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The image of Alexander Chatsky successfully combined the features of a Byronic hero and an extra person. He is the herald of new orders, a man ahead of his time. That is why his personality is clearly contrasted in the comedy with all other characters, and he is, in fact, lonely and misunderstood by his society.

Family, childhood and youth of the hero

Alexander Andreevich Chatsky is a hereditary nobleman, an aristocrat by birth. He was born in Moscow and from childhood was well received in the world of high society so desired by many. Chatsky's parents died early, leaving their son a significant estate as an inheritance.

Dear readers! We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the Famus society in the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

Alexander Andreevich has no brothers and sisters - he is the only child in the family. Most likely, Chatsky had no other relatives (even distant ones), since after the death of his parents, Chatsky was taken in by a friend of his father, Pavel Famusov, an official and a noble person in the circles of the aristocracy and Moscow circles in particular.

Chatsky lives in the house of Pavel Afanasyevich for some time. Having matured, he goes on an independent voyage. Apparently, Famusov was a good teacher, since Chatsky had pleasant memories of him. Alexander Andreevich arrives at Famusov's house full of positive thoughts and friendly intentions.

Chatsky is a member of the English Club - a gentlemen's club for aristocrats. The English club provided for a diverse expression of social and political life. However, in general, it was reduced to card games and dinners. Apparently, Alexander Andreevich was not a frequent guest. At first, this was due to his age, in the future, Chatsky goes abroad, which a priori makes it impossible to visit this club. After a three-year period, Chatsky returns to his homeland, where the main events of Griboyedov's comedy take place.

Abroad, Alexander Andreevich gets the opportunity not only to be impressed by the peculiarities of the architecture and cultural heritage of Europe, but also to learn about the peculiarities of the relationship between people, their social and social position.

Personality characteristic

Like any other aristocrat, Chatsky received a basic education, which included the basic concept of arranging the world and the economy, was taught foreign languages ​​(in particular French, as the most common of all foreign languages). In addition, Alexander Andreevich was trained in dance and music - it was commonplace for the aristocracy. On this, Chatsky's education did not end, but turned into the hypostasis of self-development. Alexander Andreevich actively explores the world and is engaged in independent study and deepening of his knowledge in one category or another. An active and inquisitive personality type and an inquisitive mind allowed Chatsky to accumulate a significant amount of knowledge, thanks to which he became a philosopher without reaching gray hair.

Chatsky was previously in the military, but he soon became disillusioned with his military career and resigned. Alexander Andreevich did not enter the civil service. She had little interest in him.

He plans to dedicate his future life to the affairs of his estate. However, in the eyes of the public, such an act looks like an unthinkable action - others believe that an adequate person cannot do this, because it is thanks to these two types of activity that a young person can make a name for himself and earn authority in society - other types of activity, even if they are beneficial and do not contradict the rules and principles of morality are not accepted by others and are considered absurd.

Chatsky does not consider it a disadvantage to express his position freely - he thinks that this should be the norm in an educated society.

His speech is often sarcastic and ironic. Apparently, this is due to his frank opposition to other representatives of society. He is a sincere person, Chatsky believes that it is necessary to tell people the truth - he does not accept deceit and lies. Alexander Andreevich has a sensitive and sincere disposition. He is a passionate person, so it is difficult for him to restrain his emotions.

Chatsky recognizes the need for science and art in human life. People who neglect their education and development disgust Chatsky.

He sincerely loves his homeland and is overwhelmed by the desire to improve the life of his people, not only at the level of the aristocracy, but also at the level of ordinary people.

Chatsky's life position and his conflict with the Famus Society

Chatsky actively opposes the so-called Famus society - a group of aristocrats united by the personality of his tutor, an important official - Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov. In fact, on the basis of this group of aristocrats, a typical situation in aristocratic circles is shown. It is not unique personalities who speak through the mouths of representatives of the Famus society, but typical ones, characteristic of high society. And their position is not exclusively theirs, but a common occurrence.

On our site you have the opportunity to get acquainted with the image of Famusov in Alexander Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit".

First of all, the difference between Chatsky and his vision from Famusov and his hangers-on lies in the attitude to doing business and the peculiarities of moving up the career ladder - in the world of the aristocracy everything is decided by bribes and mutual responsibility - honor and pride have long been forgotten by high society. They are ready to admire people who serve and are ready to please their boss in every possible way - no one appreciates people who do their job well, professionals in their field, and this is very upsetting for a young man. To the special amazement of Alexander Andreevich, not only their own people take bribes, but also foreigners, for whom this is an unacceptable business.

The next stumbling block was the attitude towards activities, as well as towards science and art. In the vision of aristocrats, only civil service or military service is worthy of attention and honor - they consider other activities to be second-rate and shameful for a person of noble birth. They subject the servants of science and the muse to special hatred and persecution. This position lies, first of all, in the absolute neglect of education. Almost all representatives of the Famus society think that science and education do not bring any benefit, but only take away people's strength and time. Approximately the same opinion they have about art. People who are ready to engage in science or art, they consider abnormal and are ready to ridicule in every possible way.

Chatsky also gives an unsatisfactory characterization to the landowners, having analyzed their attitude towards serfs - very often serfs are nobody for the nobles - they can be a commodity or a living toy in the hands of the aristocracy. This applies not only to people who dishonestly performed their duties, but also to those who diligently serve their landowner. Nobles can sell their serfs and even trade them for dogs. In general, Griboyedov, neither personally nor with the help of his heroes, never campaigned or criticized serfdom in general, nor was he a supporter of it. His criticism is not directed at the very construction of relationships, but at specific cases of cruelty and injustice on the part of the landlords towards their serfs.

Chatsky and Sonya Famusova

Alexander Chatsky and Sonya Famusova were old acquaintances - they knew each other from childhood. After the death of Chatsky's parents, the girl actually replaced his sister - their relationship was always friendly and positive. As they grew older, they began to change, and childhood affection and friendship were replaced by falling in love. However, Chatsky's trip and the fact that he left Famusov prevented the novel from developing fully, which Sonya perceived not as a routine associated with Chatsky's achievement of a new stage in life - independent formation, but as a disappointment. In her opinion, Chatsky left their house because he got bored with life there.

On his trip, Chatsky took away not only warm memories of his teacher, but also a love for his daughter, Sonya. Upon returning home, he hoped to renew their relationship and develop it. Alexander Andreevich saw his future wife in the image of Sonya. However, immediately after his arrival, he was sharply upset in his intentions to marry the girl by her father, who believed that an exceptionally rich man who was ready to pursue his career could apply for the position of his son-in-law. Chatsky did not fit the criteria - he was wealthy, but not rich enough, and he completely abandoned his career, which was perceived extremely negatively by Famusov. From that time on, Famusov's childhood admiration gradually began to melt.

Alexander Andreevich hopes that the girl's feelings towards him are sincere, and they will be able to convince her father of the need for a wedding. Sonya reciprocates Chatsky, however, over time it turns out that his beloved is no better than her father. Her gratitude and reciprocity is just a game for the public, in fact, the girl loves another person, and Chatsky was just fooling.

Annoyed, Chatsky denounces the girl for misbehavior and sincerely rejoices that he did not become her husband, because this would be a real punishment.

Thus, Alexander Chatsky's image is generally humane and full of desire to change the lives of the people around him for the better. He sincerely believes in the benefit of science and art, and people who pay attention to their development arouse his interest and admiration. According to Chatsky, lies and self-interest should fade into the background, and goodness and humanity should take its place. People, in his understanding, should live, guided by the laws of morality, and not by personal gain.

There are different statements about the genre of A.S. Griboyedov’s play “Woe from Wit”. It is called both comedy and drama.
Let's start with the arguments in favor of comedy. Indeed, in the play, the main technique used by the author is comic inconsistencies. So, for example, Famusov, a manager in a state-owned place, says this about his attitude to business: "My custom like this: / Signed, so off your shoulders. Comic inconsistencies are encountered in the speech and behavior of the characters. Famusov preaches his modesty in front of Sophia: "Monastic known for behavior, and at the same time we see him flirting with Lisa: "Ouch! potion, spoiler…”. The first stage direction of the play already bears traces of comic inconsistency: to the sounds of a flute and piano that are heard from Sophia's bedroom, "Lizanka is sleeping in the middle of the room, hanging from armchairs." To create comic situations, the “talk of the deaf” technique is used: Chatsky’s monologue in act III, the conversation of the countess-grandmother with Prince Tugoukhovsky. The language of the play is the language of comedy (colloquial, accurate, light, witty, rich in aphorisms). In addition, the traditional comic roles are preserved in the play: Chatsky is an unlucky lover, Molchalin is a successful lover and cunning, Famusov is a father whom everyone deceives, Liza is a shrewd, clever servant. All this allows us to rightfully classify the play "Woe from Wit" as a comedy.
But comedy is based on a dramatic conflict between the hero and society, and it is not resolved in a comedic way. The drama of the protagonist Chatsky lies in the fact that he suffers grief from his mind, which is deep in its critical attitude towards the world of famous and pufferfish. Chatsky condemns the inhumanity of serfdom, he is disgusted by the lack of freedom of thought in a noble society, he is full of sincere patriotism: “Will we ever rise again from the foreign power of fashion? / So that our smart, peppy people / Although the language did not consider us Germans". In a society "where he is famous, whose neck often bent", Chatsky's independence makes him a "dangerous person."
The second argument in favor of the drama is the personal tragedy of Chatsky, the collapse of his hopes in relations with Sophia. Chatsky cannot understand how Sophia can love the insignificant Molchalin: “Here I am donated to whom!” But the last blow for Chatsky is the news that Sophia "she herself called him crazy." Insignificance does not tolerate high things in its environment, which confuses, teases low people. And it declares nobility to be madness. Chatsky is a tragic hero who finds himself in a comic situation.
The combination of comedy and drama in Griboyedov's play is organic. Both sides of life - dramatic and comedic - are considered in the play in close connection with each other.

Topic: The image of Chatsky in the system of images of the comedy "Woe from Wit"

Lesson Objectives:

• to continue the formation of skills in the analysis of a dramatic work, to stimulate the independence of students in the search for answers to the questions posed;
• develop the skills of comparative analysis, the ability to highlight the main thing, generalize, draw conclusions, develop the speech of students;
• to educate the moral qualities of students (conscience, duty, honesty).

During the classes

I. Organizational moment of the lesson.

Teacher's word:

Hello guys! Let's wish each other success. Today we will continue to study the comedy “Woe from Wit”, we will talk about representatives of the Famus society, we will see how different the opinions of the younger generation on certain things can be.

II. Checking homework.

Questions:

III. Conversation on previously studied material

Questions:

1. What genre is comedy? Why? Remember - 4 actions, prototypes of heroes, living language, 3 unities, speaking surnames;
2. In what phenomenon and action does Chatsky appear? Is this normal?;
3. Why is there so much space given to the description of Famusov's house in Act I?;
4. Who would you classify as "the current age" and who as "the past age"? What is the main thing for them, we could learn from the presentation;
5. Which of the characters do you like? What moral qualities does this character have?

IV. Exploring a new topic

1 / Characteristics of the main character according to the plan

1. Chatsky's personal drama.
2. What is Chatsky protesting against; what are his own ideals?
3. Is Chatsky alone?
4. Who is Chatsky - the winner or the loser?
5. The meaning of the image of Chatsky.

1. Word of the teacher (recording the topic in notebooks)

So, in the center of our views - Chatsky Alexander Andreevich - the smartest person who was supposed to become a hero of his time. Griboedov was the first in Russian literature to create a realistic image of a positive hero who embodied in his worldview the real features of a man of the 19th century. Chatsky and another young man named Molchalin are contemporaries. And how could they not be the support and hope of their country. But what path will they choose? What is the main thing for them? Do they need society?

1 Chatsky is excited, animated, happy. His presence is endearing. But he does not know that Sophia does not love him.

1. Chatsky in the fight against the old world.

: It would seem that vice is not punished, and virtue does not triumph in comedy. However, the reader is firmly convinced of Chatsky's moral victory over the old world.

1. Reading a fragment of the article by I.A. Goncharov "Million torments" about Chatsky. Slide 7
2. Word of the teacher about the meaning of the image of Chatsky.

The significance of the image of Chatsky is not only in the exposure of the old world, but also in the approval of new, Decembrist ideals. In Chatsky they are clearly expressed: he demands the liberation of a enslaved personality, respect for the common people, the development of science and national culture, freedom of opinion, free choice of professions, a fair assessment of a person by his qualities.

1. Is Chatsky alone?

At first glance, it seems that Chatsky is completely alone. But if you read the play, you can see that behind Chatsky are his like-minded people. In addition to Skalozub's cousin, Prince Fyodor, and the professors of the Pedagogical Institute, who "practice" "in schisms and disbelief," they also include those students who studied with these professors.

So, the circle of Chatsky's like-minded people is wider than it seems at first glance.

1. Chatsky is a typical image. There were not so many people like him in Russian life, a minority protested, but Griboedov realized that such people were the future, and created the image of an advanced person in the first period of the liberation movement in Russia.

4. Class work with the table.

The guys work with the table “Comparative characteristics of Chatsky and Molchalin” (summarize the conclusions of 2 students).

Fizminutka (conducted by the teacher).

5. Generalization on the whole topic

Conclusions. Living like Molchalin is unacceptable (constantly pleasing everyone, being dishonest, constantly deceiving, etc.). “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve,” - such is the position of Chatsky. Naturally, we see differences between these representatives of the younger generation. A person chooses the path that he will follow ...

V. The results of the lesson.

Questions:

• Why don't representatives of the Famus society accept Chatsky?
• Who is the "real" sincere person in comedy?
• Which of the comedy heroes should be closer to us?
• What associations do you have with the names of Chatsky and Molchalin?
• What do you remember about today's lesson? Will the knowledge you acquired in the lesson help you write an essay if such a topic is announced?

VI. Homework:

1. analysis of Chatsky's monologue (from the last act) in writing. characterization of Chatsky's image based on monologues
2. article uch.s.152-157

VII. Exposing motivated grades to students for the lesson.

In his comedy "" Griboedov showed us how one innovator tried to change the representatives of the "past century", but was crushed and forced to flee outside Moscow. This innovator is the main character of the comedy Alexander Chatsky.

Chatsky was a very smart and progressive person, he lived in step with the times. The whole comedy of Griboedov is built on the conflict between the protagonist and representatives of Moscow high society: Famusov, Skalozub. Chatsky does not understand and does not accept the philosophy of these people. He does not share the thoughts and impulses of his opponents. In a dispute, his famous monologues are born, in which he acts as a preacher of his ideas. Chatsky was not the kind of person who only talks about what is needed, he did not know how to remain silent. He doesn't even seem to care if anyone listens to him or not. For him, the main thing is to convey his idea, his vision.

In his first monologue, “And the world just began to grow stupid ...” Chatsky draws parallels between the past and the coming century. We learn from him that the main character does not accept the developed bureaucracy, subservience. That is why he did not go to public service.

In the next monologue, “Who are the judges,” Chatsky condemns the enthusiasm for military affairs. After all, it kills in a person any desire for creativity, for knowledge of the world. Military drill kills a person's personality, the possibility of independent decision-making.

Chatsky firmly believes that his ideas will be gladly accepted by the Famus society. He believes in changing the consciousness of other comedy characters, in the opportunity to look at the world with different eyes.

Unfortunately, Chatsky's dreams were not destined to come true. Faced with the philosophy of his peers Molchalin and Skalozub, the main character realizes that nothing can be changed. These people live by the rules of the last century. Nobody listens to his ideas and nobody shares them. The whole philosophy of Chatsky failed, he was deceived in his dreams and aspirations.

At the end of the work, we no longer see that young man blinded by his ideas. Chatsky, having got rid of illusions, nevertheless retained his convictions. He remained a connoisseur of human freedom, the right to choose. He advocates the abolition of serfdom and the elevation of the individual as an independent unit of society.

In his last monologue “I won’t come to my senses”, we see that Chatsky did not give up his convictions, having left Moscow, he began to look for a place where his ideas would be accepted: “... I’ll go looking around the world where there is a corner for an offended feeling!”.

In the image of Chatsky, we see a strong and purposeful person who did not cave in under the "rotten" world. He firmly believed in the realization of his ideas and the coming of a better future.

The comedy "Woe from Wit" is the famous work of A. S. Griboyedov. Having composed it, the author instantly stood on a par with the leading poets of his time. The appearance of this play caused a lively response in literary circles. Many were in a hurry to express their opinion about the merits and demerits of the work. Particularly heated debate was caused by the image of Chatsky, the main character of the comedy. This article will be devoted to the description of this character.

Chatsky's prototypes

The contemporaries of A. S. Griboedov found that the image of Chatsky reminds them of P. Ya. Chaadaev. This was pointed out by Pushkin in his letter to P. A. Vyazemsky in 1823. Some researchers see an indirect confirmation of this version in the fact that the original protagonist of the comedy bore the surname Chadsky. However, many refute this opinion. According to another theory, the image of Chatsky is a reflection of the biography and character of V.K. Kuchelbecker. A disgraced, unfortunate person who had just returned from abroad could well become the prototype of the protagonist of Woe from Wit.

On the similarity of the author with Chatsky

It is quite obvious that the protagonist of the play in his monologues expressed the thoughts and views that Griboedov himself adhered to. "Woe from Wit" is a comedy that has become the author's personal manifesto against the moral and social vices of Russian aristocratic society. Yes, and many of Chatsky's character traits seem to be written off from the author himself. According to contemporaries, Alexander Sergeevich was impetuous and hot, sometimes independent and sharp. Chatsky's views on imitating foreigners, the inhumanity of serfdom, and bureaucracy are the true thoughts of Griboyedov. He repeatedly expressed them in society. The writer was even once really called crazy when at a social event he warmly and impartially spoke about the servile attitude of Russians to everything foreign.

Author's characterization of the hero

In response to the critical remarks of his co-author and longtime friend P. A. Katenin that the character of the protagonist is "confused", that is, very inconsistent, Griboedov writes: "In my comedy there are 25 fools per sane person." The image of Chatsky for the author is a portrait of an intelligent and educated young man who finds himself in a difficult situation. On the one hand, he is in "contradiction with society", since he is "a little higher than the others", he is aware of his superiority and does not try to hide it. On the other hand, Alexander Andreevich cannot achieve the former location of his beloved girl, suspects the presence of an opponent, and even unexpectedly falls into the category of crazy people, which he learns about last. Griboyedov explains the excessive ardor of his hero by a strong disappointment in love. Therefore, in "Woe from Wit" the image of Chatsky turned out to be so inconsistent and inconsistent. He "spit in the eyes of everyone and was like that."

Chatsky in the interpretation of Pushkin

The poet criticized the main character of the comedy. At the same time, Pushkin appreciated Griboyedov: he liked the comedy Woe from Wit. in the interpretation of the great poet is very impartial. He calls Alexander Andreevich an ordinary reasoning hero, a mouthpiece for the ideas of the only intelligent person in the play - Griboyedov himself. He believes that the main character is a "kind fellow" who picked up extraordinary thoughts and witticisms from another person and began to "throw pearls" in front of Repetilov and other representatives of the Famus Guard. According to Pushkin, such behavior is unforgivable. He believes that Chatsky's contradictory and inconsistent character is a reflection of his own stupidity, which puts the hero in a tragicomic position.

The character of Chatsky, according to Belinsky

A well-known critic in 1840, like Pushkin, denied the protagonist of the play a practical mind. He interpreted the image of Chatsky as an absolutely ridiculous, naive and dreamy figure and dubbed him "the new Don Quixote." Over time, Belinsky somewhat changed his point of view. The characterization of the comedy "Woe from Wit" in his interpretation has become very positive. He called it a protest against "vile racial reality" and considered it "the most noble, humanistic work." The critic never saw the true complexity of Chatsky's image.

The image of Chatsky: interpretation in the 1860s

Publicists and critics of the 1860s began to attribute only socially significant and socio-political motives to Chatsky's behavior. For example, I saw in the protagonist of the play a reflection of Griboyedov's "back thoughts". He considers the image of Chatsky a portrait of a Decembrist revolutionary. The critic sees in Alexander Andreevich a man struggling with the vices of contemporary society. For him, the characters of Woe from Wit are characters not of a "high" comedy, but of a "high" tragedy. In such interpretations, the appearance of Chatsky is extremely generalized and interpreted very one-sidedly.

The appearance of Chatsky at Goncharov

Ivan Alexandrovich in his critical study "A Million of Torments" presented the most insightful and accurate analysis of the play "Woe from Wit". The characterization of Chatsky, according to Goncharov, should be done taking into account his state of mind. Unhappy love for Sophia makes the protagonist of the comedy bilious and almost inadequate, makes him pronounce long monologues in front of people who are indifferent to his fiery speeches. Thus, without taking into account the love affair, it is impossible to understand the comic and at the same time tragic nature of the image of Chatsky.

The problems of the play

The heroes of "Woe from Wit" face Griboedov in two plot-forming conflicts: love (Chatsky and Sofia) and socio-ideological and the main character). Of course, it is the social problems of the work that come to the fore, but the love line in the play is very important. After all, Chatsky was in a hurry to Moscow solely to meet with Sofia. Therefore, both conflicts - socio-ideological and love - reinforce and complement each other. They develop in parallel and are equally necessary for understanding the worldview, character, psychology and relationships of comedy characters.

Main character. love conflict

In the system of characters in the play, Chatsky is in the main place. It ties two storylines together. For Alexander Andreevich, it is the love conflict that is of primary importance. He perfectly understands the society of which people he got into, and is not at all going to engage in educational activities. The reason for his stormy eloquence is not political, but psychological. The "impatience of the heart" of the young man is felt throughout the entire play.

At first, Chatsky's "talkativeness" was caused by the joy of meeting Sophia. When the hero realizes that the girl has no trace of her former feelings for him, he begins to do inconsistent and daring acts. He stays in Famusov's house with the sole purpose of finding out who became Sofia's new lover. At the same time, it is quite obvious that his "mind and heart are not in harmony."

After Chatsky learns about the relationship between Molchalin and Sofia, he goes to the other extreme. Instead of loving feelings, he is overcome by anger and rage. He accuses the girl of "luring him with hope", proudly tells her about the break in relations, swears that he "sobered up ... completely", but at the same time he is going to pour out "all the bile and all the annoyance" on the world.

Main character. Socio-political conflict

Love experiences increase the ideological confrontation between Alexander Andreevich and the Famus society. At first, Chatsky refers to the Moscow aristocracy with ironic calmness: "... I'm a weirdo for another miracle / Once I laugh, then I'll forget ..." However, as he becomes convinced of Sophia's indifference, his speech becomes more and more impudent and unrestrained. Everything in Moscow begins to irritate him. Chatsky in his monologues touches on many topical issues of his contemporary era: questions about national identity, serfdom, education and enlightenment, real service, and so on. He talks about serious things, but at the same time, from excitement, he falls, according to I. A. Goncharov, into "exaggerations, into almost drunkenness of speech."

The worldview of the protagonist

The image of Chatsky is a portrait of a person with an established system of worldview and morality. He considers the main criterion for evaluating a person to be the desire for knowledge, for beautiful and lofty matters. Alexander Andreevich is not against working for the benefit of the state. But he constantly emphasizes the difference between "serve" and "serve", which he attaches fundamental importance to. Chatsky is not afraid of public opinion, does not recognize authorities, preserves his independence, which causes fear among Moscow aristocrats. They are ready to recognize in Alexander Andreevich a dangerous rebel who encroaches on the most sacred values. From the point of view of the Famus society, Chatsky's behavior is atypical, and therefore reprehensible. He "is familiar with the ministers", but does not use his connections in any way. Famusov's offer to live "like everyone else" replies with a contemptuous refusal.

In many respects he agrees with his hero Griboyedov. The image of Chatsky is a type of an enlightened person who freely expresses his opinion. But in his statements there are no radical and revolutionary ideas. It's just that in a conservative Famus society, any deviation from the usual norm seems outrageous and dangerous. Not without reason, in the end, Alexander Andreevich was recognized as a madman. only in this way could they explain for themselves the independent nature of Chatsky's judgments.

Conclusion

In modern life, the play "Woe from Wit" remains more relevant than ever. The image of Chatsky in comedy is the central figure that helps the author to express his thoughts and views to the whole world. By the will of Alexander Sergeevich, the protagonist of the work is placed in tragicomic conditions. His impetuous are caused by disappointment in love. However, the problems that are raised in his monologues are eternal topics. It is thanks to them that comedy entered the list of the most famous works of world literature.