the concepts that the examinee will have to reveal in the process of reasoning, referring to examples from the world of literature. In the final essay of 2016, the graduate must identify the relationship between these categories based on analysis, building logical relationships and applying the knowledge of literary works.

One such topic is "Experience and Mistakes".

As a rule, works from the course of the school curriculum in literature are a large gallery of different images and characters that can be used to write a final essay on the topic “Experience and Mistakes”.

• A.S. Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin"
• Roman M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
• The novel by M. A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"
• Roman I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
• F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment"
• The story of A.I. Kuprin "Garnet bracelet"

Arguments for the final essay 2016 "Experience and mistakes"

• "Eugene Onegin" by A.S. Pushkin

The novel in verse "Eugene Onegin" clearly demonstrates the problem of irreparable mistakes in a person's life, which can lead to serious consequences. So, the main character - Eugene Onegin, by his behavior with Olga in the Larins' house, provoked the jealousy of his friend Lensky, who challenged him to a duel. Friends met in a deadly fight, in which Vladimir, alas, turned out to be not such an agile shooter as Eugene. Misbehavior and a sudden duel of friends, thus, turned out to be a big mistake in the life of the hero. Also here it is worth referring to the love story of Eugene and Tatyana, whose confessions Onegin cruelly rejects. Only years later, he realizes what a fatal mistake he made.

• "Crime and Punishment" by F. M. Dostoevsky

The central question for the hero of the work F . M. Dostoevsky becomes a desire to understand his ability to act, to decide the fate of people, neglecting the norms of universal morality - “I am a trembling creature, or do I have the right?” Rodion Raskolnikov commits a crime by killing an old pawnbroker, and later realizes the gravity of the act committed. The manifestation of cruelty and inhumanity, a huge mistake that entailed the suffering of Rodion, became a lesson for him. Subsequently, the hero takes the true path, thanks to the spiritual purity and compassion of Sonechka Marmeladova. The perfect crime remains for him a bitter experience for life.

• "Fathers and Sons" by I.S. Turgenev

Essay example

On his life path, a person has to make a large number of vital decisions, choose how to act in a given situation. In the process of experiencing various events, a person acquires life experience, which becomes his spiritual baggage, helping in later life and interaction with people and society. However, we often find ourselves in difficult, contradictory conditions when we cannot guarantee the correctness of our decision and be sure that what we consider right now will not become a big mistake for us.

An example of the impact on a person's life of his actions can be seen in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". The work demonstrates the problem of irreparable mistakes in a person's life, which can lead to serious consequences. So, the main character - Eugene Onegin, by his behavior with Olga in the Larins' house, provoked the jealousy of his friend Lensky, who challenged him to a duel. Friends met in a deadly fight, in which Vladimir, alas, turned out to be not such an agile shooter as Eugene. Misbehavior and a sudden duel of friends, thus, turned out to be a big mistake in the life of the hero. Also here it is worth referring to the love story of Eugene and Tatyana, whose confessions Onegin cruelly rejects. Only years later, he realizes what a fatal mistake he made.

It is also worth referring to the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”, which reveals the problem of an error in the steadfastness of views and beliefs, which can lead to disastrous consequences.

In the work of I.S. Turgenev Evgeny Bazarov is a progressive-minded young man, a nihilist who denies the value of the experience of previous generations. He says that he does not believe in feelings at all: "Love is rubbish, unforgivable nonsense." The hero meets Anna Odintsova, with whom he falls in love and is afraid to admit it even to himself, because this would mean a contradiction to his own convictions of universal denial. However, later he falls mortally ill, without admitting it to his relatives and friends. Being seriously ill, he finally realizes that he loves Anna. Only at the end of his life, Eugene realizes how much he was mistaken in his attitude to love and a nihilistic worldview.

Thus, it is worth talking about how important it is to correctly evaluate your thoughts and actions, analyzing actions that can lead to a big mistake. A person is constantly in development, improving his way of thinking and behavior, and therefore he must act deliberately, relying on life experience.

Do you have any questions? Ask them in our group in VK:

Now, in the run-up to the December test, many teachers are giving essays on a weekly basis. Of course, students use the help materials from the Internet to do their job better and diversify their arguments. However, the abundance of absolutely identical essays literally flooded the worldwide network, so teachers are increasingly noticing copied works, although they have different sources. In order not to lose points, use the fresh selection of non-standard arguments on the topic "Experience and mistakes", which experts have prepared for you today, November 28.

1. First argument: from Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" was a mediocre poet and looked at the world through the prism of Soviet propaganda. The young man was too naive about life, trusting every false word. His simple-hearted and open character became an easy target for Berlioz, who inspired his student with miserable ideas that groveled before the authorities. The unfortunate poet would have vegetated in ignorance if the mystical experiences associated with the appearance of Woland and acquaintance with the Master had not changed his nature. He realized that he wrote "bad poetry" and was mistaken, admiring the system of state coercion that locked him in a lunatic asylum. The experience of staying in this terrible place stayed with Ivan for life. He tried on himself the martyrdom of the creator in a totalitarian state, having been in unjust imprisonment. Seeing what happened to the Master, how his life was distorted by persecution, Bezdomny realized that the title of a poet must be suffered, just like the title of a person. At the end of the novel, we see a completely different Ivan - quiet, thoughtful and consciously decided to change his life for the better. Only experience could accomplish such a miracle.
2. Second argument. The famous writer Oscar Wilde in his fairy tale illustrates the saving power of experience. As in The Picture of Dorian Gray, outer beauty is opposed to inner beauty. The boy-star (a copy of Gray) is delightfully good-looking: "peers obeyed him because he was handsome." However, worship blinded, hardened the boy, "for he grew up selfish, proud and cruel." Mystical powers punished him by turning the handsome man into a snake-like monster. The boy understood the lesson and decided to improve. Beauty returned only after the atonement of sins and the complete purification of the soul. It was a real loss that stimulated a person to work on himself. Having survived a terrible experience, the hero realizes that he was wrong, that true beauty lies in spiritual nobility, and not in the correctness of features. But what would have happened if the boy had remained a beautiful self-lover, not having experienced a personal tragedy? He would turn into Dorian Gray, who lost his shame and conscience instead of a beautiful appearance. This means that experience is necessary for a miraculous effect.
3. Third argument. “Experience is the worst teacher; he offers a test before the lesson.” Werner Lowe. In Pushkin's work "Dubrovsky" the hero experiences the most terrible feeling - despair, to which he himself is to blame. Vladimir does not have time to steal his beloved before the wedding, so they are forever separated by Masha's sacred oath. Dubrovsky arrives too late: the girl is doomed to life with the unloved. The young man blames himself for the fatal delay, but he cannot do anything, as he is unable to return his father and inheritance. The control was too hard for Vladimir, he could not solve it. What did such a cruel experience teach him? Rob? Yes, he was robbed by Troekurov's henchmen, but is this really a reason to steal yourself? The teacher taught him only bad things, or rather, forced him to become a robber. Dubrovsky had no alternative. Alexander Pushkin gave an example when experience is not a teacher, but an executioner. After everything experienced, the unfortunate will not be able to return to normal life.

1. Fourth argument. In The Tale of Igor's Campaign, Princes Igor and Vsevolod attacked the Polovtsy without warning their brother Svyatoslav of Kyiv, who had a stronger army and could have helped them. Before this campaign, Igor went against the treacherous nomads more than once, but his military experience told him nothing. It only gave him confidence. Noticing a bad omen along the way (an eclipse of the sun), the prince did not pay attention to him. This happened because easy victories gave him the illusion of invincibility. The Polovtsians took him, Vsevolod and the squad by surprise, knowing well the Russian tradition of celebrating success vigorously. Obviously, experience can mislead a person about the real state of affairs. Always lucky, he will say, and will take risks, but next time it will be different, and the risk will be a fatal mistake. Unfortunately, this false experience can be very costly. The princes, for example, condemned to death a faithful squad.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!