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screenwriter, playwright, novelist, essayist
Detective
Alexander Sergeevich Lavrov(b., g.) - Soviet and Russian screenwriter, playwright, writer and publicist. Together with his wife, he is known as one of the authors of the scripts for the series of the popular television series "".
Biography
Alexander Sergeevich Lavrov was born in Moscow. His father, Gorodetsky Sergey Sergeevich (1902-1978) was a doctor of technical sciences, a professor, a leading worker at the Scientific Research Institute of the Cable Industry.
Alexander Sergeevich Lavrov graduated in 1955 and worked in the investigating authorities until the early seventies.
Interest in literature appeared in Alexander Sergeevich back in student years. While studying at the institute, he regularly attended a literary seminar, where students wrote detective stories and essays. The same circle was attended simultaneously with Alexander Lavrov in the future famous writers and screenwriters and . Since the sixties, Lavrov, together with his wife, has been increasingly involved in literary and journalistic activity. The first works of the married couple were documentaries"Petrovka 38" and "Especially Dangerous" filmed about the activities of the police, as well as a series of journalistic works in the spirit of socialist education. The book "Youth Operative" tells about the importance of the work of squads for the protection of public order, the brochure "State of emergency - a parasite!" about the fight against, and the books “So that a crime is not committed”, “Comrade child”, “Education of feelings” and “You, your child and the world around” were addressed to parents to help raise children. In 1965, the first fiction collection of short stories "Soldiers in Blue Overcoats" was published. In the matrimonial tandem, Alexander Sergeevich played the role of a generator of detective ideas, often associated with real criminal cases from practice, and Olga Alexandrovna, who graduated from the editorial department, literally designed the planned plots.
The series "The investigation is conducted by ZnatoKi"
By the beginning of the seventies, Alexander Sergeevich was a senior investigator, but he was already thinking about a complete career change from police to literary. Just at that time, as part of the program to “humanize” the image of the Soviet policeman, initiated by the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the idea arose to create a long series about policemen. The successful staging of the TV play "Soldiers in Blue Overcoats" in 1969 by director Yevgeny Anufriev based on the stories of the Lavrovs from the collection of the same name drew attention to the works of the four writers, and they received an order to develop such a series. By the end of 1970, the Lavrovs submitted the scripts for the first four episodes: "The Black Broker", "Tell, Tell, Tramp", "Natural Decline" and " magic patterns”, which later the editors and directors redrawn into five separate TV shows. So the story "The Black Broker" was divided into the first series, and actually the third series, the story "Tell me, tell me, tramp" became the second series "", the story "Natural decline" turned into the fourth series, and the story "Magic Patterns" into the fifth - .
The Lavrovs were directly involved in the creation of the series, expressed opinions on the selection of actors. For example, it was Alexander Sergeevich who insisted that the role of Zinaida Yanovna Kibrit be given. In 1971, when the first series of the cycle "" came out, Alexander Sergeevich resigned from the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In addition to the regular release of new episodes of the TV show on the Soviet screen, TV plays were published in the press. The first collection of six original cases appeared in 1974, the second of the next four in 1976. In 1975, from the tenth case, the series turned from a black-and-white performance into color, and in 1978, from case No. 13, “Until the Third Shot” became a TV movie, and was estimated to be at the peak of its popularity among the Soviet television audience. The screenplay of the three-part case No. 10, “Retaliation,” won the first prize at the All-Union Competition of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Union of Writers of the USSR, and the script of case No. 16 “From the Life of Fruits” won the second prize at this competition. Active work on the next series of Connoisseurs continued until 1982, when the Minister of the Interior was himself convicted of embezzling socialist property, and all his projects, including Connoisseurs, suffered greatly. Filming of the series resumed only 3 years later, in 1985, and in the same year the third issue of screenplays was published. After the filming of case No. 22, "", in connection with the collapse of the USSR and cardinal reshuffles on television, the filming of new episodes was stopped.
The success of the series among the consultants of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and wide audience contributed to the legal career of Alexander Lavrov. On the one hand, his close ties with the apparatus of the Ministry of Internal Affairs gave him access to the criminal chronicle, which was not published openly in the USSR, and real cases formed the basis of several Znatokov cases. For example, the fake of Faberge products, appearing in case No. 14 "", was based on a real criminal case against, known in the criminal environment under the nickname "Misha the Millionaire". It is no coincidence that Emilia Kashirnikova, who worked for many years with the Lavrovs on television, noted that “The Lavrovs had a good command of the material - often genuine criminal cases were at the heart of this or that performance, they had amazing foresight, problems were always raised in their works, in solving which the internal affairs bodies were interested in: the adoption of new decisions, resolutions. They felt the burning theme and developed the next script with it in mind. . On the other hand, the Lavrovs initially, long before the creation of the Connoisseurs, were concerned about the topic of preventing crimes at an early stage, in childhood and adolescence, which was reflected in their early journalistic works, namely, this direction was combined with social task series formulated by . As Emilia Kashirnikova notes, "Alexander and Olga Lavrov were well known for their articles, books, scripts for documentaries on legal education, crime prevention and combating it." .
After the collapse of the USSR
In 1995, Alexander Sergeevich, dissatisfied with the fact that he did not receive any royalties from numerous shows in Russia, initiated numerous copyright lawsuits lasting over 10 years. After he did not satisfy his claim, Alexander Sergeevich turned to, where his case was registered in 2007, but the merits have not yet been considered.
In 2002, on Channel One, an attempt was made to revive a television series called “The ZnatoKs are investigating. Ten years later", and according to the scripts of Olga and Alexander Lavrov, two more episodes were filmed, and in 2003.
Compositions
All works co-authored withPublicism
- 1961 - "Youth operative", "PE - parasite!"
- 1962 - “So that a crime is not committed”, “It happens”, “Comrade child”
- 1963 - "Give it to the paw!"
- 1964 - "Wanted"
- 1967 - "Education of the senses"
- 1970 - "You, your child and the world around"
- 1983 - "Chronicle of a criminal case"
Prose
Dramaturgy
- 1985 - " Bermuda Triangle”, Operetta in two acts.
Literature:
Bogdanov A.P.
In the shadow of Great Peter. M., 1998.
Lavrov A.S.
Regency of Princess Sophia Alekseevna. M., 1999.
Princess Sophia. 1657–1704 SPb., 2001.
18/4. Ekaterina Alekseevna (November 26, 1658, Moscow - May 1, 1718, in the same place, was buried in the Smolensky Cathedral of the Moscow Novodevichy Convent).
According to legend, before the birth of his daughter, Alexei Mikhailovich dreamed of the image of the Great Martyr Catherine, which is why the princess was named by that name. On the site of the vision, 25 versts from Moscow, outside the village of Tsaritsyn, on the occasion of the birth of Ekaterina Alekseevna, the Catherine's Men's Hermitage was founded. During the "Khovanshchina" in 1682, the son of the archery chief, Prince Andrei Ivanovich Khovansky, was accused of allegedly intending to seize the throne by marrying Catherine. In the confrontation between Sophia and Peter, Catherine was soul for her sister, but she did not take any real part in this struggle. Nevertheless, after the suppression of the Streltsy revolt of 1698, she had to spend some time in custody in the Novodevichy Convent. Then the princess was released, and Peter maintained good relations with her. Together with Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, Catherine even baptized Martha Skavronskaya, the future Catherine I, who received her name in honor of her godmother, into Orthodoxy. In Moscow, the princess lived without a break in her house on Devichye Pole and never even wanted to come and look at the new capital - Petersburg. She died in the midst of an investigation into the case of Tsarevich Alexei, very much afraid that her connection with the Kostroma priest Yegor Eliseev, whom she hosted and generously presented, would be revealed. The Moscow life of the princesses Catherine and Maria Alekseev is described with great humor by A.N. Tolstoy in one of the chapters of his novel "Peter the Great".
19/4. Maria Alekseevna (01/18/1660, Moscow - 03/09/1723, St. Petersburg, buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg).
Princess Maria Alekseevna, like some of her sisters, also survived disgrace and imprisonment. Her fault was in good relations not only with Sophia, but also with Peter's first wife, Evdokia Lopukhina and Tsarevich Alexei. The prince repeatedly passed letters through his aunt to his mother, already tonsured to the monastery, and before his escape abroad, he also sent money. During this flight, on the way from Riga to Libava, Alexei met Maria Alekseevna, who was returning from Carlsbad after treatment, and a conversation took place between them. The aunt demanded that he write a letter to his mother and, seeing the prince’s hesitation, said: “If only you could suffer, after all, for your mother, no one else.” This turned out to be quite enough to involve Maria in the investigation into the case of Alexei. In 1718, she was arrested and imprisoned in the Shlisselburg fortress, and then transferred to house arrest. She was released only in 1721. Princess Maria Alekseevna outlived all her sisters and died last in 1723. Many priests and holy fools crowded into the chambers of the dying woman. When Peter came, seeing this, he ordered them all to be driven out. Since then, many of the old Moscow customs that accompanied seeing off to the other world, in royal family gone forever into the past.
Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich
(05.30. 1661, Moscow - 04.27.1682, in the same place, was buried in the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin). Tsar since 1676, crowned king on June 18, 1676 in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin.
07/18/1680, Moscow - Agafya Semyonovna Grushetskaya (d. 07/14/1681, Moscow, buried in the Ascension Cathedral of the Ascension Monastery of the Moscow Kremlin, in 1929 the remains were transferred to the basement chamber of the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin), daughter of the Governor Semyon Fedorovich Grushetsky and Zaborovskaya;
02/15/1682, Moscow - Marfa Matveevna Apraksina (1664, Moscow - 12/31/1715, St. Petersburg, buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg), daughter of the solicitor Matvey Vasilyevich Apraksin (killed in 1668) and Domna Bogdanovna N, nee Lovchikova.
In history, Tsar Fedor was "unlucky." He died before a month before the age of 21, and stayed on the Moscow throne for only 6 years. His reign fell on the time between two great reigns: father Alexei Mikhailovich and younger brother Peter, whose personalities eclipsed Fedor. Therefore, historians considered his time or as a continuation of politics The quietest Alexei, or as a prelude to the reign of the great Peter. Meanwhile, Fedor Alekseevich was an outstanding personality and left a significant mark in history, if not bright, but still significant.
In 1674 he was solemnly "announced" to the people as heir to the throne. The prince received an excellent education. His teacher was Simeon Polotsky, who managed to instill in Fedor a love for versification, teaching him philosophy and rhetoric, Polish and Latin. The prince also studied church singing, it is known that, already being king, he repeatedly sang on the kliros during the service. Passion for poetry resulted in the composition of several psalms included in the "Psalter" of Simeon. Fedor set some prayers to music, and we can still hear his works. But most importantly, Simeon Polotsky introduced Fedor to Western culture and inspired him with the idea of the special role of the king as the guardian of truth and law, the zealot of faith and truth, the ruler in the name of the “common good”. In other words, the prince was deliberately prepared to govern the state.
Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich. Posthumous parsuna of the king by B. Saltanov. 1686
Unfortunately, Fedor was not distinguished by good health. As a child, apparently, this was not particularly manifested. The boy often accompanied his father on long trips on a pilgrimage, went hunting with him. But when Fedor was in his thirteenth year, misfortune happened. The prince was very fond of horses, this passion remained with him until the end of his life. And then one day he wanted to take a walk in a sleigh outside the city with his aunts and sisters. Fyodor sat on the horse, and the princesses in the sleigh, but suddenly the horse reared up and threw off the rider. The prince fell under the sledge, the horse rushed forward, and "then the sleigh drove with all its weight along the back of Fedor lying on the ground and crushed his chest." In addition, it is known that Fedor, like his father and brother Ivan, suffered from scurvy. At times he could hardly walk, only leaning on a stick. He was ill when he was informed of the death of Alexei Mikhailovich. The boyars carried Fyodor in their arms. Big hall and put on the throne. Sitting on a stretcher, he accompanied the funeral procession. Thus began his reign.
The accession to the throne of 14-year-old Fedor immediately highlighted his maternal relatives - the Miloslavsky family. The cousin of the tsar, I.M. Miloslavsky. Almost all the boyars went to meet him outside of Moscow. The closest associates of the ambitious courtier were princes Yu.A. Dolgorukov and Ya.N. Odoevsky, B.I. Khitrovo. All of them headed the most important orders, and simultaneously controlled several institutions at once, concentrating in their hands both great power and great wealth. At the same time, supporters of the Naryshkins, relatives of the second wife of Alexei Mikhailovich, fell into disgrace. Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna with her children was removed from the court, her brothers went into exile, and after a while the closest associate of the late Tsar A.S. was deprived of the boyars and exiled. Matveev. Having eliminated opponents, Miloslavsky hoped to easily manage the young tsar. Thus began a long-term enmity between the two noble clans. But in 1680, Fedor left the tutelage of the Miloslavskys, and his comrades-in-arms turned out to be next to him, most of them coming from humble families: I.M. Yazykov, brothers A.T. and M.T. Likhachev, Prince V.V. Golitsyn (the future favorite of Princess Sophia), a student of Simeon Polotsky Sylvester Medvedev.
Destruction of locality. Burning of class books under Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich in 1682. Drawing by A.I. Charlemagne. 1880s