The novel by I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" to this day causes controversy in terms of the actions of the protagonist. Someone evaluates Oblomov on the good side because of his gentleness, good nature, while others, on the contrary, consider Ilya Ilyich a lazy person, a person full of hopes and dreams. As soon as it comes to action, Oblomov begins to look for external reasons why he cannot translate his plans into reality.

At the beginning of the work, Oblomov appears to us as a person who does not seek to change his life. For days on end he lies on his couch and embarks on a world of dreams, where everything is at rest: no one is in a hurry, everyone lives for their own pleasure, and life itself stretches measuredly. One could ponder for a long time why Oblomov became like this, but the author himself gives us the answer.

Oblomov has a dream in which he sees his childhood. It is this dream that helps to understand the origins of laziness, inactivity of Ilya Ilyich. From a very young age, Oblomov was followed by his entire family. He couldn't just go for a walk or get dressed. Everything was done for him by servants or parents. As for studies, his parents often did not let him study, referring to the fact that today is a holiday or imagined that Ilya was sick. Even at the age of fourteen, Oblomov does not dress himself. All the work is done by Zakhar, with whom he then lives his whole life. In my opinion, the reason for Oblomov's inactivity, laziness, aimlessness is education. If you study Oblomov's childhood, it becomes clear that he did nothing, and it became his habit. In contrast, you can put Stolz, who was brought up strictly. And it was this method of education that helped Stoltz establish himself in the world, reach heights in his career and restore Oblomov's plundered estate. Only for a moment, Oblomov is lit up with a desire to change everything. The reason for this desire was Olga, from whom Ilya was crazy. He sketched out a wonderful plan for his future life, but again did not fulfill it. And in the relationship, he found external causes. So, Oblomov did not go on a date with Olga because of the flood of the Neva. The bridges were raised, and Ilya decided to stay at home. After parting with Olga Ilinskaya, Oblomov remains to live out his life with Pshenitsina. There Oblomov dies spiritually. He again takes a place on the couch and lies on it around the clock. He no longer thinks about anything, tries to forget the past, and also mistakenly transfers all the proceeds from the village to Agafya Matveevna's brother. There he had an apoplexy. The doctor advised Ilya to lead an active lifestyle and eat right. Oblomov obeys the hostess and follows the advice of the doctor. On the day he begins to walk two miles, but the hour of his death was getting closer and closer. The second blow was fatal, and Ilya died.

In my opinion, parents played a major role in Oblomov becoming such a lazy person. It was upbringing that turned Ilya into an aimless and inactive person. Children are copies of their parents. What parents, such and children. What do we see in Oblomov? His father sat all day at the window and only occasionally asked passers-by about their affairs. Mother always drank tea with her friends. So did Ilya Ilyich. Only great shocks could bring Ilya Ilyich out of hibernation.

In each of us there is a “piece of Oblomov”, but not everyone wants to admit it.

Roman I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" was published in 1859 in the journal "Domestic Notes". The writer worked on the novel during a period of revival of public life associated with preparations for the reform to abolish serfdom in Russia. In his work, Goncharov criticizes the foundations of serfdom and reveals the theme of spiritual impoverishment and degradation of the local nobility.

In the center of the novel "Oblomov" is a complex and contradictory image of the landowner Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. His character and thinking was influenced by the environment in which he was brought up.

And he lived his childhood.

From an early age, the hero was instilled with traits that later became known as "Oblomovism". Little Ilyusha grew up as a darling, completely unsuited to independent living. He is used to having everything done for him, and his lot is "idleness and peace." In Ilyusha, any attempts at activity were consistently suppressed. The immobility of life, drowsiness, a secluded way of life is not only a sign of the existence of a hero, but also the essence of life in Oblomovka, which is separated from the whole world: “Neither strong passions, nor courageous enterprises worried the Oblomovites.” Inactivity and lack of life goals - this is what characterizes the life of Oblomovka.

However, the character of Ilyusha is formed not only by the nobility. Life in Oblomovka is full and harmonious in its own way: it is Russian nature, mother's love and caress, Russian hospitality, colors of holidays. These childhood impressions are an ideal for Oblomov, from the height of which he judges life. Therefore, the hero does not accept the "Petersburg life": he is not attracted by either his career or the desire to get rich.

Until the age of fifteen, Ilya studied very reluctantly in a boarding school. Studying sciences and reading books tired him. After the boarding school, he "followed the course of science to the end" in Moscow. Oblomov came to St. Petersburg with the aim of succeeding in public service and arranging family life. Ilya Ilyich served somehow for two years and left the service. For him, it was an unnecessary and meaningless burden.

Having abandoned the service, fencing himself off from society, Oblomov indulged in dreams. Now "almost nothing drew him out of the house, and every day he settled more firmly and more permanently in his apartment." Spiritual needs gradually died in Oblomov, humane impulses became fruitless, sound judgments turned into a sleepy mumbling. The hero gradually sank into complete mental passivity and apathy. Goncharov writes: "Oblomov ... could not comprehend his life and therefore was burdened and bored from everything that he had to do."

He decided that it was better to remain an "Oblomovite", but to preserve humanity and kindness of heart in himself, than to be a vain careerist, callous and heartless. About Petersburg life, Ilya Ilyich says: “All the time running around in starts, the eternal game of trashy passions, especially greed, interrupting each other's way, gossip, gossip, clicks to each other, this is looking from head to toe; If you listen to what they are talking about, your head will spin, you will become stupefied.

Thus, Oblomov was a kind, meek, intelligent person who received a good education. In his youth, he was full of progressive ideas and a desire to serve Russia. His childhood friend Andrey Stolts characterizes Oblomov in this way: "This is a crystal, transparent soul." However, the positive character traits of Ilya Ilyich are supplanted by such qualities as lack of will and laziness. Life with its worries and worries, constant work frightens the hero, and he wants to sit out in a quiet apartment.

In an apartment on Gorokhovaya Street, Oblomov lies on the couch, not only because, as a gentleman, he can do nothing, but also because he does not want to live to the detriment of his moral dignity. The hero rejoices that he "does not loom, but lies right here, maintaining his human dignity and his peace!"

Oblomov's laziness and his inactivity are caused by his negative attitude towards life and the interests of people contemporary to the hero. This is the tragedy of Oblomov's life. Sometimes Ilya Ilyich wants to discard "Oblomov" habits. He rushes to the cause, but these desires are quickly extinguished. And before us again, yawning from boredom and lying on the couch couch potato. Apathy and laziness extinguish all his noble impulses.

Thus, Goncharov depicts the struggle of good inclinations in Oblomov with lordly habits and laziness. The hero does not seek to change his life. He values ​​peace most of all, not having the strength and desire to fight. He retreats before life's problems and difficulties.

However, Ilya Ilyich is ashamed of his own nobility, as a person towering over him. He is tormented by the question: “Why am I like this?” When Stolz tries to awaken in Oblomov the desire to live and work, reproaching him for paralysis of mind and will, Ilya Ilyich admits: “I know everything, I understand everything, but there is no willpower.” The hero lives according to the principle: “It would be nice if it would somehow become imperceptible by itself.”

Love for Olga Ilyinskaya temporarily transforms Oblomov. Here is how the hero is described in a state of love: “The foggy, sleepy face instantly changed, the eyes opened, the colors played on the cheeks; thoughts moved, desire and will sparkled in the eyes. But the fear of losing peace makes Oblomov give up his love for Olga. "Oblomovism" turns out to be even stronger than love. This is the real tragedy!

In the future, Ilya Ilyich finds his "ideal" in the heartfelt love of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna, who does not demand anything from him, indulging him in everything. In her house, "he was now surrounded by such simple, kind, loving faces who agreed to support his life with their existence, to help him not to notice, not to feel it." Disappeared world of childhood, Oblomovka reappears. Food and rest - these are all Ilya Ilyich's occupations.

The dignity of Oblomov lies in the fact that he himself condemned himself and was aware of the inevitable spiritual death. Olga in anguish asks him: “What ruined you, Ilya? There is no name for this hell ... "Ilya Ilyich answered her:" There is - Oblomovism! Oblomov suffers from the fact that he does not see a goal in life and does not find an application for his strength.

The writer showed Oblomov's path to the realization of his worthlessness, insolvency, and, ultimately, to the disintegration of his personality. Destruction of the essence of human nature.

So, the hero of the novel was killed by "Oblomovism". This phenomenon is not an individual feature of Oblomov, but, in the words of Dobrolyubov, "it serves as a key to unraveling many phenomena of Russian life." The critic concludes: "A significant part of Oblomov sits in each of us, and it is too early to write a funeral word for us."

I. A. Goncharov is the most talented writer of the 19th century, who, first of all, is an artist who knows how to express in his works the fullness of the phenomena of life. This unsurpassed master of the word entered literature in the middle of the 19th century, when great changes took place in the existing way of life in Russia: the patriarchal way of life with its nobility, which brought science and enlightenment to light, was replaced by a bourgeois one, which at that time began to flourish. The writer regarded these changes with great suspicion and incredulity. And not without reason: after all, he was deeply agitated by the moral losses of patriarchal Russia. This theme - the conflict between old and new Russia - was later laid by Goncharov at the basis of all three of his novels: "An Ordinary Story", "Cliff" and "Oblomov".

The novel "Oblomov" - the central place in Goncharov's novel trilogy - was published in the first four issues of the journal "Domestic Notes" for 1859. The new work, long awaited by the public, by the author of "Ordinary History" was almost unanimously recognized as an outstanding artistic phenomenon. "Oblomov" is not an accidental success, not with a bang, but a healthy, capital and timeless success in a real audience, ”wrote L. N. Tolstoy.

The real prototype of the protagonist of the novel, Oblomov, was Goncharov himself, and therefore, in the character of Ilya Ilyich, the writer skillfully expressed his commitment to the old way of life. Ilya Ilyich is a very peculiar person by nature.
Reading the first part of the novel, we learn that he was "32 - 33 years old, of medium height, pleasant appearance." I was struck by the absence of a definite idea, any concentration in his face. “The thought walked like a free bird across the face, fluttered in
eyes ... then it completely disappeared, and then an even light of carelessness flickered all over her face. Oblomov was lazy, and his normal state was lying down. In his youth, he still aspired to something, “and if it cannot be said that he was alive, then,
at least livelier than now. “However ... it would be interesting to know ... why am I ... like this,” Oblomov asks himself.

A clear and exhaustive answer to this question is given by the picture of childhood, which Goncharov conveys to us through Oblomov's Dream. The upbringing and atmosphere in which little Oblomov grew up played a huge role in shaping his character and worldview. In “Dream…” little Ilya “timidly presses close to the nanny, and she whispers to him about some unknown side, where… everyone performs miracles, where rivers of honey and milk flow, where no one does anything all year round.” It was in Oblomovka, in the distant childhood, that an important and in many ways defining feature of his character developed - poetic daydreaming. But at the same time, here in Oblomov they brought up such qualities as laziness, lordship, contempt for serf servants and ruined a lively mind, truthfulness, meekness and humanity towards the lower ones. Thus, Oblomov's entourage contributed to laying the foundation for "Oblomovism" - an idle and vicious lordly lifestyle. And it seems to me that in the depths of his soul, Goncharov is already inclined to condemn the regularity and laziness of the old life, a way of life to which he is nostalgically faithful, but does not want and cannot
accept new changes.

It is difficult to underestimate the skill of Goncharov in creating the name and surname of his hero. The surname "Oblomov" means that the hero is broken by life, gives in to its difficulties and problems. The name "Il

The main character of the novel by I. A. Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person who is able to experience a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to step over himself - get up from the couch, do some activity and even ...

In the light of the diametrically opposed interpretations of Oblomov and Oblomovism, let's take a closer look at the text of the very complex and multilayered content of Goncharov's novel, in which the phenomena of life "revolve from all sides." The first part of the novel...

"Goncharov gave us the immortal image of Oblomov!" - says I.F. Annensky. And it is difficult to disagree with this, since more than one hundred and fifty years have passed since the publication of the first fragment of the novel Oblomov, and interest in the work does not disappear. Telling...

I.A. Goncharov worked on the novel "Oblomov" for ten years. In this novel, the author expressed his beliefs and hopes, displayed the problems that worried him, revealed the causes of these problems. Therefore, the image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Ivanovich Stolz ...

To understand Goncharov's novel, it is necessary first of all to answer the question of what is the tragedy of Oblomov's life. That is why this topic is often chosen for school essays. We will talk about how to complete the task correctly and not miss anything important in this article.

"What is the tragedy of Oblomov's life?": plan

Traditionally, any essay is written according to the scheme: introduction, body and conclusion. To make things easier, these parts are sometimes divided into paragraphs and given names. Let's try to plan our work:

• Introduction - a brief description of the hero and the designation of problems.
• The hero's dreams, his view of the world.
• Childhood, life in Oblomovka.
• Comparison of Oblomov with Stolz.
• Conclusions.

Now let's describe each part in detail.

Introduction

So, what is the tragedy of Oblomov's life? The essay can begin with the fact that Ilya Ilyich is the main character of the novel. He is a complex and controversial character, but at first glance this is not noticeable. The reader is presented with a lazy landowner who has been living in one place for many years and abandoned his family estate. Oblomov is still young - he is a little over 30, but he is apathetic, lazy and spoiled. Favorite pastime - lie on the couch and think about something.

On the other hand, he is kind, affectionate, gentle, ingenuous and trusting. He is not stupid, but he cannot achieve anything in life. What prevents him from realizing himself? The answer to this question lies in his childhood.

Beautiful Oblomovka

Let's try to understand what the tragedy of Oblomov's life is. Those features that prevented Ilya Ilyich from doing something significant were instilled in childhood. He grew up surrounded by the care of nannies, no one prepared him for real life. Ilyusha quickly got used to the fact that others do everything for him, and he must live in peace and idleness. If the barich had a desire to do something, he was immediately calmed down and sent to sleep or eat.

The life of Oblomovka was motionless and closed, there were no goals for its inhabitants. On the other hand, it is also an example of a harmonious existence, there is nature, mother's love, Russian hospitality, and traditional holidays. For Oblomov, this world is ideal, he looks at life from the point of view of a resident of Oblomovka. That is why the “Petersburg desires” to get rich and make a career do not attract him.

Separation from the estate where he grew up was a real tragedy for little Ilya. He did not like studying at the boarding school, and it was no better in Moscow. When he went to St. Petersburg and entered the service, he left it two years later, because he did not want to achieve anything, he did not see the point in it.

Dreamer

Now in the essay “What is the tragedy of Oblomov’s life?” you can go on to describe his life in St. Petersburg. This is the time when Ilya Ilyich fenced himself off from society and indulged in dreams. Nothing could make him leave the house. Gradually, apathy destroyed in him all spiritual needs, humane impulses and desires. Only sleepy mumbling remained. Physical passivity develops into mental.

What stopped Oblomov and prevented him from achieving success? The answer is pretty simple. Ilya Ilyich did not want to lose his humanity, kindness and gentleness. And they would have had to be sacrificed in order to achieve success in St. Petersburg. Only a heartless and callous person who thinks only of himself could make a career here. The running around and the "cheesy passions" of the local society aroused disgust and contempt in him, he could not step over himself.

Ilya Ilyich received a very good education and in his younger years was carried away by progressive ideas, he wanted to serve his country. But all his positive aspirations and qualities were replaced by laziness and lack of will. The unrest, difficulties and worries of life frighten the hero, so he hides from them in his apartment. Even love could not bring him out of his stupor.

Oblomov lies on the couch not only because the master can afford it, but also because this is the only way he can preserve his humanity and live in peace.

Stolz and Oblomov

We practically understood what the tragedy of Oblomov's life is. It is his inability to act. But in the novel there is another person who is the complete opposite of the hero - Stolz, his childhood friend. He is constantly busy with something, active, purposeful, successful in the world. These characters are often compared to show their character traits more clearly.

It is Stolz who manages to force Ilya Ilyich to act, bring him out into the light, introduce him to friends and Ilyinskaya Olga Sergeevna. For some time, Oblomov literally comes to life, he is passionate about new acquaintances and even falls in love. It seems that Stolz is about to change the fate of a friend, but everything turns out to be in vain. The attempt leads nowhere. He is not able to fix anything and give a friend a new life.

As soon as Oblomov is left to himself, he again hides from the whole world. Even feelings for Ilyinskaya, who reciprocated, did not make him get up from the couch and change something.

After that, Oblomov's life begins to gradually fade, he moves less and less. And eventually dies of a stroke at a fairly young age. His life seems useless and aimless. He didn't leave anything behind.

"What is the tragedy of Oblomov's life?": quotes

In the text of the work there are phrases indicating the reason for the tragic fate of the protagonist. Some of them can be inserted into the essay. We present them here:

• "Carefree Sloth"
• “I couldn’t comprehend my life, so I was bored and weary of everything I had to do.”
• Oblomov's words about Petersburg life: “... running around, the eternal play of passions, especially greed, gossip, gossip, interrupting each other's roads, ... looking from head to toe; If you listen to what they are talking about, your head will spin, you will go crazy.
• “This is a transparent, crystal soul” (Stolz about Oblomov).
• “He lies right here, does not loom, preserving his peace and his human dignity” (the author about the hero’s life in St. Petersburg).

Summing up

Now we can say with confidence what kind of person Oblomov was. The essay can be ended with a small conclusion that the main character is the personification of a typical Russian person. He is not stupid, full of virtue, selfless, his spiritual world is rich, his heart is full of noble aspirations - to help his loved ones, his country, to change everything for the better. But laziness and weakness of character interfere with these impulses and aspirations. It was these two features that gave Oblomov's life a tragedy, and they were "nurtured" even in childhood. It is in this that Goncharov sees the reason that Russia is lagging behind Europe - let's not forget that Stolz is German by origin.

We hope that now you understand what the tragedy of Oblomov's life is. Briefly, you can explain it this way: the lack of ability to deal with any, even the most insignificant, obstacles. And the blame here lies entirely with the upbringing of little Ilyusha. It was Oblomovka who deprived him of his will.

In the novel "Oblomov" Goncharov depicted the tragic life story of the protagonist - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, who lived his whole life in dreams, never managed to overcome himself and go beyond his own illusions. Ilya Ilyich evokes mixed emotions in the reader - on the one hand, his fate was clear almost from the first chapters of the novel - the hero was too far from the real world, and his laziness and apathy irritate rather than attract, on the other hand, the reader is somehow then this image is close, having absorbed all the signs of a petty-bourgeois and truly Russian mentality. To understand what the tragedy of Oblomov's life is, and why the hero remains interesting to modern readers, a detailed consideration of the image of Ilya Ilyich as a character-bearer of the traits of "Oblomovism" is required.

The origins of "Oblomovism"

Goncharov for the first time in Russian literature introduces such a socio-philosophical concept as "Oblomovism". In socio-historical terms, the phenomenon manifests itself as a character's commitment to old, obsolete values, a petty-bourgeois way of life, unwillingness to work and move forward while others decide the fate of the world for you.

In the philosophical aspect, "Oblomovism" is a deeper and more capacious concept. She is the embodiment of all Russian culture and history, the Russian mentality - it is not surprising that Oblomovka in the mind of Ilya Ilyich is associated with rituals, fairy tales and traditions, that is, with the age-old wisdom of ancestors, not so much material as spiritual heritage.

The central character of Russian fairy tales is Ivan the Fool - the character is allegedly not stupid and not lazy, but people perceive it as such, as he constantly lies on the stove and waits for a miracle that will find him and capture him in the maelstrom of events. Oblomov is a projection of Ivan the Fool from a fairy tale story into the world of the 19th century. Like a fairy-tale image, Ilya Ilyich is an extra character, however, unlike Ivan, a miracle does not appear to Oblomov, because he lives in a real, not a fictional world. That is why “Oblomovism” is not only an excessive cherishing of obsolete and irrelevant values ​​in oneself and living life in a different, past tense, when the past is many times more important than the present, but also the replacement of reality with illusions, escapism leading to degradation and stagnation of the personality, which is what is Oblomov's inner tragedy.

Oblomov and society

For Oblomov, society and the people around him act like a decoration in his half-sleep-half-existence. This is clearly seen in the first part of the work, when Volkov, Sudbinsky and Penkin come to Oblomov in turn - Ilya Ilyich is actually not very interested in their life, he is even too lazy to get out of bed to greet the guests. Even more “important” for Oblomov, Alekseev and Tarantiev, in fact, also mean little to Oblomov - the first acts as a background for his thoughts and allows him to speak out, the second is needed by Oblomov as such a second Zakhar, but more active and ready to act, even despite the fact that Tarantiev deceives Oblomov in every possible way.

Such an attitude towards people was apparently formed on the basis of the first failure - Oblomov's service, where it was difficult, hard, not interesting for him. Ilya Ilyich thought that a “second family” was waiting for him at work, similar to the Oblomov family, however, when it turned out that it was every man for himself, the hero was completely disappointed in this area of ​​\u200b\u200blife. The social tragedy of Oblomov lies in his infantilism, inability to live a real life and adapt to circumstances - the slightest failure or obstacle becomes a disaster for Ilya Ilyich and leads to the departure of the hero from true existence to an illusory existence.

Oblomov and love

The same escapism can be traced in the question of Oblomov's love - their separation was destined even at the moment of their meeting. Olga, who fell in love not so much with the real Ilya Ilyich, but rather with the image inspired by Stolz, cherished precisely this idea of ​​\u200b\u200bOblomov as a kind, gentle, sensitive person, while not taking into account his excessive immersion in his inner world, where he is ready to let him in somebody else.

Oblomov's love was also rather poetic love, the most important thing in which was the unattainability of happiness, which he dreamed about - that is why Ilya Ilyich unconsciously pushed back the recognition of his relationship to Aunt Olga and the date of the wedding - if the marriage happened, his dream would become a reality. The tragedy of Oblomov's life is that for Ilya Ilyich the meaning of existence was precisely dreams, and not their achievement - such a realization of the desired would lead to a catastrophe, the hero's internal devastation, his loss of the purpose and essence of life.

At the moment of Oblomov's next postponement of the day of marriage, Olga realized that it was not so much real love and family that was important for a man, but longing for a beautiful and unattainable lady of the heart, distant and inaccessible. For a girl who represents practical views of the world, this is not acceptable, so she is the first to initiate a breakup with Oblomov.

conclusions

Oblomov is a composite character depicting a person who lives completely in the past, who does not want and cannot adapt to new circumstances. As Dobrolyubov spoke about Goncharov’s novel, the author “buried” Oblomovism early, moreover, it remains a tendentious manifestation of society even in our time, representing people who are searching, trying to know their place in the world, but apathetic, quickly disappointed in their own lives and leaving into the world of illusions. The tragedy of Oblomov is the tragedy of unrealized human potential, the gradual and complete withering away of a thinking, but inert personality.

A description of the elements of the tragedy in Oblomov's life and the disclosure of the causes of these problems will be useful for students of grade 10 to study when preparing an essay on the topic "What is the tragedy of Oblomov's life."

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