characterizes him in the following way: “Gloomy, gloomy, arrogant and proud; lately, and perhaps much earlier, hypochondriac and hypochondriac. Magnanimous and kind. He does not like to express his feelings and would rather do cruelty than express his heart in words ... Terribly sometimes taciturn! He has no time for everything, everyone interferes with him, but he himself lies, does nothing. Never interested in what everyone is interested in at the moment. He values ​​himself terribly highly and, it seems, not without some right to do so.

Crime and Punishment. Feature Film 1969 1 episode

In some scenes of "Crime and Punishment" (see its summary), the reader sees how, behind this bark of dryness and pride, created from insults, humiliation and life's bitterness, a tender and loving heart sometimes opens. Raskolnikov is drawn mainly to the "humiliated and offended." He becomes close to the unfortunate Marmeladov, listens to the whole life story of his long-suffering family, goes to their home, and gives them the last money. He picks up Marmeladov, who found himself under the feet of a horse on the pavement, takes care of him, and Raskolnikov is pleased with the childlike enthusiastic gratitude of his little sister Sonya, who embraced him.

It is these impressions that fill him with a joyful feeling of life: “He was full of a new, immense sensation of suddenly surging full and powerful life. This feeling could be similar to the feeling of a person sentenced to death, who is suddenly and unexpectedly announced forgiveness. “Enough,” he said resolutely and solemnly, “away with mirages, away with feigned fears, away with ghosts ... There is life! Haven’t I lived now!”

A moment of love, pity, compassion, a feeling of spiritual closeness to people, a universal brotherhood, gives him a feeling of complete and happy life. Thus, the properties of Raskolnikov's spiritual nature are in complete contradiction with his theory, with his provisions. Dostoevsky shows what, despite all his views, Raskolnikov possessed a tender, impressionable and painfully sensitive soul to human suffering. He suffers from all the nightmares of city life, he evokes a tender and trusting attitude towards his children, he also experienced a love story for a humpbacked girl in his past, whom he wanted to brighten up life, so that a further turning point in Raskolnikov's life is sufficiently explained by these traits of his personality. .

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The main character of the novel F.M. Dostoevsky is a student of Rodion Raskolnikov. It is through the story of the fate of this character that the writer tries to convey his thoughts to the reader.

The whole work is, in fact, an exposure of the first near-Nietzschean ideas that gained some popularity in late XIX century. It is no coincidence that the hero comes from a student environment, most of all subject to the most diverse trends and unrest.

Rodion is an attractive, smart, but extremely poor young man, he lives in a shabby apartment and cannot continue his studies. The idea of ​​the superiority of some people over others takes root in the head of the hero. He, of course, refers himself to the highest category, and considers the rest to be a useless gray mass. Following his own logic, the Nietzschean theorist decides to kill the vile old woman in order to use her money for good deeds.

However, Dostoevsky immediately shows the hero's struggle with himself. Raskolnikov constantly doubts, then abandoning this idea, then returning to it again. He sees a dream in which, as a child, he cries over a downtrodden horse, and understands that he cannot kill a person, but when he accidentally hears that the old woman will be at home alone, he nevertheless decides to commit a crime. Our hero has developed an impeccable plan, but everything ends with a real massacre: he kills not only Alena Ivanovna, but also her pregnant sister, and runs away in a panic, taking with him only a handful of jewelry. Raskolnikov is not a villain or a madman, but lack of money, illness and hopelessness drive him to despair.

Having committed a crime, Rodion loses his peace. His illness worsens, he is bedridden and suffers from nightmares in which he relives what happened again and again. The ever-increasing fear of exposure torments him, and from within the hero is tormented by conscience, although he himself does not admit it. Another feeling that became an integral part of Raskolnikov was loneliness. Crossing the law and morality, he separated himself from other people, even his best friend Razumikhin, his sister Dunya and mother Pulcheria become alien and incomprehensible to him. My last hope he sees in the prostitute Sonya Marmeladova, who, in his opinion, also crossed the law and morality, and therefore can understand the killer. Perhaps he was hoping for an acquittal, but Sonya urges him to repent and accept the punishment.

In the end, Raskolnikov is disappointed in himself and surrenders to the police. However, Rodion still continues to believe in his theory of "they have the right" and "trembling creatures." Only in the epilogue does he realize the meaninglessness and cruelty of this idea, and, having renounced it, the hero embarks on the path of spiritual rebirth.

It is through the image of Raskolnikov that Dostoevsky overthrows egocentrism and Bonapartism, and elevates Christianity and philanthropy.

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The protagonist of the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment" Raskolnikov is a poor, thinking student who is forced to live in a small room that looks like a coffin. Extreme poverty pushes him to create a theory according to which he divides people into “trembling creatures” (there are many such people and they are simple inhabitants who are needed to continue the human race), and into “having the right” (this is a special group of people). The latter, in order to achieve their goals, can transcend the law, moral principles, they are allowed to kill people, because their actions develop society and move forward.

He refers himself to a special group. And in order to determine exactly who he himself is, Raskolnikov decides to kill the old pawnbroker. The hero justifies the act by saying that by killing the old woman, he will save many from poverty and suffering. By carefully planning his actions, he commits a crime.

But this crime is followed by punishment, it begins with the mental anguish of Raskolnikov. After robbing his victim, Raskolnikov seeks to hide the loot as soon as possible, from the sight of all that he stole, his mind grows cloudy. The protagonist runs away from home, finds a large stone, puts money and jewelry there. This act demonstrates to the reader that Raskolnikov is not a cold-blooded killer, despite the fact that he created such a terrible theory, something human does not remain in him.

This is manifested in caring for the Marmeladov family. A chance meeting with Marmeladov in a bar strongly links Raskolnikov to this family. He helps a drunken acquaintance get home, seeing the conditions in which he lives, taking pity on his children and wife, Raskolnikov, poor and beggar, leaves money on the windowsill. He also tries to help a young drunk girl on the street who is forced into prostitution, he gives money to a cab driver so that no one can use her in such a state. These merciful impulses prove that the hero's soul is alive, that he has a chance to return to normal life.

Gradually, Raskolnikov comes to the idea that he needs to repent. Svidrigailov's suicide helps him understand this. Svidrigailov is one of Raskolnikov's doubles, to some extent his reflection. He realized that the same fate awaited him if he did not repent.

Doubts about the theory begin the protagonist understands that theory is inhumane and vulnerable. Seeing his reflection in Svidrigailov, he rethinks life and understands that he needs to improve.

He decides to confess to Sonechka, he chooses her, because she herself is a criminal, she stepped over herself. At Sonya's command, he went to the square and began to kiss the ground. But this did not mean that he repented, rather Raskolnikov tried to try any methods so as not to suffer. Because when Raskolnikov was in hard labor, he did not immediately repent there either, this can be seen in relation to him by convicts who do not accept him, although their crimes are much worse. They tell Raskolnikov "you don't believe in God".

After a while, Raskolnikov abandons his theory when he has a second dream about the disease of all mankind and finds salvation in love "the heart of one contained endless sources of life for the heart of another."

The novel by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" is considered a very complex, psychologically deep work. And the image of the protagonist "helps" him to be such - no less complex, contradictory, multifaceted.

Rodion Raskolnikov is a poor student who came to St. Petersburg to study law at the university. But he dropped out of school, having no financial means for this. He was dressed so poorly, "that another, even a familiar person, would be ashamed to go out into the street in such rags during the day." The room in which Raskolnikov lived was, as the author says, "a closet ... and looked more like a closet than an apartment."

All this was the prerequisite for the current mood of Rodion Raskolnikov. Before us appears a young man "in an irritable and tense state", gloomy, thoughtful. He does not want to communicate with anyone, even with his only friend Razumikhin. "He was crushed by poverty," the author concludes. Everything around him is unpleasant, disgusting, unbearably disgusting. Even the help of people close to him (mother and friend) seems humiliating to him. Raskolnikov admits to himself that he could get out of the plight: his mother would pay for his studies, and he would earn money for clothes, food and an apartment with lessons. But he no longer wants it. A theory formed in his head. And here the author cites the lines in which Raskolnikov "... is remarkably good-looking, with beautiful dark eyes, dark Russian, taller than average, thin and slender." This inconsistency in the image of the hero emphasizes the complexity of Raskolnikov's character and the explanation of his actions.

Raskolnikov divided all people into "ordinary" and "extraordinary". Some "have the right", while others are "trembling creatures." He ranked himself among the "Napoleons" and decided to check whether he could "allow blood in his conscience." At the same time, the author shows us the mercy of Rodion when he gives his last money for the funeral of Marmeladov, tries to protect his sister Dunya.

The murder of the old pawnbroker led to another murder of the completely innocent Lizaveta, the old woman's sister. Raskolnikov was sure that he would make many people happy by taking the life of one. But his theory failed. Immediately after the crime, Raskolnikov was seized with fear. He even went into a two-day fever. Raskolnikov made a big mistake in his calculations, he couldn’t even use the stolen things, and he didn’t even imagine. And most importantly, Rodion could not stand the pangs of his conscience. He was angry with himself that he could not cross the threshold that gives the "right". He is exposed in a crime quickly enough, and he does not oppose this, on the contrary, he is even glad that everything is over. Now hard labor awaits him.

Rodion went a very long way to repentance. Sonya Marmeladova helped him in this. Already in hard labor, Raskolnikov understands that there is another life - life through love, a bright feeling, not burdened by anger and despondency. It is here that Rodion receives the complete healing of his soul. One chapter is devoted to crime, and as many as five - to punishment. The healing of the protagonist in the epilogue of the novel sounds like a happy ending: "... he was resurrected, and he knew it, he felt it with all his renewed being."

A multifaceted romance

Leafing through the first pages of the book, we begin to get acquainted with the image of Raskolnikov in Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment. Telling the story of his life, the writer makes us reflect on a number of important questions. It is difficult to determine what type of novel the work of F. M. Dostoevsky belongs to. It raises problems affecting various spheres of human life: social, moral, psychological, family, moral. Rodion Raskolnikov is the center of the novel. It is with him that all the others are connected. storylines great classic work.

The protagonist of the novel

Appearance

The description of Raskolnikov in the novel begins with the first chapter. We meet a young man who is in a painful condition. He is gloomy, thoughtful and withdrawn. Rodion Raskolnikov is a former university student who abandoned his studies at the Faculty of Law. Together with the author, we see the meager furnishings of the room where the young man lives: “It was a tiny cell, six paces long, which had the most miserable appearance.”

We carefully examine the details of worn clothes. Rodion Raskolnikov is in an extremely distressed situation. He does not have money to pay off debts for an apartment, to pay for his studies.

Traits

The characterization of Raskolnikov in the novel "Crime and Punishment" is given by the author gradually. First, we get acquainted with the portrait of Raskolnikov. “By the way, he was remarkably good-looking, with beautiful dark eyes, dark-haired, taller than average, thin and slender.” Then we begin to understand his character. The young man is smart and educated, proud and independent. The humiliating financial situation in which he found himself makes him gloomy and withdrawn. He hates interacting with people. Any help from outside close friend Dmitry Razumikhin or an elderly mother seems humiliating to him.

Raskolnikov's idea

Exorbitant pride, sick pride and a beggarly state give rise to a certain idea in Raskolnikov's head. The essence of which is to divide people into two categories: ordinary and those with the right. Thinking about his great destiny, “Am I a trembling creature or do I have a right?” The hero prepares for a crime. He believes that by killing the old woman, he will test his ideas, he will be able to start new life and make humanity happy.

Crime and Punishment of the Hero

AT real life everything turns out differently. Together with the greedy pawnbroker, the wretched Lizoveta perishes, having harmed no one. The robbery failed. Raskolnikov could not bring himself to use the stolen goods. He's disgusted, sick and scared. He understands that in vain he counted on the role of Napoleon. Having crossed the moral line, depriving a person of life, the hero avoids communication with people in every possible way. Rejected and sick, he is on the verge of insanity. Raskolnikov's family, his friend Dmitry Razumikhin, are unsuccessfully trying to understand the state of the young man, to support the unfortunate. A proud young man rejects the care of loved ones and is left alone with his problem. “But why do they love me so if I'm not worth it!

Oh, if I were alone and no one loved me, and I myself would not love anyone! he exclaims.

After a fatal event, the hero forces himself to communicate with strangers. He takes part in the fate of Marmeladov and his family, giving money sent by his mother for the funeral of an official. Saves a young girl from corruption. Noble impulses of the soul are quickly replaced by irritation, annoyance and loneliness. The life of the hero seemed to be divided into two parts: before the murder and after it. He does not feel like a criminal, does not realize his guilt. Most of all, he worries about the fact that he did not pass the test. Rodion is trying to confuse the investigation, to understand whether the smart and cunning investigator Porfiry Petrovich suspects him. Constant pretense, tension and lies deprive him of his strength, devastate his soul. The hero feels that he is doing wrong, but does not want to admit his mistakes and delusions.

Rodion Raskolnikov and Sonya Marmeladova

The rebirth to a new life began after Rodion Raskolnikov met Sonya Marmeladova. The eighteen-year-old girl herself was in extremely distressed condition. Shy, modest by nature, the heroine is forced to live on a yellow ticket in order to give money to her starving family. She constantly suffers insults, humiliation and fear. “She is unrequited,” the author says of her. But this weak creature has good heart and a deep faith in God, which helps not only to endure oneself, but also to support others. Sonya's love saved Rodion from death. Her pity at first arouses protest and indignation in the proud young man. But it is Sonya who confides his secret and it is from her that he seeks sympathy and support. Exhausted by the struggle with himself, Raskolnikov, on the advice of his girlfriend, admits his guilt and goes to hard labor. He does not believe in God, does not share her beliefs. The idea that happiness and forgiveness must be suffered is incomprehensible to the hero. The patience, care and deep feeling of the girl helped Rodion Raskolnikov turn to God, repent and start living anew.

The main idea of ​​the work of F. M. Dostoevsky

A detailed description of the crime and punishment of Raskolnikov form the basis of the plot of the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky. Punishment begins immediately after the murder is committed. Painful doubts, remorse, a break with loved ones turned out to be much worse years hard labor. The writer, subjecting Raskolnikov to a deep analysis, tries to warn the reader against misconceptions and mistakes. Deep faith in God, love for one's neighbor, moral principles should become the basic rules in the life of every person.

The analysis of the image of the protagonist of the novel can be used by students of grade 10 in preparation for writing an essay on the topic "The image of Raskolnikov in the novel" Crime and Punishment "".

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