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At least in order to see with your own eyes the paintings “Girl with Peaches”, “Rooks Have Arrived”, “The Appearance of Christ to the People”, “Morning in a Pine Forest” and many other works of Russian fine art, familiar even to all people who are far from painting from candy wrappers and Internet memes.

The picture was painted in 1871 under the impression of military operations in Turkestan, which struck eyewitnesses with their cruelty. Initially, the canvas was called "The Triumph of Tamerlane", whose troops left behind such pyramids of skulls. According to history, once the women of Baghdad and Damascus turned to Tamerlane, who complained about their husbands, mired in sins and depravity. Then the cruel commander ordered each soldier from his 200,000-strong army to bring a severed head of lecherous husbands. After the order was executed, 7 pyramids of heads were laid out.

"Unequal Marriage" Vasily Pukirev

The painting depicts the wedding process in the Orthodox Church. A young dowry bride marries an old official against her will. According to one version, the painting depicts a love drama of the artist himself. The prototype in the image of the bride depicts the failed bride of Vasily Pukirev. And in the image of the best man, depicted at the edge of the picture behind the bride, with his hands folded on his chest, is the artist himself.

"Boyarynya Morozova" Vasily Surikov

Giant in size (304 x 586 cm), Vasily Surikov's painting depicts a scene from the history of the church schism in the 17th century. The painting is dedicated to Morozova Theodosia Prokopievna - an associate of the spiritual leader of the supporters of the old faith, Archpriest Avvakum. Around 1670, she secretly took the veil as a nun, was arrested in 1671, and in 1673 sent to the Pafnutev-Borovsky Monastery, where she was starved to death in an earthen prison.

The painting depicts an episode when the noblewoman Morozova is being transported around Moscow to the place of imprisonment. Next to Morozova is her sister Evdokia Urusova, who shared the fate of a schismatic; in the depths - a wanderer, in whose face the features of the artist are read.

"They didn't expect" Ilya Repin

The second picture, painted in 1884-1888, depicts the moment of the unexpected return home of a political exile. The boy and the woman at the piano (apparently his wife) are happy, the girl looks wary, the maid is incredulous, in the hunched figure of the mother in the foreground one feels a deep emotional shock.

Currently, both paintings are part of the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery.

"Trinity" Andrey Rublev

The Tretyakov Gallery has the richest collection of ancient Russian art of the 11th-17th centuries, including works by Dionysius, Simon Ushakov and Andrei Rublev. In the 60th hall of the gallery hangs one of the most famous and famous icons in the world - "Trinity", painted by Andrei Rublev in the first quarter of the 15th century. Three angels gathered around the table on which the sacrificial bowl stands for a quiet, unhurried conversation.

"Trinity" is kept in the hall of ancient Russian painting of the Tretyakov Gallery, in a special glass case, which maintains constant humidity and temperature, and which protects the icon from any external influences.

"Unknown" Ivan Kramskoy

The place of action of the picture is beyond doubt - this is Nevsky Prospekt in St. Petersburg, Anichkov Bridge. But the image of a woman is still a mystery of the artist. Neither in the letters nor in the diaries did Kramskoy leave any mention of the unknown person. Critics connected this image with Anna Karenina of Leo Tolstoy, with Nastasya Filippovna of Fyodor Dostoevsky, the names of famous ladies of the world were called. There is also a version that the painting depicts the artist's daughter, Sofia Ivanovna Kramskaya.

In Soviet times, Kramskoy's "Unknown" became almost a Russian Sistine Madonna - the ideal of unearthly beauty and spirituality. And hung in every decent Soviet house.

"Bogatyrs" Viktor Vasnetsov

Vasnetsov painted this picture for almost twenty years. On April 23, 1898, it was completed and soon bought by P. M. Tretyakov for his gallery.

In epics, Dobrynya is always young, like Alyosha, but for some reason Vasnetsov portrayed him as a mature man with a luxurious beard. Some researchers believe that Dobrynya's facial features resemble the artist himself. The prototype for Ilya Muromets was the peasant of the Vladimir province Ivan Petrov, whom Vasnetsov had previously captured in one of the studies.

Content Topics

Every self-respecting world capital has its own art museum. Examples? Please! The Metro in New York, the Prado in Madrid, of course, the Louvre in Paris. In London there is the National Gallery, in Moscow there is the Tretyakov Gallery.

She is the pearl of the capital, one of her symbols with the real face of Russian art. Moreover, the Tretyakov Gallery houses the largest collection of Russian fine art from the 11th and 21st centuries, from ancient iconography to contemporary avant-garde.

Tourists from all over the world strive to discover this treasury of painting for themselves: if you haven’t been to the Tretyakov Gallery, you haven’t known the Russian soul!

Both those who are far from art and those who are ready to spend hours looking at great canvases, the play of light and shadow, brilliant stories and priceless icons come to its halls. And the Tretyakov Gallery for more than 160 years continues to stand on its four pillars: the preservation, research, presentation and popularization of Russian art.

How to get there, photo?

• Metro: Tretyakovskaya, Tretyakovskaya, Polyanka
• Official site: tretyakovgallery.ru
• Working mode:
  • Mon - Closed;
  • Tue, Wed, Sun 10:00 - 18:00;
  • Thu, Fri, Sat10:00 - 21:00
• Address: 119017, Moscow, Lavrushinsky lane, 10

Tickets, prices

You can buy tickets at ticket.tretyakovgallery.ru. Prices:

• Tretyakov Gallery
  • Adult — 500 rubles.
  • Preferential - 200 rubles.
  • Under 18 - Free
• Complex entrance ticket (Lavrushinsky lane, 10 and Krymsky Val, 10)
  • Adult — 800 rubles.
  • Preferential - 300 rubles.
  • Under 18 - Free
• Complex entrance ticket (Lavrushinsky per., 10 and Lavrushinsky per., 12)
  • Adult — 800 rubles.
  • Preferential - 300 rubles.
  • Under 18 - Free

Free visit days

• 1st and 2nd Sunday of each month - for students of higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation upon presentation of a student ID card (“trainee student” is not suitable);
• for students of secondary and secondary special educational institutions (from 18 years old);
• every Saturday - for members of large families (citizens of Russia and CIS countries);

To obtain a ticket, you must contact the box office and present the necessary documents.

Plan of the halls of the Tretyakov Gallery

• First floor

• Second floor

Virtual tour of the Tretyakov Gallery

Founding father of the gallery

Without a doubt, without the merchant Pavel Tretyakov, there would be no art gallery. It was to him that Moscow owes the opening of an art museum. But Pavel Mikhailovich had nothing to do with culture: his family was engaged in commerce, and he had no choice but to get involved in the business of his parents. The well-known merchant family Tretyakov continued, but the young manufacturer did not leave the thought of art either. At the age of 24, he acquired two oil paintings by artists V. Khudyakov and N. Schilder, which the public had not heard of. But today their names are known to connoisseurs and lovers of painting. From that moment in 1856, Tretyakov's collection and the future gallery began.

The merchant dreamed of opening a museum of Russian art. He studied the art market, and from the late 50s he acquired the best paintings.

Pavel Tretyakov was not just a collector, but a person with broad cultural knowledge. Even the artists themselves called his instinct diabolical, and Tretyakov himself said that he worked exclusively for the Russian people. He did not miss exhibitions in the capitals, visited workshops and bought works of art even before they appeared on display. It was said that even the king, approaching the paintings that he liked, saw the sign “Purchased by P.M. Tretyakov.

The famous philanthropist and collector not only collected paintings by outstanding artists, but also supported beginners and promoted their work. Through the efforts of Pavel Mikhailovich, many geniuses of painting of the late 19th century became known.

It is known that he was especially interested in the Wanderers: his house was even called that - the house of the Wanderers. Actually, some of the modern painters, for example, I. Kramskoy, lived within its walls. It was his brush that belongs to the famous portrait of Tretyakov himself. He literally saved A. Savrasov from poverty. However, buying up the paintings that he liked, Tretyakov did not let many artists sink into obscurity and poverty. And he continued to acquire paintings by V. Perov, I. Shishkin and others, which have become their most famous today.

The collection of V. Vereshchagin became an expensive acquisition for the gallery. For the oriental flavor in the paintings and sketches that captured Turkestan, the patron laid out 92 thousand rubles. Truly, Tretyakov managed to collect a unique collection of portraits. He had to persuade some heroes personally, as happened with Leo Tolstoy. The philanthropist specially ordered portraits of those who glorified Russia to the artists. Images of great composers, writers and musicians: Fyodor Dostoevsky, Nikolai Nekrasov, Mikhail Mussorgsky have settled in the gallery forever.

Connoisseurs separately talk about the portrait of Maria Lopukhina by master V. Borovikovsky, and call it the pearl of the collection. It was Tretyakov who managed to put an end to the rumors associated with this "bad" picture. After he acquired the work for his collection, the portrait began to be spoken of as a harbinger of the imminent death of every young girl who looked at him. The fact is that notoriety trailed behind all the images of Mary who lived an unhappy and short life, for the most part because of her father, a mystic and a freemason.

Portrait of Maria Lopukhina. Creator Borovikovsky Vladimir

But under the order of Tretyakov, the artists painted not only portraits. True landscapes of Russian life, historical sketches were also a collector's passion. It is quite possible that neither contemporaries nor descendants would ever have seen the painting “Hymn of the Pythagoreans” if the patron had not ordered this now famous painting by F.A. Bronnikov.

"Hymn of the Pythagoreans to the Rising Sun" 1869 Oil on canvas 99.7 x 161. F.A. Bronnikov.

The picture adorned the living room of the Tretyakov estate, and was a favorite work of art by the wife of an art connoisseur, Vera Nikolaevna. She supported her husband in avoiding excesses, despite the wealth. After sacrificing luxury, it was possible to save money in favor of acquiring works of art. And, relying on his taste and predilections, Tretyakov continued to replenish the collection. By the opening of the city gallery, the collection was already impressive: sculptures, more than 1200 Russian paintings and more than 80 foreign ones, five hundred drawings.

P. M. Tretyakov decided to donate the fruits of his many years of work to Moscow in 1892. This is how the first public art museum appeared.

He was in Tretyakov's own estate. The collection expanded, and the mansion grew with it. Four times during the life of the patron, the family nest was upset, new walls were needed for a rich exposition. Of course, a worker of art, but first and foremost a merchant, Tretyakov imagined what difficulties descendants could expect in maintaining such a large fund and replenishing the collection. Therefore, he bequeathed 275 thousand rubles for the repair and purchase of new masterpieces. In addition, he presented a truly priceless collection of ancient Russian icons. Well, during his lifetime, he permanently held the post of manager of the gallery.

After the death of Pavel Tretyakov, the good deed of creating the museum was picked up by other philanthropists who were not indifferent to the fate of Russian art. And each of them remembered that the founding father of the gallery saw it not as a simple repository of works of art, but precisely those samples that would convey the very essence of the Russian soul. Since then, the Tretyakov Gallery has been the main museum of Russian national art.

"Tretyakovka" without Tretyakov

The bequeathed capital was sufficient to maintain the gallery. What was missing were rooms to house the collection. The merchant estate of the Tretyakovs was rebuilt, overgrown with outbuildings. Already at the beginning of the 1900s, the famous artist Viktor Vasnetsov developed sketches, according to which a unique facade appeared - now it is the emblem of the museum. The neo-Russian style only emphasizes that here the Russian spirit and smells of Russia.

Throughout the Soviet period, the Tretyakov Gallery changed names, types of property, trustees, but invariably expanded and replenished.

Under the direction of the architect Igor Grabar, the exposition began to be formed chronologically. The so-called European type. But the main thing is that the State Art Fund appeared, and the collection continued to grow, including at the expense of exhibits confiscated from rich private collections. The museum's collection consisted of about 4,000 exhibits. The so-called "Schusev" period was famous for the expansion of not only the funds, but also the walls: the Tretyakov Gallery passed another former merchant's estate. She housed the scientific departments, it kept graphics, as well as a library. The book fund of the Tretyakov Gallery can be considered a real asset: it contains more than 200 thousand publications about art and its trends.

The fatal forties made their adjustments to the life of the gallery. The museums of the capital were being prepared for evacuation, and the Tretyakov Gallery was no exception. Her funds were taken out for more than a year. Priceless canvases were cut out of frames, shifted with sheets of paper, closed in waterproof boxes and evacuated. 17 wagons delivered the exhibits to the capital of Siberia. But the building of the Tretyakov Gallery, nothing could hide from the bombing.

But still, post-war life turned out to be eventful. When life entered a peaceful course, and the paintings returned to their native walls, the administration and cultural workers began to prepare for the 100th anniversary of the museum.

New works of art were acquired, among which were paintings by Savrasov, Petrov-Vodkin, Vrubel. It became clear that the existing space was sorely lacking, because in 1956, the anniversary year for the gallery, there were more than 35,000 items of cultural value!

The issue of expansion was inherited by all the authorities of the USSR. This is how the depository and the new engineering building appeared. Under director Yu.K. To the Queen, the church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi entered the museum, and the main building itself was closed for reconstruction. The collection also grew: by 1975, state purchases expanded the funds to 55,000 paintings and sculptures.

By the mid-1990s, in spite of any unrest, the Gallery grew into 10 halls at once. There are exhibitions of sculptures from the Middle Ages to the present day, entire rooms have been dedicated to individual paintings. In addition, the expansion of the area made it possible to increase the expositions themselves.

Today, the Tretyakov Gallery has more than 170,000 exhibits, among which ancient Russian icons and the Russian avant-garde are of particular pride.

The collection of works by the Wanderers is considered one of the most complete, and the Russian painting presented in the museum, starting from the 12th century, is unique both in content and content.

The best exhibits of the Tretyakov Gallery

Perhaps what is worth talking about right away is the collection of ancient Russian painting. It is based on more than 50 icons collected from all over Russia and once kept in the Assumption Cathedral of the Kremlin. Works of spiritual art date back to the XII-XIII centuries. and present the best examples of icon painting. In the Tretyakov Gallery, the mosaic from the Mikhailovsky Golden-Domed Monastery in Kyiv, destroyed during the Soviet era, found its last refuge. And even if visitors have never heard of the Greek and Dionysius, Andrei Rublev's name should be familiar. His icons belong to world spiritual art.

Andrei Rublev. Painting "Holy Trinity".

Religious themes, however, are not limited to the collection of icons. A. Ivanov's painting with the plot of the appearance of Christ to the people became one of the most significant at the beginning of the 19th century. For two decades, the artist worked on a grandiose canvas in Italy, and today a separate room has been allocated for the work of art, so that viewers can fully experience the spirituality and quest of the author. Visitors can remember their emotions, and only carry away images in memory, since cameras are not allowed in the Tretyakov Gallery.

Ivanov, The Appearance of Christ to the People.

The gallery also has a truly unique painting - an image of Count Golovkin by the first professional Russian artist. Ivan Nikitin was the favorite of Peter I, who was the first to send young talents to study abroad. The reformer wanted Russian painters not to be inferior in skill to European ones. That is why I. Nikitin went to study in Europe and honed his artistic craft at the Florentine Academy.

The work of the first graduates of the Academy of Arts is also worth attention. To be convinced of the gift of portrait painters, you just need to look at the paintings of F. Rokotov and A. Losenko.

The most complete in the Tretyakov Gallery are the "heroes" of Russian painting I. Repin, V. Surikov and V. Vasnetsov. Pavel Tretyakov revered these masters especially, because in their works they conveyed the spirit of the country, the dramatic events of Russian history and the rich folklore of Russia. A whole scattering of masterpieces awaits visitors to the gallery.

Picture Three heroes. Viktor Vasnetsov.

But with the picture where Ivan the Terrible kills his son, a truly dramatic story is connected. In 1913, a vandal cut the canvas in such a way that the restorers had to draw faces almost in a new way. At that time, the keeper of the Gallery was E. M. Khruslov, who was so worried about the incident that he threw himself under a steam locomotive.

Painting Ivan the Terrible kills his son

P. M. Tretyakov was known for his love of landscapes, their truth and poetry of life. And especially for the patron, the best artists painted paintings that, although made to order, are not without soul. Among the best landscape painters in the Tretyakov Gallery are F. Vasiliev, A. Kuindzhi, A. Savrasov. Contemporaries called his work about the arriving rooks nothing less than "the soul of the Russian people." And, of course, the Gallery presents the “hero of the Russian forest” I. Shishkin. The romantic direction of Russian artists Serov, Vrubel and Levitan will not leave indifferent any visitor, and is known to almost everyone - at least according to the school curriculum.

Do not forget that the Tretyakov Gallery keeps the most complete collection of the avant-garde. Artists united in such societies as the "Jack of Diamonds" and "Donkey's Tail" laid the foundation for avant-garde art, and among other names of artists, K. Malevich stands apart. The principles of the so-called non-objective art were discovered precisely in Russian art. And the "Black Square" became its symbol. By the way, it is this example of Suprematism that remains one of the most discussed in the Tretyakov Gallery to this day. The surrealism of M. Chagall and V. Kandinsky, the cubism and futurism of the "Amazons" of the Russian avant-garde, the constructivism of V. Tatlin and A. Rodchenko - they can be used to trace the history of the formation of Russian painting and its currents.

The Tretyakov Gallery today is not just a museum, it is a real center for the study of art. The voice of experts and restorers of the Tretyakov Gallery is heeded all over the world. And they continue the traditions laid down by the founding father of the museum: the preservation, research and presentation of national art. After all, a Russian person has a gift not only to transfer what he sees to the canvas, but also to animate.

For the knowledge of the Russian soul, its breadth, power and spirituality, thousands of people of all nationalities and religions come to the Tretyakov Gallery. So, the efforts of Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov were not in vain.

The Tretyakov Gallery for more than a century of existence has managed to become legendary: every year people from all over the world come to see the exhibits stored here. The unique museum, which has collected picturesque masterpieces within its walls, tells a story not only about the development of art, but also about the difficult path of the Russian people, reflected in the paintings of famous Russian masters.

The Long and Glorious One officially began in 1856. The emergence of the now famous museum is associated with the name of Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, who at that time began to collect a collection of works by contemporary Russian artists.

About Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov

Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was born in 1832 into a wealthy family that belonged to a well-known merchant family. Like all offspring of wealthy families, Pavel received an excellent education. Over time, he began to help his father in commercial matters. After the death of both parents, Tretyakov took up the development of the family business: the factory business grew and brought more and more income.

However, Pavel Mikhailovich was always interested in the history of art. He thought about creating the first permanent exhibition of Russian painting long before the museum was founded. True, two years before the opening of the Tretyakov Gallery, the future philanthropist acquired paintings by Dutch masters, and only in 1856 was the start of his legendary Russian collection. The first canvases in it were the oil paintings "Temptation" by N. Schilder and "Clash with Finnish smugglers" by V. Khudyakov. Then the names of these artists were not yet known to the general public, and Pavel Mikhailovich began his collection of paintings precisely from their works.

For several decades, Tretyakov collected paintings by outstanding masters of painting, maintained friendly relations with many artists and helped those of them who needed it. A brief history of the birth of a great collection would not include the names of all those who were grateful to the patron.

house for pictures

The Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow is one of the world's leading museums. The main building is located in Lavrushinsky Lane, one of the oldest districts of the capital - Zamoskvorechye, new halls - on Krymsky Val.

The history of the building of the Tretyakov Gallery is a constant expansion of the area. Initially, the paintings were located directly in the collector's house. Then, a kind of passage was added to the merchant's mansion of the Tretyakovs, which surrounded the house from three sides. Since 1870, the exhibition has been open to the public. Over time, the understanding came that it was no longer possible to accommodate the entire pictorial collection in the available space, therefore, in 1875, the building of the Tretyakov Gallery was built by special order of Pavel Mikhailovich, constantly growing since then with the necessary space.

Meeting replenishment: milestones

As conceived by the creator, the Tretyakov Museum should include only the works of Russian artists and only those of their works that would convey the special essence of the true Russian soul.

In the summer of 1892 the collection was presented as a gift to Moscow. At that time, the collection consisted of 1,287 paintings and 518 graphic works by Russian artists. The exposition also included more than 80 works by European authors and a large collection of icons. Since then, at the expense of the city treasury, the gallery began to replenish with real masterpieces of world art. Thus, by the fateful year of 1917 for the history of Russia, the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery already consisted of 4,000 items. A year later, the gallery became state, and at the same time there was a nationalization of various private collections. In addition, the history of the art collection continued with the entry into the fund of works from small Moscow museums: the Tsvetkovskaya Gallery, the Rumyantsev Museum, the Museum of Icon Painting and Painting by I. S. Ostroukhov. That is why already in the early thirties of the last century the collection was more than five times increased. At the same time, the works of Western European masters are transferred to other collections.

Such is the history of the creation of the State Tretyakov Gallery, which stores canvases that can sing the originality of the Russian people.

Today and prospects

Now the Tretyakov Gallery is no longer just a museum exposition, but also a center for the study of art. The opinion of its employees and specialists is highly valued all over the world, experts and restorers are considered among the most professional in the contemporary art world. The unique local library is another asset of the Tretyakov Gallery: the book collection contains more than 200,000 specialized volumes on art.

The most significant exhibits are exhibited in the historic building. The exposition is divided into sections:

• ancient Russian art (XII-XVIII centuries);
• painting from the 17th century to the first half of the 19th;
• painting of the second half of the 19th and the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries;
• Russian graphics of the 13th - early 20th centuries;
• Russian sculpture of the 13th - early 20th centuries.

Today, the collection includes more than 170,000 works of Russian art, while the replenishment of expositions and storages continues. Artists, private donors, various organizations and heirs donate wonderful works, which means that the history of creating a unique collection of domestic masterpieces has not been completed.

Telephone +7 (499) 230-7788 Ticket 250 rubles

State Tretyakov Gallery, GTG(also known as Tretyakov gallery) is an art museum in founded by a merchant and having one of the largest collections of Russian fine art in the world. The exposition in the main building "Russian Painting of the 11th - early 20th centuries" ( , d. 10) is part of the All-Russian Museum Association "State Tretyakov Gallery", formed in .

Story

began to collect his collection of paintings in the mid-1850s. The year of foundation of the Tretyakov Gallery is considered to be 1856, when Pavel Tretyakov acquired two paintings by Russian artists: “The Temptation” by N. G. Schilder and “Clash with Finnish Smugglers” , although earlier in 1854-1855 he bought 11 graphic sheets and 9 paintings by old Dutch masters. AT for the general public in The Moscow City Gallery of Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov was opened. Her collection included 1276 paintings, 471 drawings and 10 sculptures by Russian artists, as well as 84 paintings by foreign masters.

In August Pavel Mikhailovich donated his art gallery to the city . By this time, the collection included 1287 paintings and 518 graphic works of the Russian school, 75 paintings and 8 drawings of the European school, 15 sculptures and a collection of icons. the official opening of the museum under the name "Moscow City Gallery of Pavel and Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov" took place.

The gallery was located in a house that the Tretyakov family bought back in . As the collection grew, new premises were gradually added to the residential part of the mansion, necessary for the storage and display of works of art. Similar extensions were made in 1873, 1882, 1885, 1892, and finally in 1902-1904, when the famous facade designed in— architect according to the artist's drawings . Architect supervised the construction .

The Tretyakov Gallery was declared "state property of the Russian Federative Soviet Republic" and was named the State Tretyakov Gallery. Re-appointed director of the museum who has held this post since . With his active participation in the same year, the State Museum Fund was created, which, up to remained one of the most important sources of replenishment of the museum's collection.

AT Academician of architecture became the director of the museum . The very next year, the Gallery received a neighboring house on Maly Tolmachevsky Lane (the former house of the merchant Sokolikov). After the restructuring in the administration of the Gallery, scientific departments, a library, a department of manuscripts, graphics funds were located here. Later, in 1985-1994, the administrative building was built on the project of the architect A. L. Bernshtein with 2 floors and was equal in height to the exposition halls.

In 1928, the gallery underwent a major overhaul of heating and ventilation, electricity has been provided.

In 1929, the Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi was closed, and in 1932 its building was transferred to the Gallery and became a repository of painting and sculpture. Later it was connected to the exhibition halls by a built two-story building, the upper floor of which was specially designed for exhibiting the painting. " "(1837-1857). A passage was also built between the halls located on both sides of the main staircase. This ensured a continuous overview of the exposition. The development of a new concept for the placement of exhibits began in the museum.

AT a new two-story building was opened on the north side of the main building - the so-called "Shchusevsky building". These halls were first used for exhibitions, and with were included in the main exhibition route.

From the first days The dismantling of the exposition began in the Gallery - like other museums in Moscow, it was preparing for evacuation. In the middle of summer a train of 17 wagons set off from Moscow and delivered the collection to. Only The gallery was reopened in Moscow.

AT , in honor of the 100th anniversary of the Tretyakov Gallery, the A. A. Ivanov Hall was completed.

AT - Tretyakov Gallery headed . Due to the increased number of visitors, he actively dealt with the issue of expanding the exposition area. Construction work began in 1983. AT A depository was put into operation - a repository of works of art and restoration workshops. AT reconstruction of the main building of the Tretyakov Gallery began (architects I. M. Vinogradsky, G. V. Astafiev, B. A. Klimov and others). AT a new building was built on the south side of the main building, which housed a conference room, an information and computing center, a children's studio and exhibition halls. The building was called the "Engineering Corps" because most of the engineering systems and services were concentrated in it.

From 1986 to The Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane was closed to visitors due to major reconstruction. The only exposition area of ​​the museum for this decade was the building at Krymsky Val, 10, which in 1985 was merged with the Tretyakov Gallery.

Members of the All-Russian Museum Association "State Tretyakov Gallery"

• Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane, 10,
• Museum-temple of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi,
• Tretyakov Gallery on Krymsky Val, 10,

In 1985 located on , 10, was merged with the Tretyakov Gallery into a single museum complex under the general name of the State Tretyakov Gallery. Now the building houses an updated permanent exhibition "Art of the 20th century".

Part of the Tretyakov Gallery is , representing a unique combination of a museum exposition and a functioning temple. The museum complex in Lavrushinsky Lane includes the Engineering Corps intended for temporary exhibitions and the Exhibition Hall in Tolmachi. The museum offers services .

Heads of the State Tretyakov Gallery

• (- present time)
• ( — )
• ( — )
• (1926—1929)
• (1913—1925)

Museum collection

By 1917, the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery consisted of about 4,000 works, by 1975 - 55,000 works. The Gallery's collection constantly grew due to systematic government purchases.

Currently, the collection includes Russian painting, graphics, sculpture, individual works of arts and crafts.- began.

Second half

Russian painting of the second half of the 19th century is especially well represented. The Tretyakov Gallery has the best collection of works( , , , , , , , , and etc.).

Art is multifaceted (including "We didn't expect",) and (including "", "", ""), sculptor.

Late XIX - early

The main artists represented in the collection:, , , , , , , masters ( ,

The Tretyakov Gallery has one of the world's largest collections of Russian fine art. The basis of the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery were works of Russian art from the collection of the Moscow industrialist Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov (1832-1898). The founding date of the museum is considered to be 1856, when Tretyakov acquired paintings by artists V.G. Khudyakova and N.G. Schilder. Almost from the very beginning of the formation of the collection, the patron's plans included transferring it to the city. In 1860, in his will, Pavel Mikhailovich said: “For me, who truly and ardently loves painting, there can be no better desire than to lay the foundation for a public, accessible repository of fine arts, bringing benefits to many, all pleasure.”

In the second half of the 1850s. Tretyakov bought the works of such masters as A.K. Savrasov, F.A. Bruni, K. A. Trutovsky. In the 1860s the collection was replenished with works by V.G. Perova, M.P. Klodt, K.D. Flavitsky and a number of other authors.

The museum was first opened to the general public in 1867. Then the collection included about 1200 paintings, 470 drawings and 10 sculptures by Russian masters, as well as 84 paintings by foreign artists. As a gift to the city of Moscow, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov officially donated the collection in 1892.

Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane

The opening of the museum took place on August 15, 1893. The first building where all the works included in the exposition were exhibited was a house in Lavrushinsky Lane, acquired by the Tretyakov family back in 1851. The expansion of the museum collections necessitated the addition of new premises and the "absorption" of neighboring buildings for gallery needs. In the process of reconstruction 1902-1904. the Tretyakov Gallery got an original facade based on sketches by V.M. Vasnetsov, which is still her "calling card". In 1918, the Tretyakov Gallery was declared state property, and during the very first years of Soviet Russia, the gallery's collection expanded significantly, mainly due to numerous receipts of art objects from nationalized private collections from all over the country. By the 100th anniversary of the Tretyakov Gallery, in 1956, more than 35,000 items were registered in the museum.

Now in the main ("historical") building of the Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane, a collection of Russian art from the period from the 11th to the beginning of the 20th century is collected. In addition to the works of the already mentioned masters of painting, here you can see the masterpieces of I.I. Shishkina, V.D. Polenova, I.E. Repin, I.I. Levitan, V.A. Serova, M.A. Vrubel and many other famous artists. A separate hall is dedicated to the legendary painting “The Appearance of Christ to the People” by A.A. Ivanova. There is also a rich collection of Russian icons of the XI-XVII centuries.

How to get to the museum: Art. Tretyakovskaya, Polyanka metro stations, 5-10 minutes walk to Lavrushinsky lane, 10. Opening hours: Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday: 10-00-18-00 -00); Thursday and Friday: 10-00-21-00 (ticket office and entrance to the gallery until 20-00). Monday is a day off. Ticket prices: adults - 360 rubles, schoolchildren and students - 220 rubles.

Tretyakov Gallery on Krymsky Val

The premises of the Tretyakov Gallery on Krymsky Val are reserved for a large-scale permanent exhibition "The Art of the 20th Century". Ticket prices are the same as the main building in Lavrushinsky per. Opening hours: from 10.00 to 19.30. There are also usually several large thematic exhibitions. A large multi-storey pavilion, oriented towards the embankment of the Moskva River, was built in the late 70s. 20th century Here are collected the works of several dozen famous Russian artists and sculptors of the XX century, including A.N. Benois, Z.E. Serebryakova, P.P. Konchalovsky, I.E. Grabar, A.A. Deineki, A.A. Plastova, M.S. Saryan, T.N. Yablonskaya and many others. Both fans of realistic painting (including socialist realism) and avant-garde lovers will find a lot of interesting things in this pavilion. In the halls of the museum you can see one of the variants of the famous "Black Square" by Malevich, a number of sculptural works by avant-garde masters, installations, photo and video reports about creative actions and happenings.

The same pavilion is also located, which has several dozen permanent galleries, regularly holding exhibitions, concerts and other events. On the territory next to the building there is the Muzeon park, famous for its collection of monuments of the Soviet era, incl. a monument to Dzerzhinsky, dismantled from the Lubyanka in 1991, monuments to I.V. Stalin, V.I. Lenin, Ya.M. Sverdlov, L.I. Brezhnev and other symbols of the Soviet era.

The gallery buildings on Krymsky Val and Lavrushinsky Lane are the largest and most popular divisions of the State Tretyakov Gallery association with the public. In addition to them, the Museum-Temple of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi, the Cultural Center in Tolmachi, the Engineering Building, the museum-workshop of A.S. Golubkina. The last three objects are currently under reconstruction and visitors are not accepted.