Honor is one of the most significant human values. To act honestly means to listen to the voice of conscience, to live in harmony with oneself. Such a person will always have an advantage over the rest, since no circumstances can lead him astray from the true path. He values ​​his beliefs and remains true to them to the end. An unscrupulous person, on the contrary, sooner or later fails, if only because he betrayed himself. The liar loses his dignity and experiences moral decline, and therefore he does not have the spiritual strength to defend his position to the end. As the famous quote from the movie "Brother" says: "The strength is in the truth."

In the story of A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" the theme of truth occupies a central place. As an epigraph, the author takes the well-known proverb “Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age” and develops this idea throughout the work. In the story, we see the "confrontation" of two heroes - Grinev and Shvabrin, one of whom chose to follow the path of honor, and the other turned off this path. Petrusha Grinev defends not only the honor of the girl slandered by Shvabrin, he defends the honor of his homeland and his empress, to whom he swore an oath. Grinev, who is in love with Masha, challenges Shvabrin to a duel, having offended the girl's honor by allowing himself unacceptable allusions to her. At the duel itself, Shvabrin again acts dishonestly and injures Grinev when he is distracted. But the reader sees who Masha chooses.

The arrival of Pugachev in the fortress is another test for the heroes. Shvabrin, pursuing his own interests, goes over to the side of Pugachev and thereby betrays both himself and the Motherland. And Grinev, even under pain of death, remains true to his convictions. And Pugachev, a robber and a revolutionary, leaves Grinev alive, because he is able to appreciate such an act.

War is also a test of honor. In the story of V. Bykov "Sotnikov" we again see two opposite characters - the partisans Sotnikov and Rybak. Sotnikov, despite his illness, volunteers to go in search of food, "because others refused." He single-handedly shoots back from the police, while Rybak runs away and abandons his comrade. Even when captured, under interrogation, under severe torture, he does not give out the location of his detachment. Sotnikov dies on the gallows, but retains both honor and dignity.

The noble, it would seem, the return of Rybak for a lagging comrade has low motives: he is afraid of the condemnation of others and does not know how to explain his treacherous act in the detachment. Then, in captivity, when they are being led to their execution, Rybak agrees to go into the service of the Germans in order to save his life. However, having lost his last hope of escaping, he comes to the conclusion that death is his only way out. But he fails to commit suicide, and this cowardly, weak-minded person is forced to suffer all his life under the blows of conscience.

In conclusion, I would like to say that we must cultivate and cherish the habit of acting honestly, according to our conscience. This is one of the foundations on which the society rests. Even now, when the days of knights and duels are long gone, we must not forget the true meaning of the concept of "honor".

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Essay-reasoning in the direction: Honor and dishonor

Confucius said: “People want wealth and fame for themselves; if both cannot be obtained honestly, they should be avoided.” And what did he mean by these words? He probably meant to say that wealth and fame have no meaning if they were acquired through dishonor and lies.

And what is honor? How do we understand this word? Honor is a concept associated with such qualities as loyalty and justice, truthfulness and nobility. This is the criterion of a real person, distinguished by the stamina of nature, willpower and purity of his thoughts. It is difficult to force such a person to follow the path of lies and betrayal, deceit and evil. He will not stand against honor and truth. Wealth and fame are not the most important things in life. And you should think before you do anything.

The problem of honor and dignity worried many writers, in particular Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. In his work "The Captain's Daughter", the writer vividly showed a hero who possessed the qualities due to which he could be called a man of honor. Pyotr Grinev's father said: "Take care of your honor from a young age." He does not want his son to become a simple reveler, and therefore sends him to the service, where young Peter meets people who are devoted to their homeland and uniform, those who will never allow themselves and their friends to be dishonored. And this meeting played an important role in Grinev's life. He passes the test with dignity and honor, without losing his honor, although there were many opportunities. I think that this hero can be called a worthy person.

Unfortunately, there are many heroes in the world of literature whose nobility has lost its meaning. Aleksey Shvabrin is an example of a vile person who dishonored his honor. The reason for this was the fear of the enemy, in whose person Pugachev was. He fears for his own life. He does not know a sense of duty and dignity, for the sake of personal gain he is ready for anything, which is why he humiliates himself in front of Pugachev, trying to please the enemy. Long ago, back in the fortress, he crossed the boundaries defined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the love that had just begun between Peter and Masha. It is terrible to meet in life with a man like Shvabrin - insidious, cruel and unprincipled. I think that Shvabrin was so afraid of losing his priceless life that he could not understand that he was actually a dead person.

For me, honor and dignity are not empty words. It's too early to say that I live by honor. But I hope that these concepts will always serve as a life guide for me.

Everyone knows that the problem of honor and dishonor is a key one in the life of every person. A large number of books have been written on this topic, many films have been shot. Both adult experienced people and teenagers who are not fully familiar with life talk about it.

What is dishonor? Disgrace is a kind of insult, literally a loss of honor under any circumstances, a shame.

This topic has really been important throughout the life of a person and does not lose its relevance in the modern world. Therefore, many writers have addressed this problem in their works.

"The Captain's Daughter", A.S. Pushkin

The problem raised is the key one in this work of Alexander Sergeevich. In his opinion, dishonor is what should be most feared. The personification of piety in the novel is Grinev and his entire family, as well as his beloved and her relatives. Shvabrin is sharply opposed to him. This is the absolute opposite of Grinev. Even the name of the character speaks. Shvabrin is a terrible egoist who lost his officer's honor by going over to Pugachev.

“Song about the merchant Kalashnikov”, M.Yu. Lermontov

Mikhail Yuryevich takes the reader during the reign of Ivan IV, famous for the introduction of the oprichnina. Oprichniks, loyal subjects of the king, were so loved by him that they could afford any action and go unpunished. So, the guardsman Kiribeevich dishonored a married woman Alena Dmitrievna, and her husband, having learned about this, decided to go to certain death, but to return the honor to his wife, calling Kiribeevich to fight. By this, the merchant Kalashnikov showed himself to be a pious man, a husband who will do anything for the sake of honor, even to his own death.

And Kiribeevich distinguished himself only by cowardice, because he could not even admit to the king that the woman was married.

The song helps answer the reader's question about what dishonor is. First of all, this is cowardice.

"Thunderstorm", A.N. Ostrovsky

Katerina, the main character of the drama, was brought up in a pure, bright atmosphere of kindness and affection. Therefore, when she got married, she believed that her life would be the same. But Katerina ended up in a world where completely different orders and foundations rule, and Kabanikha, a true tyrant and hypocrite, is watching all this. Katerina could not withstand the onslaught and found solace only in Boris's love. But she, a believer, could not cheat on her husband. And the girl decided that the best way out for her was suicide. Thus, Katerina realized that dishonor is already a sin. And there is nothing worse than him.

For many centuries there was a struggle: honor and dishonor fought in one person. And only a bright and pure soul could make the right choice, and the Russian classics tried to show these vices in their immortal works.

Disgrace - what is it? The question is quite difficult, not only because an abstract concept will have to be explained, but also because the word itself is practically not used in live, colloquial speech. That is, of course, it can be heard, but in this case, the whole action acquires a smack of theatricality. However, we will analyze the concepts of "honor", "disgrace", and also consider the role of morality in the relationship between man and society.

What is honor?

It is difficult to start immediately with dishonor, because dishonor is the absence of honor, this is the most general definition. Therefore, duty orders first to specify what honor is.

The dictionary gives us 6 meanings of the concept.

1. Dignity that causes respect in oneself or other people. It can be moral, social, professional properties.
2. The same as reverence, respect.
3. Sign of attention.
4. Something that makes someone special. "This act does you credit."
5. The virginity of a woman, her purity.
6. Appeal to an official or a person who is higher in social status than the speaker. In our dictionary it is listed as obsolete. True, in America they still refer to judges that way. If you don't believe me, watch a Hollywood movie with a similar plot.

Naturally, based on the interpretation, dishonor forms a pair with only some meanings, for example, with the first and fifth. Disgrace - what is in this case? Everything is very simple. If a person does not have a certain dignity for which he is respected, then he is dishonorable, or rather, evil, unkind. Do not be surprised, because there is an opinion that evil is the absence of good.

You can also say that a woman is dishonorable if she does not marry a virgin. True, for Western culture this is no longer relevant, but the world is not closed on Europe and America. It is difficult to attach dishonor to the rest of the meanings as an antonym.

Definition of dishonor

We can now, with a clear conscience, define dishonor. Let's go back to the dictionary.

1. Disgrace, humiliation, disgrace.
2. A fine that was collected from one person in favor of another for insulting by court decision (period 14th - early 20th century).

Both values ​​are considered obsolete. Of course, one could deduce a whole theory from this innocuous fact, but we will shy away from such a temptation. We hope the reader is clear what dishonor is, its definition is quite simple.

The shadow side of honor. Marty McFly case

Sometimes honor is not just a dignity that commands respect from a person or others, but also a certain system of principles adopted in a particular community, for example, military, aristocratic or knightly honor. Here it makes no sense to analyze the pros and cons of the concepts “honor of an officer”, “honor of a knight”, “honor of an aristocrat”, especially since this was done long ago by the wonderful German philosopher A. Schopenhauer. Let's just say that when honor is a certain internal system of human values, then there are no problems. Difficulties begin when honor acts as an external tool for managing a person.

For example, in ancient times, one aristocrat publicly insults another. The latter has no choice but to challenge the impudent to a duel. And imagine that the injured party is killed in such a “trial”. It is time to ask a philosophical question: "Disgrace - what is it, is it worth life?" Especially when the subject of the quarrel is trifling. But nothing can be done, so far in some cultures honor is higher than life.

There is a more recent and close example. In the film trilogy "Back to the Future" one of the main characters is tormented by terrible complexes: he is afraid to seem like a coward in the eyes of others. But in each episode, life clearly demonstrates to Marty that this is not so scary. And in the third part, the protagonist faces a dilemma: live with the knowledge that people consider him a coward (the meaning of the word "disgrace" is remembered here by itself), or die a hero. And Marty seems to be making the very last choice for himself.

Is our world as dishonorable as they say?

Now it is customary to scold modernity. Needless to say, the world does not shine: poverty, poverty coexist with luxury, and the rich are not shy about their capital and not everyone participates in charity. The unchanging unrighteousness of life makes the openness of information unbearable. In general, if you want to know what dishonor is, then look around. Reality is drowning in it. But is everything so bad? There has always been injustice. But at the same time, the same Internet opens up unprecedented opportunities for people to communicate. The volunteer movement is now in vogue, people help animals. In other words, there is still hope for salvation.

Summing up the conversation, let's say: the lexical meaning of the word "disgrace" comes down to the lack of honor, as the reader probably already understood.

In our cruel age it seems that the concepts of honor and dishonor have died. There is no special need to keep girls honored - striptease and viciousness are paid dearly, and money is much more attractive than some kind of ephemeral honor. I remember Knurov from A.N. Ostrovsky's "Dowry":

There are limits beyond which condemnation does not go: I can offer you such an enormous content that the most malicious critics of someone else's morality will have to be silent and gape in surprise.

Sometimes it seems that men have not dreamed for a long time to serve for the good of the Fatherland, to protect their honor and dignity, to defend the Motherland. Probably, literature remains the only evidence of the existence of these concepts.

The most cherished work of A.S. Pushkin begins with the epigraph: “Take care of honor from a young age,” which is part of a Russian proverb. The whole novel "The Captain's Daughter" gives us the best idea of ​​honor and dishonor. The protagonist Petrusha Grinev is a young man, practically a youth (at the time of his departure for the service he was “eighteen” years old, according to his mother), but he is filled with such determination that he is ready to die on the gallows, but not tarnish his honor. And this is not only because his father bequeathed him to serve in this way. Life without honor for a nobleman is the same as death. But his opponent and envious Shvabrin acts quite differently. His decision to go over to the side of Pugachev is determined by fear for his life. He, unlike Grinev, does not want to die. The outcome of the life of each of the characters is natural. Grinev lives a decent, albeit poor, life as a landowner and dies surrounded by his children and grandchildren. And the fate of Alexei Shvabrin is understandable, although Pushkin does not say anything about it, but most likely death or hard labor will cut short this unworthy life of a traitor, a man who has not preserved his honor.

War is a catalyst for the most important human qualities; it shows either courage and courage, or meanness and cowardice. We can find proof of this in V. Bykov's story "Sotnikov". Two heroes are the moral poles of the story. The fisherman is energetic, strong, physically strong, but is he courageous? Having been taken prisoner, under pain of death, he betrays his partisan detachment, betrays its location, weapons, strength - in a word, everything in order to eliminate this center of resistance to the Nazis. But the frail, sickly, frail Sotnikov turns out to be courageous, endures torture, and resolutely ascends the scaffold, not for a second doubting the correctness of his act. He knows that death is not as terrible as remorse from betrayal. At the end of the story, Rybak, who escaped death, tries to hang himself in the toilet, but cannot, because he does not find a suitable tool (the belt was taken from him during his arrest). His death is a matter of time, he is not a completely fallen sinner, and living with such a burden is unbearable.

Years pass, in the historical memory of mankind there are still examples of deeds of honor and conscience. Will they become an example for my contemporaries? I think yes. The heroes who died in Syria, rescuing people in fires, in disasters, prove that there is honor, dignity, and there are bearers of these noble qualities.