Katerina and Boris in the play "Thunderstorm" are the characters at the level of which the love conflict of the work is realized. The feelings of young people were initially doomed, the love of Katerina and Boris was tragic: Katerina was married, cheating on her husband and escaping with another person was below her moral principles. The author does not talk about the first meeting of Katerina and Boris, the reader learns about it from the words of Boris: “And then I foolishly decided to fall in love. Yes, to whom? Into a woman with whom you will never even be able to talk! She goes with her husband, well, and the mother-in-law with them! Well, am I not a fool? Look around the corner and go home." It was not love, but rather falling in love at first sight. For Katya, feelings meant much more. In such a hobby, the girl saw the very real and sincere love that her heart dreamed of. Therefore, the girl, whose upbringing did not allow her husband to cheat, desperately tried to calm her heart. Katya's decision to go out to Boris's garden was fatal. After ten nights of secret rendezvous, Katerina confessed to her husband and mother-in-law that she felt for Boris. The last meeting between Katerina and Boris happened after Katya's conversation with Tikhon and Kabanikha.

Each of the characters is looking for a meeting with each other, each has a feeling that they have to say something to each other. But both are silent. And there's really nothing to talk about. I must say that before the meeting, Katya was in a kind of borderline state. Fragments of thoughts and phrases, as if Katya wants to confess something important. The idea of ​​a terrible lynching seemed to be in the air, not yet taking clear forms, but after meeting with Boris, the decision was finally made. What happened during their conversation?

Katya still hopes that she can be happy with this person, she begins to make excuses for her actions, to apologize, to ask for forgiveness. Her question about whether he has forgotten her makes readers understand that there have been some changes in Katya's feelings. Boris answers all the remarks of the girl in a detached way, showing that he does not need anything. Katya finds out that Boris is going to Siberia. And now, the last thing the girl decides on: “will you take me with you?”

The remark once again proves Katya's strength of character, steadfastness and faith in this love. The girl desperately hopes for a positive answer. In fact, dozens of other, more important ones were focused on this issue. “Do you love me?”, “What do our feelings mean to you?”, “Am I wrong about you?” - and many others. Katya talks about herself, and Boris, at such an important moment for the girl, recalls her uncle: “I just asked my uncle for a minute, I wanted to at least say goodbye to the place where we met.”

Notice, say goodbye to the place, and not to Katya. At this moment, Katerina receives answers to all her unasked questions, finally deciding to commit suicide. It is after these words that such a sharp and painful insight comes, which the girl was so afraid of and at the same time was waiting for.

Despite this, the girl thinks about saying something important. Really important. But Boris hurries Katya, he does not have much time. The girl is silent about the fact that she has already decided to part with her life - this is a sacrifice not for Boris, but for herself. Death is not due to unhappy love (that would make everything vulgar), but because of the inability to live honestly.
There is one remarkable detail in Katerina's farewell to Boris: Boris begins to guess what Katya has in mind, wants to come closer, hug the girl. But Katherine pulls away. No, this is not an insult, not pride. Katya asks Boris to give alms to everyone who asks her to pray for her sinful soul. The girl finally releases Boris. And Boris leaves, not understanding the scale and significance of this conversation for Katya.

Boris did not flaunt his masculine qualities. Perhaps the reason was that she lacked something pure in the stuffy atmosphere of the Kabanikh's house. And love for Boris was this pure, did not allow Katerina to completely wither away, somehow supported her. She went on a date with Boris because she felt like a person with pride, elementary rights. It was a rebellion against resignation to fate, against lawlessness. Katerina knew that she was committing a sin, but she also knew that it was still impossible to live on. She sacrificed the purity of her conscience to freedom and Boris.

Katerina has been trying for a long time to adapt to the way of life in the Kabanov family. But then it doesn't last. Her love for Boris is a kind of protest against oppression, humiliation and slavery. How does Katerina see Boris? Of course, he seems to her not at all like Tikhon and most of the people around her. Every person, falling in love, tends to idealize the object of his love, and, of course, Katerina is no exception. She idealizes her beloved, he seems to her stronger, nobler and more sublime than he really is.
However, the young man compares favorably with the bulk of Ostrovsky's characters. He looks smarter and more educated. He is cultured and educated. But at the same time, Boris is weak, and therefore is inactive and goes with the flow. He brought misfortune even to the woman he loved. Katerina gave him everything she could, sacrificed honor, even her life. Boris did not have the courage to help the poor woman standing on the edge of the abyss.
From the very beginning, Boris knew that loving a married woman was a crime. He had noticed Katerina for a long time, but did not dare to get to know her. When Boris has a conversation with Kudryash about love, he tells him about local customs: “We are free about this. Girls walk around as they want, father and mother do not care. Only women are locked up.” And then Boris confesses that he is in love with a married woman. Curly persuades him to give up this idea, because such love should be banned. “After all, this means,” says Kudryash, “you want to ruin her completely, Boris Grigorievich! ”
What is Boris' reaction to these words? He in every possible way assures that in no case does he want to destroy the woman he loves: “God save! Save me, Lord! No, Curly, how can you! Do I want to kill her! I just want to see her somewhere, I don’t need anything else.”
Katerina is open to the world like a child. She gives her all without getting anything in return. Katerina's trouble is that Boris turned out to be unworthy of her love. With seeming positive qualities, he is actually a small, selfish person who thinks only of himself. Katerina's love for him is just entertainment, although he tries to prove to her that he acts only by succumbing to the power of passion. When Boris finds out that Katerina's husband has left for two weeks, he rejoices: “Oh, so we will take a walk! Time is enough.” These simple phrases are the best way to speak about his attitude to Katerina and their connection.
Boris submits to the will of his uncle, who sends him to Siberia. The scene of Katerina's farewell to her beloved shows how hard it is for a woman and how reserved Boris behaves at the same time. He says: “What is there to talk about me! I am a free bird."
Boris's words seem monstrous: “Well, God bless you! There is only one thing we must ask God for, that she die as soon as possible, so that she does not suffer for a long time! Goodbye! ". And these words a man says about his beloved woman! He does not even try to alleviate her fate, at least console her. Boris just wants her dead. And such is Katerina's retribution for the happiness that lasted only ten days!

Lesson topic: "Who is to blame for the death of Katerina?" (Katerina's love in A.N. Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm")

The purpose of the lesson:- analyze the image of the heroine; understand why she decided to love Boris, what this love led to.

Finding out Katerina's suicide is strength or weakness.

Find out the character traits of Katerina, why she cannot live according to the laws of the "dark kingdom".

Learn to do text research.

Learn to express your opinion.

Lesson Form: dispute.

Methodical methods: conversation with analysis of episodes, student reports, musical accompaniment, use of film and illustrations .

Equipment: A.N. Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm", illustrations for the play, portraits of actresses who played Katerina, film "Thunderstorm", musical accompaniment, poems by A. Dementiev and P. Vegin .

During the classes:

Organizing time.

Organization of the group to work, mark the absent.

Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

Love is stronger than death, stronger than fear of death.

(I.S. Turgenev)

Music sounds: romance "Under the caress of a plush blanket" - 2min 35 sec.

What kind of love is sung in the romance? (love is self-sacrifice that leads to death).

The main character of the play "Thunderstorm" love also led to death.

The topic of our lesson is “Do not tempt me by loving!” (Katerina's love in A.N. Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm")

The epigraph of the lesson: "Love is stronger than death, stronger than the fear of death."

How do you understand these words?

When a person loves, he is ready for anything, ready to sacrifice himself for the sake of his beloved, ready to perform a feat in the name of love. The main character of the play, Katerina, is ready to sacrifice a lot in the name of love, even her principles, she rushes into the pool, not being afraid of God's punishment.

We must figure out why Katerina decided to love Boris, why Katerina committed suicide, Katerina's death - victory or defeat, identify Katerina's character traits, why she cannot live according to the laws of the "dark kingdom", what are the origins of Katerina's character. We conduct the lesson in the form of a debate, in which you must express your opinion - Katerina's love - is it weakness or strength? Katerina's suicide - is it victory or defeat? Can this be called Katerina's protest against the "dark kingdom"? During the lesson, each of you should form your own opinion on this matter, which you will express during the debate.

Implementation of homework.

To better understand the image of Katerina and its incompatibility with the norm and morality of the "dark kingdom", let's recall the previous lesson, the life and customs of the city of Kalinov, having completed the tasks.

Assignments: “Do you know the play“ Thunderstorm ”(Handout)

Students read the question and answer it orally

Homework question: Which of the heroes of the play does not belong to either the "victims" or the "owners" of the city of Kalinov? (Katerina Kabanova). Why? (She does not subordinate anyone to herself and does not know how to obey herself)

new material.

1) Character traits of Katerina.

Katerina - the main character of Ostrovsky's play, does not obey the "masters" of life (Kabanikha and Diky), the laws of the dark kingdom are alien to her, she lives as her conscience tells her. The names of the heroes have a symbolic meaning: Katerina - Greek. "purity", "decency"; but the name of Kabanikhi - Martha - Greek. “mistress”, “mistress”, this is how she feels herself in the play; the daughter of Kabanikhi - Barbara - from the Greek "foreign", "rude". Such Katerina by virtue of her character.

What character traits appear from the very first remarks of Katerina? (read out remarks) - inability to be hypocritical, directness.

Already from the very first remarks of Katerina, a conflict is felt.

Where did such character traits of Katerina come from, if the city of Kalinov lives according to other principles? (upbringing in childhood, in the home)

Let's compare Katerina's life in the house of Kabanikh and in the house of her parents.

At the parents' house:

- “like a bird in the wild”

- "mother did not have a soul in her"

- "not forced to work"

- “Embroidered, went to church, walked”

In the house of her parents, Katerina felt the cordial attitude of her relatives, relative freedom, listened to the stories of wanderers, pilgrims, attended church. Hence Katerina's painful impressionability and romantic attitude to life.

In the Kabanikhi's house:

- "withered like a flower"

- "out of love they scold you"

- "everything is forced"

- "I will not be afraid, you and even more so"

In the house of Kabanova, Katerina experienced a cruel relationship with her mother-in-law, which caused a constant spiritual rebellion, and Tikhon did not understand Katerina. And he lived on the orders of Kabanikhi.

The influence of life at the Kabanovs on Katerina:

A) Awareness of one's doom

B) Closure, disappointment in family life.

C) Passionate desire for freedom, love, happiness.

Now let's find out the character traits of the main character and what is her conflict with others?

Katerina's character traits - the principles of life in the Kabanikh's house

Freedom - submission

Independence - giving up one's will

Self-esteem - humiliation by reproaches and suspicions

Dreaminess and poetry - lack of spiritual principles

Religiosity - religious hypocrisy

Decisiveness - not to let live according to one's own will (bondage)

Kindness, disinterestedness - rudeness and abuse

Honesty, spontaneity - deceit

Conclusion: For Katerina, the main thing is to live according to your soul, and for Kabanikha, the main thing is to subdue and not let you live in your own way. Here there is a sharp contrast - an irreconcilable conflict follows.

What is your opinion on the question: How does Katerina differ from the inhabitants of the city of Kalinov? (spontaneity, kindness, sincerity, honesty, etc.)

Is Katerina's striving for freedom a protest or a state of mind? (Students' opinions)

2) Is Katerina's love for Boris a protest or a sincere feeling?

Love is the driving force behind the story. What is love? Definition according to Ozhegov's dictionary (Love of children, parents, friends, high feeling)

1) all the characters talk about love, especially Katerina.

2) We are talking about different love (love of parents, friendship, sons

and about love as a high spiritual feeling.)

3) The first and last lines about love belong to Katerina.

4) In 4.D, where the scene of Katerina's repentance is described - there are no replicas with the word "love" at all

Is Katerina's tragedy a tragedy of love or conscience?

A. Dementiev's poem "The soul does not want change"

Love is not only uplifting.

Love sometimes destroys us.

Breaks destinies and hearts...

Beautiful in her desires

She can be so dangerous

Like an explosion, like nine grams of lead.

She bursts in suddenly.

And you can't tomorrow

Don't see a pretty face.

Love is not only uplifting.

Love rules and decides everything.

And we go into this captivity.

And we do not dream of freedom.

While the dawn in the soul rises,

The soul does not want change.

So Katerina's love is not only an exalted feeling, but a destructive feeling, which played a fatal role in her fate, led the heroine to death. Cases of suicide in the patriarchal merchant world were not isolated - we will see this from the history of the creation of the play "Thunderstorm" (student report)

“On the instructions of His Imperial Highness, General-Admiral, Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich, prominent Russian writers who already had travel experience and a taste for essay prose were sent around the country for new materials for the Marine Collection. They had to study and describe the folk crafts associated with the sea, lakes and rivers, the methods of local shipbuilding and navigation, the situation of domestic fisheries and the very state of the waterways of Russia.

Ostrovsky got the Upper Volga from its source to Nizhny Novgorod. And he got down to business with passion.”

“In the old dispute of the Volga cities about which of them, by the will of Ostrovsky, was turned into Kalinov (the scene of the play “Thunderstorm”), arguments in favor of Kineshma, Tver, Kostroma are most often heard. The debaters seemed to forget about Rzhev, but meanwhile it was Rzhev who was clearly involved in the birth of the mysterious idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe Thunderstorm!

Where the Thunderstorm was written - at a dacha near Moscow or in Zavolzhsky Shchelykovo - is not known for sure, but it was created with amazing speed, truly by inspiration, in a few months of 1859.

For quite a long time, it was believed that Ostrovsky took the plot of The Thunderstorm from the life of the Kostroma merchants, that it was based on the Klykov case, which was sensational in Kostroma at the end of the summer of 1859. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Kostroma residents proudly pointed to the place of Katerina's suicide - a gazebo at the end of a small boulevard, in those years literally hanging over the Volga. They also showed the house where she lived - next to the Church of the Assumption. And the code "Thunderstorm" for the first time was on the stage of the Kostroma Theater, the artists made up "under the Klykovs".

Kostroma local historians then thoroughly examined the Klykovo case in the archive and, with documents in their hands, came to the conclusion that it was this story that Ostrovsky used in his work on Thunderstorm. The coincidences were almost literal. A.P. Klykova was extradited at the age of sixteen to a gloomy and unsociable merchant family, consisting of old parents, a son and an unmarried daughter. The mistress of the house, severe and obstinate, depersonalized her husband and children with her despotism. She forced her young daughter-in-law to do any menial work, refused her requests to see her relatives.

At the time of the drama, Klykova was 19 years old. In the past, she was brought up in love and the soul of a doting grandmother in her, she was cheerful, cheerful, lively. Now she was unkind and a stranger in the family. Her young husband, Klykov, a carefree and apathetic man, could not protect his wife from the harassment of his mother-in-law and treated her indifferently. The Klykovs had no children. And then another man stood in the way of the young woman, Maryin, who works in the post office. Began suspicions, scenes of jealousy. It ended with the fact that on November 10, 1859, the body of A.P. Klykova was found in the Volga. A long trial began, which received wide publicity even outside the Kostroma province, and none of the Kostroma residents doubted that Ostrovsky had used the materials of this case in Groz.

Many decades passed before the researchers of Ostrovsky’s work established for sure that The Thunderstorm was written before the Kostroma merchant Klykova rushed into the Volga. Ostrovsky began work on The Thunderstorm in June-July 1859 and finished on October 9 of the same year.

It can be concluded that such cases in the merchant environment happened, so the patriarchal foundations of society did not allow them to live freely, independently, but subjugated, enslaved. A woman could not love the one she wants, they married not for love, and she had to come to terms with her fate.

Katerina Kabanova did not reconcile herself, as did A.P. Klykova.

Reading the dialogue of Katerina and Barbara (D.2, yavl. 2)

Who did Katerina love?

Why does Varvara guess about Katerina's love?

What can be said about the principles of the Kabanovs' house? How has Barbara adapted?

Katerina fell in love with Boris, but Katerina's conscience, her religiosity does not allow her to transgress the moral law - to cheat on her husband. Katerina's torment was noticed by Varvara, who adapted to the laws of the "dark kingdom", learned to deceive and, secretly from her mother, meets her beloved Curly. It is Varvara who arranges a meeting between Katerina and Boris when Tikhon leaves on business.

Analysis of the scene "Seeing Tikhon" D2, yavl.3,4,5.

(Reading by role)

How do the characters behave in this scene, how does this characterize them?

What is the significance of this scene in the development of events?

(In this scene, the despotism of Kabanikha is revealed to the extreme, Tikhon's complete inability to not only protect. But also understand Katerina is revealed. This scene explains Katerina's decision to go on a date with Boris.)

How does Tikhon behave before leaving?

(In order to understand Tikhon’s state of mind before leaving, you need to clearly understand his position in his mother’s house, his desire to be freed from guardianship for at least two weeks. With a sense of relief, Tikhon utters his remark: “Yes, sir, it’s time.” But it turns out that not yet everything.Mother demands that he instruct Katerina how to live without him.Tikhon realizes that by doing his mother's will, he humiliates his wife.

When Kabanikh’s instructions become completely offensive, Tikhon tries to object to the bullying of Katerina, but his mother is adamant, and he quietly, embarrassed, as if apologizing to his wife, says: “Don’t look at the guys!” The goal of the Kabanikha is to bring to the complete obedience of the household and, above all, the wayward Katerina)

Analysis of a monologue with a key. D 2, yavl.10.

Let's try to understand why Katerina fell in love with Boris?

We will find the answer in Dobrolyubov's article: “In this passion lies her whole life; all the strength of her nature, all her living aspirations merge here. She is attracted to Boris not only by the fact that she likes him, that he is not like the rest of those around her in appearance and speech, her need for love, which has not found a response in her husband, and the offended feeling of a wife and a woman, are attracted to him, and the mortal anguish of her monotonous life, and the desire for freedom, space, hot, unrestricted freedom.

Reading a monologue. (student reads)

What feelings does Katerina experience, how are these feelings reflected in her speech? What is the meaning of the scene?

(Here, the victory of Katerina’s natural feeling over the dogmas of house building is revealed. Katerina’s speech is full of short, abrupt interrogative and exclamatory sentences, repetitions, comparisons conveying the tension of Katerina’s feelings.

After an excited introduction, Katerina's bitter thoughts about life in captivity follow. Speech becomes more restrained, balanced. Katerina disputes the original decision to throw the key: “What a sin if I look at it once, at least from afar! Yes, at least I’ll talk about it! .. But he himself didn’t want to. ” This part of the monologue is accompanied by remarks: after thinking, silence, reflects, looks thoughtfully at the key, characterizing the state of Katerina.

The monologue ends with a strong outburst of feelings: “I should even die, but see him…”

A love choice dooms Katerina to torment. She is dating Boris.

An excerpt from the movie "Thunderstorm" (scene "Date")

What is the complexity of Katerina's internal state?

(Katerina deceives and stands on a par with Varvara, this is not typical of Katerina's nature. The author shows the evolution of the heroine's state of mind - from confusion to the assertion of the right to love. Katerina "quietly descends the path, .. with her eyes downcast on the ground", addresses to Boris “with fright, but without raising his eyes”, “raises his eyes and looks at Boris”, “throws himself on his neck.”)

How is Katerina's struggle with herself shown in these monologues? (her monologues are tense, emotional, it is not the mind that speaks in them, but the heart.)

What is Katherine's determination expressed in? (decided on love with Boris, acted at the behest of the heart, not the law)

Conclusion: Katerina's love is a sincere feeling, she is not capable of hypocrisy and pretending, she acts at the behest of her heart, violating the moral and religious law - she cheats on her husband, and Tikhon did not seek to win Katerina's love, but lived on the orders and orders of his "mother", therefore Katerina did not find support and love in him, so she is looking for it on the side.

So. Is Katerina's love a sincere feeling or a protest? (students' opinions )

Repentance of Katerina (D.4, Yavl 6)

After the arrival of her husband, Katerina “simply became on her own ... She is trembling all over, as if she were having a fever; so pale, rushing about the house, just what she was looking for. Eyes like a lunatic."

Why has there been a change in Katerina? (Katerina was religious, cheating on her husband, she committed a grave sin, she went to deceit, which is contrary to her nature, so Katerina is hard at heart, it is easier for her to confess, repent)

Since the drama is called "Thunderstorm", the motive of the thunderstorm is present throughout the play. Let's try to figure out how the title of the play determines the actions of the main character.

What do you think the meaning of the title is?

(Thunderstorm - in nature - the motive of an impending thunderstorm is constantly heard.

A thunderstorm in Katerina's soul - disagreement with the morality of the "dark kingdom", the desire to live according to her own heart, love for Boris, leads to confusion in the soul.

A thunderstorm in society - a conflict is brewing, the unwillingness of many to live according to the norms and

house building rules, free feelings awaken in an unfree society.)

Thunderstorm in nature - refreshing

Thunderstorm in the soul - cleanses

Thunderstorm in society - enlightens.

How the inhabitants of Kalinovo perceived a thunderstorm (as a divine phenomenon. As a punishment of God, Katerina is no exception, she is afraid of a thunderstorm, following religious motives)

How is the scene of repentance motivated? (read an excerpt from the play)

(A thunderstorm is approaching, which, according to the Kalinovites, “is sent to us as a punishment.” The gloomy color is enhanced by the scene of action - instead of the panorama of the Volga - a narrow gallery with oppressive vaults. Katerina is now “unarmed.” She is hurt both by Kabanikha’s hints and Tikhon’s affectionate joke. Weasel husband, before whom she is guilty - for her torture)

What is the difference in Katerina's state of mind in D.1 and D.4?

(The difference in Katerina’s state of mind is also expressed in her exclamations after the mistress left in D.1 “Oh, how she frightened me, I’m trembling all over, as if she was prophesying something to me; D.4.: “Oh, I’m dying!” Katerina waiting for God's punishment. She seeks protection from God, kneels down and sees the image of hell in front of her. Thus Ostrovsky leads to the climax of the play - the scene of repentance.)

D.4.yavl.6. - Read the passage. How does Katerina feel now?

(If the victory of love in Katerina's soul is revealed in the monologue with the key and in the scene of the meeting, then in the scene of repentance the power of the norms of religious morality gravitating over Katerina is clearly revealed.)

(If Katerina hid her sin, learned to pretend and deceive, continued to go on dates with Boris, then this would mean that Katerina adapted to the surrounding society, reconciled with its moral principles, despotism)

What explains Katherine's remorse?

(Katerina’s repentance is explained not only by the fear of God’s punishment, but also by the fact that her high morality rebels against the deception that entered her life. She said about herself: “I can’t deceive, I can’t hide anything.” For Katerina's moral assessment of one's actions and thoughts is an important aspect of spiritual life, and in Katerina's public recognition one can see an attempt to atone for her guilt, severely punish herself, an attempt at moral purification.)

Could Katherine have found a way to save her soul? Why? (students' opinions)

Farewell to Boris. (D.5, Yavl 3.4)

(Reading an excerpt)

The romance "And in the end I will say" sounds

Katerina rushes into the Volga, not reconciled with the laws of the "dark kingdom".

Why Boris couldn’t save Katerina (He was a “victim” of the “dark kingdom”, lived under the influence of the Wild, and could not disobey him, obeyed him and could not, like Katerina, oppose captivity because of the fear of the “victim”)

What can be the conclusion?

Conclusion: Katerina never betrayed herself, she decided on love at the behest of her heart, she confessed to treason from an inner sense of freedom (a lie is not freedom), she says goodbye to Boris not only because of a feeling of love, but also because he suffered because of her, rushed into the Volga at the request of a free soul.

Prove that Katerina's death is a protest.

(The timid Tikhon blames his mother for the death of his wife, Varvara runs away from home)

Who will pray for the heroines who died for love?

P. Vegin's poem "Keeper of the Hearth"

You are destroying the hearth.

Blue fire is boiling

In desperate eyes

Warrior in love

What is drama to you, what is shame?

And you destroy the house

To build a temple.

The heroine of the play, destroying her family, went to love, experienced moments of happiness, built a temple of love, probably the goddess of love will pray for her soul.

Will the city of Kalinov be able to live as before after Katerina's death? (students' opinions)

Work according to the textbook (Reserve)

The role of Katerina was played by many actresses, all of them approached the interpretation of this image in different ways.

"Performers of the roles of Katerina"

1- Kositskaya

2-Fedotova

3-Strepetova

4-Yermolova

5-Tarasova

6-Kozyreva

Textbook work: How did the actresses embody the image of Katerina?

Conclusion: Diverse stage incarnations are a continuation of the controversy: is it strength or weakness? Protest or humility?

6. Critics about the play.

What is a critic to do here?

Student Message

Dobrolyubov "A Ray of Light in the Dark Kingdom"

- "Thunderstorm" is the revolutionary forces ripening in the depths of Russia

The critic noted strong, rebellious motives in the character of Katerina

In Katerina we see a protest against Kaban's notions of morality.

Katerina is a healthy person. Which found in itself the determination to end this rotten life at all costs.

D. Pisarev "Motives of Russian drama"

Katerina is a "crazy dreamer

Katerina's whole life consists of internal contradictions.

She constantly goes from one extreme to the other.

She confuses her life and the lives of others at every step.

She confuses everything, cuts the protracted knots by the most stupid means - suicide.

Apollon Grigoriev

I saw in Katerina the poetry of folk life

He noted the beauty of nature, the Volga, against which the action unfolds: “As if not an artist, but a whole people created here!”

7. Fixing.

T test task.

Lesson summary.

So, we examined in the lesson the image of the main character of Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm", what conclusion can be drawn about her? (strong, decisive, able to love, defend her feelings, but not able to lie, deceive, afraid of God - all this led the heroine to death)

Disassemble the diagram. (Met Zolotareva p.196) - draw a conclusion of the lesson

Submit ratings.

Lesson conclusion: Katerina is a strong personality who knew how to love, is ready for self-sacrifice in the name of love, but she is honest, sincere and therefore she is not able to pretend, deceive, i.e. live according to the laws of the "dark kingdom", she chose a way out - suicide, in order to save herself and her soul from remorse and get away from the norms and rules of the city of Kalinov.

Sounds of the romance "Love is a magical land"

9. D / s

Make a characterization of the literary hero - Katerina according to the plan (see the stand)

Katerina meets Boris, and her clouded heart says that this is the one she has been looking for for so long. But is it? No, Boris is far from ideal, he cannot give Katerina what she asks for, namely: understanding and protection. She cannot feel with Boris "as if behind a stone wall." And the justice of this is confirmed by Boris' vile act, full of cowardice and indecision: he leaves Katerina alone, throws her "to be eaten by wolves." These "wolves" are terrible, but they cannot frighten the "Russian soul" of Katerina. And her soul is truly Russian. And Katerina unites with the people not only communication, but also communion with Christianity. Katerina believes in God so much that she prays every evening in her little room. She likes to go to church, look at the icons, listen to the ringing of the bell. She, like Russian people, loves freedom. And it is precisely this love of freedom that does not allow her to come to terms with the current situation.

Our heroine is not used to lying, and therefore she talks about her love for Boris to her husband. But instead of understanding, Katerina meets only a direct reproach. Now nothing holds her in this world: Boris turned out to be not the same as Katerina “painted” him for herself, and life in the house of Kabanikh became even more unbearable. The poor, innocent "bird imprisoned in a cage" could not withstand captivity - Katerina committed suicide. The girl still managed to “fly up”, she stepped from the high bank into the Volga, “spread her wings” and boldly went to the bottom.

By her act, Katerina resists the "dark kingdom". But Dobrolyubov calls her a “beam” in him, not only because her tragic death revealed all the horror of the “dark kingdom” and showed the inevitability of death for those who cannot come to terms with oppression, but also because Katerina’s death will not pass and will not can pass without a trace for "cruel morals." After all, anger is already being born at these tyrants. Kuligin - and he reproached Kabanikha for the lack of mercy, even the uncomplaining executor of his mother's wishes, Tikhon, publicly dared to throw in her face the accusation of Katerina's death. Already, an ominous thunderstorm is brewing over this entire “kingdom”, capable of destroying it “to smithereens”.

And this bright ray, which awakened - even for a moment - the consciousness of destitute, unrequited people who are materially dependent on the rich, convincingly showed that there must come an end to the unbridled robbery and complacency of the Wild and the oppressive lust for power and hypocrisy of the Boars. The significance of the image of Katerina is also important today. Yes, maybe many consider Katerina an immoral, shameless traitor, but is she really to blame for this?!

Most likely, Tikhon is to blame, who did not pay due attention and affection to his wife, but only followed the advice of his "mother". Katerina is only to blame for marrying such a weak-willed person. Her life was destroyed, but she tried to “build” a new one from the remains. Katerina boldly walked forward until she realized that there was nowhere else to go. But even then she took a brave step, the last step over the abyss leading to another world, perhaps a better one, and perhaps a worse one. And this courage, the thirst for truth and freedom make you bow before Katerina. Yes, she is probably not so perfect, she has her flaws, but courage makes the heroine a role model worthy of praise.

Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" stands out from the great variety of his plays thanks to Katerina. In dramaturgy, a “live” positive hero very rarely happens. As a rule, the author has enough colors for negative characters, but positive characters always come out primitively schematic. Perhaps because there is so little really good in this world. Katerina, the main character in Ostrovsky's drama, is the only good thing in that dark world, the “dark realm” of philistinism that surrounds her. The desire to fly is the main dissimilarity of Katerina to those people into whose trap she fell into, thanks to her marriage. But, unfortunately, there was only one way out of the trap for her.
From the words of Katerina, we learn about her childhood and adolescence. The girl did not receive a good education. She lived with her mother in the countryside. Katerina's childhood was joyful, cloudless. Her mother “doted on her soul”, did not force her to work on the housework. Katya lived freely: she got up early, washed herself with spring water, watered flowers, went to church with her mother, then sat down to some work and listened to wanderers and praying women, who were many in their house. Katerina had magical dreams in which she flew under the clouds. And how strongly the act of a six-year-old girl contrasts with such a quiet, happy life when Katya, offended by something, ran away from her house to the Volga in the evening, got into a boat and pushed off from the shore! ..
We see that Katerina grew up as a happy, romantic, but limited girl. She was very pious and passionately loving. She loved everything and everyone around her: nature, the sun, the church, her house with wanderers, the poor she helped. But the most important thing about Katya is that she lived in her dreams, apart from the rest of the world. Of everything that existed, she chose only that which did not contradict her nature, the rest she did not want to notice and did not notice. Therefore, the girl saw angels in the sky, and the church was for her a place where everything is bright, where you can dream.
But if she met on her way something that contradicted her ideals, then a rebellious and stubborn nature manifested in her and she defended herself from that outsider, a stranger that dared to disturb her soul. This explains the case with the boat.
After marriage, Katya's life changed a lot. From the free, joyful, sublime world, in which she felt her merging with nature, the girl fell into a life full of deceit, cruelty and doom. It’s not even that Katerina married Tikhon against her will: she didn’t love anyone at all and she didn’t care who she married. The fact is that the girl was robbed of her former life, which she created for herself. Katerina no longer feels such delight from attending church, she cannot do her usual business. Sad, disturbing thoughts do not allow her to calmly admire nature. Katya can only endure while she is patient and dream, but she can no longer live with her thoughts, because the cruel reality brings her back to earth, where there is humiliation and suffering.
Katerina is trying to find her happiness in love for Tikhon: “I will love my husband. Tisha, my dear, I will not exchange you for anyone. But the sincere manifestations of this love are suppressed by Kabanikha: “Why are you hanging around your neck, shameless? You don't say goodbye to your lover." Katerina has a strong sense of outward humility and duty, which is why she forces herself to love her unloved husband. Tikhon himself, because of the tyranny of his mother, cannot truly love his wife, although he probably wants to. And when he, leaving for a while,
leaves Katya to walk freely, the woman becomes completely lonely.
Why did Katerina fall in love with Boris? After all, he did not flaunt his masculine qualities, like Paratov, he did not even talk to her. Perhaps the reason was that she lacked something pure in the stuffy atmosphere of the Kabanikh's house. And love for Boris was this pure, did not allow Katerina to completely wither away, somehow supported her. She went on a date with Boris because she felt like a person with pride, elementary rights. It was a rebellion against resignation to fate, against lawlessness. Katerina knew that she was committing a sin, but she also knew that it was still impossible to live on. She sacrificed the purity of her conscience to freedom and Boris.
In my opinion, taking this step, Katya already felt the approaching end and probably thought: “Now or never.” She wanted to be filled with love, knowing that there would be no other chance. On the first date, Katerina told Boris: “You ruined me.” Boris is the reason for the discrediting of her soul, and for Katya this is tantamount to death. Sin hangs on her heart like a heavy stone. Katerina is very afraid of the approaching thunderstorm; considering it a punishment for what she did. Katerina has been afraid of thunderstorms ever since she started thinking about Boris. For her pure soul, even the thought of loving a stranger is a sin.
Katya cannot live on with her sin, and she considers repentance to be the only way to at least partially get rid of it. She confesses everything to her husband and Kabanikh. Such an act in our time seems very strange, naive. “I don’t know how to deceive; I can’t hide anything” - such is Katerina. Tikhon forgave his wife, but did she forgive herself? Being very religious, Katya is afraid of God, and her God lives in her, God is her conscience. A woman is tormented by two questions: how will she return home and look into the eyes of her husband, whom she cheated on, and how will she live with a stain on her conscience. Katerina sees death as the only way out of this situation: “No, I don’t care whether I go home or go to the grave... It’s better in the grave... To live again? No, no, don't... not good."
Haunted by her sin, Katerina passes away to save her soul. Dobrolyubov defined Katerina's character as "resolute, whole, Russian." Decisive, because she decided to take the last step, to die, in order to save herself from shame and remorse. Whole, because in Katya's character everything is harmonious, one, nothing contradicts each other, because Katya is one with nature, with God. Russian, because who, no matter how Russian, is capable of loving like that, able to sacrifice like that, so seemingly submissively endure all hardships, while remaining himself, free, not a slave.