The concept of "irregular verbs" in the study of English arises almost simultaneously with the beginning of a detailed study of tenses. The division into regular and irregular verbs in English becomes important when it becomes necessary to put the verb in the second or third form in accordance with the desired tense. It is on what form the verb takes in these forms that it depends whether it belongs to the correct or incorrect.

You can continue reading or watch an animated video in which we tried to convey the main content of the article in 5 minutes. When you finish watching, don't forget to complete to assess your knowledge.

Verbs of the "correct" category have the same second and third forms; they differ from the first form only in the ending -ed .

But the irregular verbs of the English language are a special group that has to be given much more attention and time. The difficulty is that the ways of forming the second and third forms of these verbs are not amenable to either logic or rules:

• some of them do not change shape at all;

  cut - cut - cut (cut)

• some have the same second and third forms;

  have - had - had (to have)

• and there are such irregular verbs in English, in which all three forms are different.

  do - did - done (to do)

Irregular English verbs are like the multiplication table in mathematics: learning by heart is long and troublesome, but it's worth it, because the great practical value of both cannot be overestimated. In particular, knowledge of the forms of irregular verbs significantly expands the language possibilities.

The total number of irregular verbs is about 500 (and these are not only commonly used, but also outdated options). If we talk about useful verbs that can be useful in modern conditions, then only 220 - 250 units of the total will be needed, i.e. literally half.

According to some linguists, knowledge of the entire table with irregular verbs raises the level of knowledge of the language by as much as 5%!

English irregular verbs are a ready-made set of words that are guaranteed to cover most of the actions of all major conversational topics.

How to distinguish regular verbs from irregular ones?

Unfortunately, since the second and third forms of irregular verbs are formed unpredictably, you will have to literally recognize them “by sight”.

All students who study English must have a table of irregular verbs. There are English irregular verbs with transcription and translation in any, even the most primitive, textbook (usually their table is located at the end of the publication).

It is important to remember the spelling and pronunciation of the three forms of each verb from the table. That is, if the verb is irregular, it is necessary to learn not one word, as usual, but three at once.

The table of irregular verbs of the English language is a guideline that will have to be checked for some time - the correct verb is in front of us or not.

As a rule, the main irregular verbs of English are the most used in speech, texts and exercises. Gradually, the forms of irregular verbs in English are remembered, and the table comes in handy less and less.

Modern English is prone to simplifying complex grammatical structures, and this also applies to irregular verbs. Forms of irregular verbs in English change over time and gradually tend to "correctness". Sometimes a verb can be used both as a regular and as an irregular one. For example:

study - learn-learnt (learned) - learned (learned)).

In ambiguous cases, exceptions, our recommendation will be as follows: in case of any doubt, it is better to refer to the Oxford Dictionary. This edition is considered by linguists to be a kind of "code" that regulates the use of a particular lexeme. Modern editions of this book include not only the traditional variants, but also most of the Americanized versions of the irregular forms of the verbs.

Where are forms of irregular verbs used?

So, now let's move on to the most important thing: let's take a closer look at the three verb forms and their participation in the grammar of the English language:

First- this is probably the simplest variation - infinitive. Used:

• usually as an indefinite form;
• when using the Present Simple time, and in the 3rd person singular the verb gets the ending -s (for example, runs, goes).

Second- performs in the most simple and understandable speech situations: when using Past Simple tense.

Third- past participle ( Past Participle or Participle II). There are three main options when it is used:

• as a direct participle of the past tense;
• as part of the Present Perfect tense construction;
• in the formation of all forms of the passive voice.

As you can see, almost all aspectual-temporal forms of the English language are “tied” to one or another form of verbs. Therefore, any form of the verb is important in building literate speech.

Learning English Irregular Verbs

Depending on the level of knowledge, we offer two ways to study this topic. The first is to start learning the 100 most popular irregular verbs right now according to our table, which you will find just below. The second way is to study verbs while doing an online exercise.

This method is also suitable for those who studied English before, for example, at school or college, but now they forgot. The exercise will help you remember all three forms of the verb as much as possible. You can also return to the exercise after studying the table and check the acquired knowledge.

table of irregular verbs

We bring to your attention irregular verbs of the English language with a translation in the form of a table. In it you can also listen to the pronunciation of verbs.

For each lexeme, only one main translation variant is presented. Although, it should be remembered that the more often a word occurs in everyday speech, the more meanings it usually has. For example, the word "get" can express up to 80 different actions.

The table contains the most commonly used verbs that require memorization. In the future, use them in sentences to express thoughts grammatically in English.

				reconcile (with circumstances); observe
				appear
				wake up; wake up
		[ə'wəʊk] / [ə'wəikt]	[ə'wəʊkən]
			[‘bi:tən] /
				become
				start off
				bend; tilt
		besought / beseeched	besought / beseeched	ask, beg
				bet
			/ [‘bɪtən]
				breed; bring up
				bring
				broadcast
	[‘brɔ:dkɑ:st]	[‘brɔ:dkɑ:st]	[‘brɔ:dkɑ:st]
		Burned	Burned
				burst, explode
				buy
				choose
				come, arrive
				deal, deal
		dreamed / dreamed	dreamed / dreamed	dream; dream
				ride (on horseback), drive (car)
				live; settle
				feel
				fight
				find
				run, hide
				forbid
				predict
				receive, get
				go, go
				hang; hang
				hide; hide
				store, keep
				jump up, jump
				leave, leave
				lend
				let
				mean
				meet
				prove
				rise, rise
				sell
				send, send
				install, set up
				shake
				show
				reduce
				slide	slide
				smell; to sniff
				speak
				spend (time), spend
				rotate; spin
		spoilt / spoiled	spoilt / spoiled
				distribute
				hit; bump into
				sweep
				tell
				understand
	[ʌndə'stænd]	[ʌndə'stʊd]	[ʌndə'stʊd]

Online exercise for memorizing irregular verbs

Indicate three forms of the verb in succession, choosing a card with a word from the options provided.

caught

caught

• choose
• chose
• chosen

• creep
• crept
• crept

• drink
• drank
• drunk

• drive
• drove
• driven

• fallen

• found
• found

• forgive
• forgave
• forgiven

• grown

• known

• leave

• showed
• shown

• speak
• spoke
• spoken

• stand
• stood
• stood

• taken

• teach
• taught
• taught

• understand
• understood
• understood

• write
• wrote
• written

Ladies and gentlemen, it's time for shameless and daring cramming! This is how you can remember the most common irregular verbs (irregular verbs) with pronunciation, which we have carefully selected for you, just like the leaves of the best teas are selected. Autumn is in full swing - brew some gulls and go over 3 forms of irregular verbs with you. Let's go!

Good to know that some of these verbs have the same spelling and pronunciation of all 3 forms, but there is also an insidious verb read, 2 and 3 whose form is read . So pay attention! And don't screw this up!

Basic irregular verbs with the same forms

So, at first it will be much easier to remember the aforementioned irregular verbs of the English language than to cram everything in a row. Here they are:

bet bet
burst explode)
cast cast a shadow, cast a shadow
cost cost, value
cut cut
fit fit (about clothes)
hit hit, hit
hurt hurt, injure, injure
let allow, allow
put put, put
quit leave, leave
rid deliver
set install, install, set up
Shed[ʃed] to shed (tears)
shit crap
shut[ʃʌt] to close
slit cut
split divide, split, split
spread spread
wet wet

In general, there are as many as 638 irregular verbs in the English language. But, fortunately, about 200+ are mainly used, and 100 of them are the most popular. Of course, you can learn all 638 and write a bestseller or retell Shakespeare in English. But do you really need that?

3 more verbs, the 1st and 3rd forms of which are the same:

come came come come
become became become become
run ran run run away

Ways to form irregular verbs

So easy! If the verb in Past Simple and Past Participle does not have the ending "- ed"(I felt / she has forgiven) - then he wrong, that is, verbs forming the form Past Simple and Past Participle do not add an ending «- ed» to the infinitive, and are formed in other wonderful ways.

These are, for example:

• change root vowels on " o» and adding graduation To 3 form:

break[breɪk] br o ke br o k en["brəuk (ə) n] (c) break
choose ch o se ch o se n["tʃəuz (ə) n] choose
forget forg o t forg o t ten forget
freeze fr o ze fr o ze n freeze, freeze
get g o t gott en["gɔtn] receive
speak sp o kesp o ke n["spəuk(ə)n] talk
steal st o le st o le n["stəulən] steal
tear t o re t o r n tear
wake w o ke w o ke n["wəuk(ə)n] wake up
wear w o re w o r n put on

• change root vowels on " o» only in 2 verb form:

drive dr o ve driven ["drɪv(ə)n] drive
ride r o de ridden ["rɪd(ə)n] to ride
rise r o se risen ["rɪz(ə)n] to rise
write wr o te written ["rɪt(ə)n] write

• Appearance in 2 form graduation «- ew", and in 3 — «- own»

blow bl ew bl own blow
fly fl ew fl own fly
grow gr ew gr own grow, grow
know kn ew kn own know
throw[θrəu] thr ew[θru:] thr own[θrəun] to throw

• Changing endings 2 And 3 forms on "- ought" And "- aught»

bring br ought br ought bring
buy b ought b ought buy
catch c aught c aught catch
fight f ought f ought fight
seek s ought s ought search
teach t aught t aught teach
think[θɪŋk]th ought[θɔ:t]th ought[θɔ:t] to think

• Change " ee" on " e» in 2 And 3 verb form + pronunciation change

keep k e pt k e pt keep
sleep sl e pt sl e pt sleep
feel f e lt f e lt feel
bleed bl e dbl e d bleed
feed f e df e d feed
meet m e t m e t meet
lead l e dl e d lead

• Vowel alternation at the root of the word in all 3 forms according to the principle " i-a-u»:

begin beg a n run u n start
drink dr a nk dr u nk drink
ring r a ng-r u ng call
shrink[ʃrɪŋk] shr a nk [ʃræŋk] shr u nk [ʃrʌŋk] shrink
sing s a ngs u ng sing
sink s a nks u nk sink, sink
spring spr a ng spr u ng appear, jump out
swim sw a m sw u m swim

• And now! The most wrong English verbs at all! They are so wrong that Dr. Evil himself (from the Austin Powers movies) would be shocked! They defy explanation and logic, they do what they want, in a word, they are simply destroyers of the system! But what are the necessary and useful:

be was/were been to be, to be
do did done do
go went gone go
have had had have
make made made do, make

• Is there some more wrong and at the same time correct verbs, such verbs-shifters. Check it out!

VERB	2 FORM	3 FORM	TRANSLATION
bereave		bereft/bereaved	deprive
bet	bet/betted	bet/betted	bet
broadcast["brɔ:dkɑ:st]	broadcast/broadcasted	broadcast/broadcasted	broadcast, transmit
burn	burned/burnt	burned/burnt	burn, burn
bust	busted/bust	busted/bust	round up
chide	chided/chid	chided/chidden	scold
clothes	clothed/clad	clothed/clad	dress
crow	crew/crowed	crowed	crow, cheer squawk, laugh
dive	dived/dove	dived	dive
dream	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt	dream, dream
forecast["fɔ:kɑ:st]	forecast/forecasted ["fɔ:kɑ:st/"fɔ:kɑ:sted]	forecast/forecasted ["fɔ:kɑ:st/"fɔ:kɑ:sted]	to predict the weather) make a prediction
gild	gild/gilded	gild/gilded	gild gild
gird	girt/girded	girt/girded	surround, tighten (belt) attach a sword to a belt
hamstring["hæmstrɪŋ]	hamstring/hamstring ["hæmstrɪŋd/"hæmstrʌŋ]	hamstring/hamstring ["hæmstrɪŋd/"hæmstrʌŋ]	cut, mutilate
lean	leaned/leant	leaned/leant	tilt) bend
leap	leapt/leaped	leapt/leaped	jump, jump
learn	learned/learnt	learned/learnt	study)
light	lit/lighted	lit/lighted	kindle, illuminate
shrive[ʃraɪv]	shrove/shrived [ʃrəuv/ʃraɪvd]	shriven/shrived ["ʃrɪv(ə)n/ʃraɪvd]	confess repent
spell	spell/spelled	spell/spelled	pronounce or spell to bewitch, to speak
spill	spilt/spilled	spilt/spilled	spill, spill spill, spill
spoilv	spoiled/spoiled	spoiled/spoiled	(is) spoil
thrive[θraɪv]	Throw/thrived [θrəuv/θraɪvd]	thriven/thrived ["θrɪv(ə)n/θraɪvd]	prosper thrive
wake	woke/waked	woken/waked ["wəuk(ə)n/weɪkt]	wake up

We recommend that you memorize the form that is most familiar to you. After all, even the verb work"has irregular Past Indefinite and Past Participle forms (in both cases wrought), but it is outdated and almost never used. Create your own lists of irregular verbs and organize them into categories that are convenient for you to remember. And everything will be just fine!

100 most popular irregular verbs in English

table of irregular verbs

Infinitive	past simple	Past Participle	Translation
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
beat	beat	beaten	beat, beat
become	became	become	become
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
begin	began	begun	start off
bend	bent	bent	bend
bet	bet	bet	bet
bite	bit	bitten	bite
blow	blew	blown	blow, exhale
break	broke	broken	break, smash destroy
bring	brought	brought	bring, bring deliver
build	built	built	build, construct
buy	bought	bought	buy, acquire
catch	caught	caught	catch, catch grab
choose	chose	chosen	choose, elect
come	came	come	come, approach
cost	cost	cost	cost, cost
cut	cut	cut	cut, cut
deal	dealt	dealt	deal, distribute
dig	arc	arc	dig, dig
do	did	done	do, perform
draw	drew	drawn	draw, draw
drink	drank	drunk	drink
drive	drove	driven	drive, drive
eat	ate	eaten	eat, absorb eat
fall	fell	fallen	fall
feed	fed	fed	feed
feel	felt	felt	feel, feel
fight	fought	fought	fight, fight fight
find	found	found	find, discover
fly	flew	flown	fly
forget	forgot	forgotten	forget about (something)
be	was/were	been	to be, to be
forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive
freeze	frozen	frozen	freeze, freeze
get	got	got	receive, reach
give	gave	given	give, donate, bestow
go	went	gone	go, move
grow	grew	grown	grow up, grow up
hang	hung	hung	hang up, hang up hang
have	had	had	to have, to possess
hear	heard	heard	hear, hear
hide	hidden	hidden	hide, hide
hit	hit	hit	hit, hit
hold	held	held	hold, hold detain
hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt, bruise to cause a pain
keep	kept	kept	store, save support
know	knew	known	know, have an idea
lay	laid	laid	put cover
lead	led	led	lead, accompany lead
leave	left	left	leave, leave leave, leave
lend	lent	lent	lend to lend (to lend)
let	let	let	allow, allow
lie	lay	lain	lie
light	lit	lit	ignite, glow illuminate
lose	lost	lost	to lose, be deprived lose
make	made	made	do, create make
mean	meant	meant	mean, mean mean
meet	met	met	meet, meet
pay	paid	paid	pay, pay pay off
put	put	put	put, place put
read	read	read	read, read
ride	rode	ridden	ride, ride
ring	rank	rung	call, call
rise	rose	rising	ascend, get up get up
run	ran	run	run, run
say	said	said	speak, say pronounce
see	saw	seen	see
seek	sought	sought	seek, look for
sell	sold	sold	sell, trade
send	sent	sent	send, send send
set	set	set	set, set assign
shake	shook	shaken	shake, shake
shine	shone	shone	shine, shine, illumine
shoot	shot	shot	fire
show	showed	shown/showed	show
shut	shut	shut	close, lock shut
sing	sang	sung	sing, hum
sink	sank	sunk	sink, submerge
sit	sat	sat	sit, sit down
sleep	slept	slept	sleep
speak	spoke	spoken	speak, talk speak out
spend	spent	spent	spend, spend spend time)
stand	stood	stood	stand
steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
stick	stuck	stuck	stick
strike	struck	struck/stricken	hit, hit hit
wear	swore	sworn	swear, swear
sweep	swept	swept	revenge/sweep brush away
swim	swam	swum	swim/sail
swing	swung	swung	swing, spin
take	took	taken	take, grab, take
teach	taught	taught	teach, teach
tear	tore	torn	tear, rip off
tell	told	told	tell
think	thought	thought	think, think meditate
throw	threw	thrown	throw, throw throw
understand	understood	understood	understand, comprehend
wake	woke	woken	wake up, wake up
wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
win	won	won	win, win
write	wrote	written	write, write down

memory game

We are talking about the analogy of the card "fool". Irregular verbs in English are written on the cards, each form is on a separate card. There are about 20 verbs in one deck, these are 60 cards. The players are dealt 6 cards. The one who has the initial form of the verb goes first. The next one must put the first or second form of this verb, or another verb in the initial form. For example: the first player makes a move with "go", the second must put "went" or "gone", or another verb in the initial form, for example, "come". Further - by analogy. There is also a joker - this is a verb in which all forms are the same, for example "hit-hit-hit". With the Joker, you can change the top card, that is, order the form of the verb that the owner of the Joker needs. If there are no suitable cards, then you need to take from the deck until you get one. The deck is sorted out to the end, and the one who has no cards left wins. The game is going "hooray"! Try it!

We hope that learning English irregular verbs will now be easier! And so that you have no doubts, we invite you to take a trial lesson! Don't be shy ;)

Big and friendly family EnglishDom

I'll tell you a secret: regular and irregular verbs of the English language are the most "favorite" topic for teachers and students when studying English grammar. Fate wanted the most popular and frequently used words in English speech to be incorrect. For example, the famous phrase "to be or not to be" also contains exactly the wrong verb. And that's the beauty of the British :)

Just think for a second how great it would be to add an ending -ed to the main verbs and get the past tense. And now all English learners are prepared to participate in an exciting attraction - memorizing a convenient table of irregular English verbs with translation and transcription.

1. IRREGULAR VERBS

Meet their royal majesty irregular verbs. It won't take long to talk about them. You just need to accept and remember that each verb has its own forms. And it is almost impossible to find any logical connection. It remains only to put a table in front of you and learn how you once memorized the English alphabet.

It's good that there are verbs where all three forms coincide and are pronounced the same (put-put-put). But there are especially harmful forms that are written like twins, but are pronounced differently. (read - read - read ). Just like choosing only the best tea leaves of the best varieties for the royal tea party, we have collected the most used irregular verbs, arranged them alphabetically, visually conveniently arranged in a table - we did everything to make you smile and ... learn. In general, only conscientious cramming will save humanity from ignorance of English irregular verbs.

And to make memorization not so boring, you can create your own algorithms. For example, first write out all the verbs where the three forms match. Then those where the two forms coincide (most of them, by the way). Or, let's say, learn words today with the letter "b" (do not think bad), and tomorrow - with another. No limits to fantasy for lovers of English!

And without departing from the cash register, we suggest taking a test for knowledge of irregular verbs.

Table of irregular verbs in English with transcription and translation:

	indefinite form of the verb (Infinitive)	simple past tense (Past Simple)	past participle	Translation
1	abide [ə"baɪd]	abode [ə"bəud]	abode [ə"bəud]	stay, stick to something
2	arise [ə"raɪz]	arose [ə"rəuz]	arisen [ə "rɪz (ə) n]	arise, rise
3	awake [ə"weɪk]	awoke [ə"wəuk]	awoken [əˈwoʊkn]	wake up, wake up
4	be	was; were	been	to be, to be
5	bear	bore	born	wear, give birth
6	beat	beat	beaten ["bi:tn]	beat
7	become	became	become	become, become
8	fall	befell	befallen	happen
9	begin	began	begun	start off)
10	hold	beheld	beheld	look, notice
11	bend	bent	bent	bend(s), bend(s)
12	beseech	thought	thought	beg, beg
13	beset	beset	beset	surround, besiege
14	bet	bet	bet	bet
15	bid	bid	bid	bid, order, ask
16	bind	bound	bound	bind
17	bite	bit	bitten ["bɪtn]	bite)
18	bleed	bled	bled	bleed, bleed
19	blow	blew	blown	blow
20	break	broke	broken ["brəuk(ə)n]	break, break, break
21	breed	bred	bred	breed, breed, breed
22	bring	brought	brought	bring, bring
23	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast ["brɔːdkɑːst]	broadcast, distribute
24	build	built	built	build, build
25	burn	burnt	burnt	burn, burn
26	burst	burst	burst	explode)
27	buy	bought	bought	buy
28	can	could	could	be able to physically
29	cast	cast	cast	throw, pour (metal)
30	catch	caught	caught	catch, seize
31	choose [ʧuːz]	chose [ʧuːz]	chosen ["ʧəuz(ə)n]	choose
32	cling	clung	clung	stick, cling, cling
33	cleave	cleft	cloven ["kləuv(ə)n]	cut, split
34	clothes	clothed	clothed	dress, dress
35	come	came	come [ kʌm]	come
36	cost	cost[ kɒst]	cost[ kɒst]	evaluate, cost
37	creep	crept	crept	crawl
38	cut	cut [ kʌt]	cut [ kʌt]	cut, trim
39	dare	Durst	dared	dare
40	deal	dealt	dealt	to deal, to trade, to deal
41	dig	arc	arc	dig
42	dive	dove	dived	dive
43	do/does	did	done	do
44	draw	drew	drawn	drag, draw
45	dream	dream	dream	dream, dream
46	drink	drank	drunk	drink, drink
47	drive	drove	driven [ˈdrɪvn̩]	drive, drive, drive, drive
48	dwell	dwelt	dwelt	dwell, abide, linger on something
49	eat	ate	eaten [ˈiːtn̩]	eat, eat, eat
50	fall	fell	fallen [ˈfɔːlən]	fall
51	feed	fed	fed[ fed]	feed)
52	feel	felt	felt [ felt]	feel
53	fight	fought [ˈfɔːt]	fought [ˈfɔːt]	fight, fight
54	find	found	found	find
55	fit	fit[ fɪt]	fit[ fɪt]	fit, fit
56	fleece	fled	fled	run away, flee
57	fling	flung	flung	throw, throw
58	fly	flew	flown	fly, fly
59	forbid	forbade	forbidden	forbid
60	forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst]		forecast; forecasted [ˈfɔːkɑːstɪd]	foresee, predict
61	forget	forgot	forgotten	forget
62	forego	future	foregone	refuse, refrain
63	foretell	foretold	foretold	predict, forecast
64	forgive	forgave	forgiven	forgive,
65	forsake	forsook	forsaken	throw, refuse
66	freeze	frozen	frozen [ˈfrəʊzən]	freeze, freeze
67	get [ˈɡet]	got [ˈɡɒt]	got [ˈɡɒt]	get, become
68	gild [ɡɪld]		gilt [ɡɪlt]; gilded [ˈɡɪldɪd]	gild
69	give [ɡɪv]	gave [ɡeɪv]	given [ɡɪvn̩]	give
70	go/goes [ɡəʊz]	went [ˈwent]	gone [ɡɒn]	go, go
71	grind [ɡraɪnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	ground [ɡraʊnd]	sharpen, grind
72	grow [ɡrəʊ]	grew [ɡruː]	grown [ɡrəʊn]	grow, grow
73	hang	hung; hanged	hang [ hʌŋ]; hanged [ hæŋd]	hang, hang
74	have	had	had	to have, to possess
75	hew	hewed	hewed; hewn	to cut, to cut
76	hear	heard	heard	hear
77	hide	hidden	hidden [ˈhɪdn̩]	hide, hide
78	hit	hit[ hɪt]	hit[ hɪt]	hit, hit
79	hold	held	held	hold, maintain (possess)
80	hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt, hurt, injure
81	keep	kept	kept	keep, store
82	kneel		knelt; kneeled	kneel
83	knit		knit ; knitted [ˈnɪtɪd]	to knit
84	know	knew	known	know
85	lay	laid	laid	put
86	lead	led	led	lead, accompany
87	lean		leant; leaned	lean on, lean on
88	leap	leapt; leaped [lipt]	leapt; leaped	jump
89	learn		learned; learned	to learn, to know
90	leave	left	left	leave, leave
91	lend	lent	lent[lent]	lend, lend
92	let	let[let]	let[let]	let, let
93	lie	lay	lain	lie
94	light	lit ; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd]	lit [lɪt]; lighted [ˈlaɪtɪd]	kindle, illuminate
95	lose	lost	lost	lose
96	make [ˈmeɪk]	made [ˈmeɪd]	made [ˈmeɪd]	do, force
97	May	might	might	be able to have the right
98	mean	meant	meant	mean, imply
99	meet	met	met	meet, meet
100	mishear [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard [ˌmɪsˈhɪə]	misheard
101	mislay	mislaid	mislaid	misplace
102	mistake	mistook	mistaken	to err, to be mistaken
103	mow	moved	mown	mow
104	overtake	overcurrent	overtaken	catch up
105	pay	paid	paid	to pay
106	prove	proved	proven; proven	prove, certify
107	put	put	put	put
108	quit	stop; quitted	stop; quitted	leave, leave
109	read	read; red	read; red	read
110	rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	rebuild, restore
111	rid	rid; ridded	rid; ridded	free, deliver
112	ride	rode	ridden	ride
113	ring	rank	rung	call, call
114	rise	rose	rising	rise, ascend
115	run	ran	run	run, flow
116	saw	sawed	sawn; sawed	to nag
117	say	said	said	speak, say
118	see	saw	seen	see
119	seek	sought	sought	search
120	sell	sold	sold	sell
121	send	sent	sent	send, send
122	set	set	set	place, put
123	sew	sewed	sewed; sewn	sew
124	shake	shook	shaken	shake
125	shall	should	should	be to
126	shave	shaved	shaved	to shave)
127	shear	sheared	shorn	cut, cut; deprive
128	Shed	Shed	Shed	throw off, spill
129	shine	shone; shined	shone; shined	shine, shine
130	shoes	shod	shod	shoe, shoe
131	shoot	shot	shot	fire
132	show	showed	shown; showed	show
133	shrink	shrank; shrunk	shrunk	shrink, shrink, rebound, recoil
134	shut	shut	shut	close
135	sing	sang	sung	sing
136	sink	sank	sunk	sink, sink, sink
137	sit	sat	sat	sit
138	slay	slew	slain	kill, destroy
139	sleep	slept	slept	sleep
140	slide	slide	slide	slide
141	sling	slung	slung	throw, throw, hang over the shoulder, hang
142	slit	slit	slit	cut lengthwise
143	smell	smelt; smelled	smelt; smelled	smell, sniff
144	sow	sowed	sowed; sown	sow
145	speak	spoke	spoken	speak
146	speed	sped; speeded	sped; speeded	hurry, speed up
147	spell	spell; spelled	spell; spelled	write, spell a word
148	spend	spent	spent	spend, waste
149	spill	spilt	spilt	shed
150	spin	spun	spun	spin
151	sleep	spat	spat	spit, stick, poke, pro-
152	split	split	split	split, split
153	spoil	spoilt; spoiled	spoilt; spoiled	spoil, spoil
154	spread	spread	spread	spread
155	spring	sprang	sprung	jump, jump
156	stand	stood	stood	stand
157	steal	stole	stolen	steal, steal
158	stick	stuck	stuck	to stick, to stick, to stick
159	sting	stung	stung	sting
160	stink	stank; stun	stun	stink, repel
161	strew	strewed	strewn; strewed	to scatter, scatter, spread
162	stride	strode	stridden	step
163	strike	struck	struck	hit, hit, strike
164	string	string	string	bind, tie, string
165	striving	strove	striving	strive, try
166	wear	swore	sworn	swear, swear, scold
167	sweep	swept	swept	to sweep
168	swell	swollen	swollen; swollen	to swell, swell, swell
169	swim	swam	swum	swim
170	swing	swung	swung	swing, swing
171	take	took	taken	take
172	teach	taught	taught	teach, teach
173	tear	tore	torn	tear, times-, with-, from-
174	tell	told	told	to tell, inform
175	think	thought	thought	think
176	throw	threw	thrown	throw, throw
177	thrust	thrust	thrust	push, poke, kick out, shove
178	thread	trod	trod; trodden	step
179	unbend	unbent	unbent	unbend
180	undergo	life	undergone	experience, endure
181	understand	understood	understood	understand
182	undertake	undertook	glimpsed	undertake, guarantee
183	upset	upset	upset	overturn, squeeze
184	wake	woke; waked	woke; waked	wake up, wake up
185	wear	wore	worn	wear clothes)
186	weave	wove; weaved	woven; weaved	weave
187	wed	wed; married	wed; married	to get married, to get married
188	weep	wept	wept	cry
189	will	would	would	want to be
190	wet	wet; wetted	wet; wetted	wet, you-, pro-
191	win	won	won	win, get
192	wind	wound	wound	wind up (mechanism), curl
193	withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	take back, take away
194	ring	wrung	wrung	squeeze, squeeze, twist
195	write	wrote	written	write

After this video, you will love learning irregular verbs! Yo! :) ...it is advisable for the impatient to watch from 38 seconds

For fans of an advanced teacher and rap lovers, we offer a backing track for a personal way of learning irregular verbs in the karaoke style, and in the future, perhaps, for recording a new personal video with your teacher / teacher / class. Weak or not weak?

2. REGULAR VERBS

When the most difficult part in the form of irregular verbs is mastered (we want to believe that this is so), you can click like nuts and regular English verbs. They are called so because they form the past tense and participle II in exactly the same way. In order not to load your brain once again, we simply denote their form 2 and form 3. And both of them are obtained with the help of the ending - ed.

For example: look-look,work - worked

2.1 And for those who like to get to the bottom of everything in everything, you can conduct a brief educational program about the mysterious term " participle II". First, why participle? Because how else to designate a three-headed dragon, which has signs of 3 parts of speech at once: a verb, an adjective and an adverb. Accordingly, such a form is always found WITH PARTS (at once with three).

Second, why II? Because there is also I . Quite logical  Only participle I has an ending -ing, and participle II has an ending -ed in regular verbs, and any ending in irregular ones ( written , built , come ).

2.2 And everything would be fine, but there are some nuances.

If the verb ends in -y, then you need an ending -ied(study-study).
. If the verb consists of one syllable and ends in a consonant, then it doubles ( stop - stopped).
. The final consonant l is always doubled (travel -travelled)
. If the verb ends in -e, then you only need to add -d(translate - translated)

For especially corrosive and attentive, you can also add pronunciation features. For example, after deaf consonants, the ending is pronounced as “t”, after voiced - “d”, after vowels “id”.

Perhaps you heard / invented / read / spied on a way to minimize effort and maximize the efficiency of memorizing irregular verbs, but for some reason we don’t know it yet. Share not only your smile, but also cramming options to please each other with something interesting

English is the language of exceptions, where when studying a new grammatical rule, students are faced with a dozen buts in which this rule does not work. One of these rules is the use of irregular verbs in the past tense. For many English learners, this topic is a nightmare. But without them it is impossible, because these are the realities of English! However, there is good news - modern English is gradually getting rid of irregular verbs, replacing them with regular ones. Why and how - we will consider in the article.

Why are English verbs irregular?

The difficulty in using irregular verbs is experienced not only by foreigners, but also by the speakers themselves. Nevertheless, for English philologists, the non-standard nature of this part of speech is not a drawback, but a reason for pride. They believe that irregular verbs are a cultural monument that perpetuates the history of the English language. The explanation for this fact is the Germanic roots of the origin of irregular verbs, which makes British English a traditional variant of the language. For comparison, the Americans are trying with might and main to get rid of the wrong form, converting it into the correct one. Therefore, the list of non-standard verbs increases for those who learn both variants of the language. Thus, the incorrect version is ancient, which is reflected in prose and poetry.

How many forms does a verb have in English?

Speaking about verbs in English, it should be noted that they have 3 forms:

• infinitive, aka ;
• I, or Participle I, - this form is used in the simple past tense (Past Simple) and the 2nd and 3rd cases of the conditional mood (Conditional of the 2-d and of the 3-d case);
• Past Participle II, or Participle II, for Past Perfect, Passive Voice and Conditional of the 3-d case.

The table "Three in English" is presented later in the article.

What are regular and irregular verbs? Education rules

Regular verbs are those in which the past form (Past Simple) and the form Participle II (Participle II) are formed by adding the ending -ed to the initial form. The table "Three forms of the verb in English. Regular verbs" will help you better understand this rule.

When forming the forms Participle I and Participle II, there are some features:

• if the verb ends with the letter -e, then adding -ed does not double it;
• the consonant in monosyllabic verbs is duplicated when added. Example: stop - stopped (stop - stopped);
• if the verb ends in -y followed by a consonant, then y is changed to i before adding -ed.

Irregular verbs are those that do not obey the general rule when forming temporary forms. In English, these include the simple past tense verb forms (Past Simple) and Participle II (Participle II).

Irregular verbs are formed with:

ablaut, in which the root is changed. Example: swim - swam - swum (swim - swam - swam);

the use of suffixes that are different from those accepted in the grammar of the language. Example: do - did - done (do - did - did);

the same or unchanged form. Example: cut - cut - cut (cut - cut - cut).

Due to the fact that each irregular verb has its own form of change, they should be learned by heart.

In total, there are 218 irregular verbs in English, of which approximately 195 are in active use.

Recent studies in the field of language show that rare verbs are gradually disappearing from the language due to the replacement of the 2nd and 3rd forms with regular verb forms, that is, the addition of the ending - ed. This fact is confirmed by the table "Three forms of the verb in English" - the table represents a number of verbs that have both regular and irregular forms.

table of irregular verbs

The table "Three forms of irregular verbs in English" includes the most commonly used verbs. The table shows 3 forms and a translation.

Irregular verbs came into modern English from Old English, which was spoken by the Angles and Saxons - British tribes.

Irregular verbs originated from the so-called strong verbs, each of which had its own type of conjugation.

Harvard researchers found that most of the verbs used are irregular, and they will remain so, as they are used more often than others.

In the history of the English language there is such a phenomenon when the correct verb became irregular. For example, sneak, which has 2 forms - sneaked and snuck.

Not only English learners have problems with verbs, but also native speakers, as even they get into awkward situations when it comes to this difficult part of speech.

One of them is Jennifer Garner, who has been sure all her life that the verb sneak is correct.

She was corrected by the host of one of the programs in which the actress took part. Dictionary in hand, he pointed out to Jennifer her mistake.

Therefore, do not be upset if you make mistakes when using irregular verbs. The main thing is that they do not become systematic.

Regular verbs

The table "Three forms of regular verbs in English with transcription and translation" is compiled on the basis of the most commonly used verbs.

			Past Participle I and II
ask
answer
allow
agree
borrow, borrow
copy, rewrite
prepare
close
carry, drag
call, call
discuss
decide, decide
explain		explain
slide
cry, scream
finish, finish, finish
shine
rub
grab
to help
happen, happen
manage
look
like
move, move
manage
be necessary, need
open
recall
suggest		sajgest
study, study
stop, stop
start off
travel
speak
transfer		transitlate
try, try
use
worry
walk, walk
look
work

Examples of the use of 3 forms of verbs with translation

Above we looked at 3 forms of verbs in English. A table with examples of usage and translation will help reinforce the topic.

Here, for each grammatical construction, two examples are given - one with regular, the other with irregular verbs.

Grammar design	Example in English	Translation
past simple	Peter worked yesterday. She felt bad last week.	Peter worked yesterday. She didn't feel well last week.
Present perfect tense	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?	James has already helped me. Have you ever been to Thailand?
Past Perfect Tense	I understood that I had used my last ticket. Helen noticed that she had forgotten her documents at home.	I realized that I had used the last ticket. She realized that she forgot the documents at home.
Passive Voice	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. A baby is sung a lullaby every night.	Amy was taken to the zoo last Sunday. The baby is sung a lullaby every night.
Conditional	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would have done it.	If I had money, I would buy a car. If she could help us, she would.

Exercises

For better memorization of irregular verbs, you need not only to learn them by heart and repeat, but also to perform various exercises.

Exercise 1. Before you is a table "Three forms of the verb in English. Irregular verbs." Fill in one of the three missing forms.

Exercise 2. Before you is a table "Three forms of the verb in English. Regular verbs." Insert forms Participle I and II.

Exercise 3. Using the tables, translate the following sentences into English.

1. I was reading a book.
2. We saw them yesterday.
3. The Smiths lived in London until 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
4. Alice was a university student in 2014.
5. They worked for the same company two years ago.
6. He just finished training.
7. When we were children, my mother often took us to this park.
8. I drove a toy car as a child.

Answers to the exercises

Exercise 1.

Exercise 2.

asked, borrowed, closed, decided, explained, helped, started, travelled, used, worked.

Exercise 3

1. I read a book.
2. We saw them yesterday.
3. The Smiths lived in London till 2000. Then they moved to Manchester.
4. Alice was a student of Univercity in 2014.
5. They worked in the same company two years ago.
6. He has just finished training.
7. When we were children we were taken for a walk to this park.
8. I drove a toy car in my childhood.

Get in the habit of periodically repeating the basic forms of the English verb. A table with irregular verbs, exercises and periodic repetition will help you quickly cope with the difficulties of the English language.