Summer residents, gardeners, farmers, villagers - all of them are united by work on the ground and care that this season grapes are not affected by mildew, tomatoes by late blight, potatoes are not eaten by the Colorado potato beetle, and fruit and berries are not eaten by aphids. And even decorative flower beds are not protected from pest attacks. That is why any self-respecting gardener should have a garden sprayer in his arsenal. With it, you can not only spray pesticides or biological products that harm pest populations, but also home-made protective solutions, all kinds of foliar top dressing, fertilizers and biostimulants. Choosing a good reliable sprayer is not such an easy task; in fact, a quality product can actually have a lot of flaws that will “crawl out” at the first use. And the variety of forms of sprayers, their principles of operation, functionality only complicates the task. In this article, we will talk about how to choose the right garden sprayer and how to make it yourself.

What are garden sprayers?

It is most convenient to subdivide garden sprayers according to the principle of operation, especially since their volume, convenience and functionality are also very dependent on this. Modern manufacturers of garden sprayers produce various products from almost all categories, which will be listed below. Each has its own line, which has individual characteristics.

Manual garden sprayer

A manual garden sprayer is a plastic container with a lid, in which a pump pump is mounted. Using the pump, the necessary pressure is created in the container by pumping by hand, then the solution can be sprayed by pressing the button or lever located on the handle. Hand sprayers come in 0,5 l before 2 l. This volume is enough to process seedlings, plants in a greenhouse or flower garden. At the same time, the sprayer body itself is held in the hands or even in one hand. The price of a garden sprayer largely depends on the manufacturer.

gardena produces manual sprayers with such a volume of 0.5 l, 1 l, 1.5 l. All models are equipped with a safety valve for air release, a filter and a liquid control scale, a nozzle tip perfectly regulates the flow of water - you can make both a jet and a fine spray. The products of the German company Gardena are one of the most expensive. For example, a 1.5 liter manual sprayer costs $30. For comparison, a sprayer of the same production volume Sadko will cost only $ 5, while it will also be equipped with a brass nozzle, much more durable than plastic.

Pump-action garden sprayer

The pump-action garden sprayer is a container from 3 before 12 l, which can be worn on the shoulder with a special belt. The cover of such a sprayer is also at the same time a pump, with the help of which a pressure of 3-4 atm is created in the tank. A 1-1.5 m long hose goes from the sprayer body, to which a handle and a 1-3 m rod with a nozzle at the end are attached. On the handle there is a button or lever, after pressing which the liquid begins to spray. For long-term processing, there is a shutter button that locks the open position of the nozzle. This greatly facilitates the work, since there is no need to constantly press the button. When the pressure in the container drops, it must be increased again using the pump, and then continue spraying. At the moment, pump-type garden sprayers are the most popular, as they can process land up to 30 acres.

Garden sprayer Marolex considered the most reliable and successful solution. Sprayers made in Poland have a metal telescopic boom of 80 cm (extends up to 1.35 m), an additional 3 m boom can be purchased for processing tall trees. All parts are made of high-strength materials that are resistant to chemicals and mechanical stress. The connections of all components and parts are thought out very well, the products serve for many years without breakdowns. A distinctive feature of the Marolex garden sprayer is the increased pressure in the chamber - 4 atm., Against 3 atm. from competitors. This allows you to use the device longer. At the moment, there are sprayers with a volume of 5 liters, 7 liters, 9 liters, 12 liters. They do not differ much in price, therefore, units of 12 liters worth 30 - 35 USD are considered the most popular, they can always be filled with less than the maximum volume. The only conditional disadvantage of Marolex can be called the fact that the mesh filter is not too fine-meshed.

Comparison garden sprayer Solo made in Germany is somewhat more expensive, 11 liter model - 55 USD. But at the same time, the sprayer handle is non-telescopic, only 50 cm long. The pressure in the tank is 3 atmospheres. The kit includes many different nozzles, a wide jellied funnel. A significant advantage of Solo sprayers is the manufacturer's warranty for 5 years, but in the absence of service in the region, it is simply meaningless.

Sprayer garden knapsack manual

A knapsack sprayer is somewhat different from a pump-action sprayer. Pressure is pumped not in the chamber with the solution, but in the pump chamber, this serves as a kind of protection for the operator, since even if the chamber bursts from excessive pressure, the solution will not spill. Knapsack sprayers have straps that can be used to carry them on the back, and an additional fixation strap on the stomach prevents the backpack from tilting and moving. Such a sprayer is called manual because it has a handle on the side, with which pressure is pumped into the chamber. As a result, working with a knapsack unit looks like this: the apparatus itself is behind the back, pressure is constantly applied with one hand (the handle jerks up / down), and the rod with the sprayer is held with the other. The system is somewhat tedious, although it allows you not to stop for pumping, as is the case with a pump-action sprayer.

Knapsack garden sprayers are 12 l, 15 l, 18 l And 20 l. They are used to process large plantings up to 50 acres. Some models allow you to rearrange the handle for right-handed and left-handed people. The weak point of such sprayers is the place where the handle is attached to the body. Please note that there is an additional cushioning material / plastic part between the handle and the body, otherwise the body will crack on the first day.

Oddly enough, the cheapest representative of this category is not a Chinese garden sprayer Grinda, for which there are many complaints, and the Polish analogue of Sadko. For comparison Grinda Fine Spray for 15 liters has a rather well-thought-out design and a mechanism for attaching the inflation handle, but on the other hand, the handle, for which it would be convenient to carry the device from place to place, is quite small and inconvenient. Otherwise - a metal telescopic rod, a nozzle with an adjustable jet, a wide mouth and a price of 50 USD.

In the same time Sadko SPR-12 for 12 liters comes with a repair kit, 4 spray nozzles and a brass nozzle, as well as a convenient handle for carrying the sprayer and costs only 27 - 30 USD.

The most expensive can be safely considered a garden sprayer Gardena Comfort Backpack Sprayer for 12 liters, which is no different from Sadko, but costs almost 100 USD. The body of the sprayer is made of high-strength plastic in a dark turquoise color, which makes it very difficult to see how much liquid is left in the tank. On the other hand, German quality gives hope that the unit will last a very long time.

Battery garden sprayer

If you pay 100 - 120 USD for a garden sprayer, then only for a battery. This is another type of knapsack sprayer, only the pressure in it is not built up manually, but with the help of an electric drive from the battery. This greatly facilitates the work, the second hand remains free, just know to direct the bar where necessary. The battery is charged from a conventional 220 V power supply, it lasts for 3 hours of operation. Usually such sprayers are produced with a tank volume 15 l, 16 l, 17 l, 20 l, but there are also small 5 l.

garden sprayer Sadko SPR-20E- one of the best and demanded units of this category. From 1 to 3 spray nozzles made of brass can be installed on the telescopic rod, which significantly speeds up the processing process. The kit comes with another plastic rod and a set of nozzles. The sprayer lid has a convenient handle, with which you can unscrew the lid and move the unit itself, but the second is questionable, since the weight of a full tank is very large, and the plastic fastenings of the handle are not so reliable. It is convenient to carry the sprayer behind the back on soft straps; a manometer and a pump power regulator are built into the body. Works absolutely silently in comparison with petrol units.

For large areas, it is more convenient to use a garden sprayer that runs on liquid fuel, such as gasoline. The volume of the tank for the sprayed liquid in such models is from 12 to 20 l. Gasoline sprayers come in knapsacks, they can be carried on the back, and on wheels, they can be rolled around the garden or vegetable garden like a cart. For farmers with a large farm, a sprayer with long battery life will be of help, as you can freely move around the territory and stop only to top up the solution and fuel. Manufacturers claim that with the help of a standard motorized sprayer, up to 5 hectares of the garden can be processed in one working day.

The boom and nozzle in gasoline garden sprayers are very different from pump-action models, it is more like a fire engine hose. With the help of a powerful air stream, the water jet turns into a finely dispersed substance, which can be sprayed with a wide or narrowly directed jet. The jet range reaches 15 m (8 - 15).

The cheapest unit from this category is a Polish garden sprayer Sadko GMD-4212. The 2 horsepower gasoline engine runs on A92 gasoline, sprays up to 8 m, nozzles are included, and a rotary nozzle allows you to spray liquid in the form of a "fog" or aerosol. The capacity of the solution tank is 14 liters, the cost of the sprayer is only 200 USD. This manufacturer also has more expensive models, for example, Sadko GMD-7717. It is equipped with a more powerful motor (5 hp) that sprays liquid 15 m horizontally and 12 m high. Its cost is about 325 USD.

A more expensive option garden sprayer Stihl SR 450 Brazilian production with a 14 l tank and a 3.5 hp engine. This model has a perfect engine start system, which reduces shocks as much as possible, and an anti-vibration system, which unloads the back muscles of the worker. The cost of such a sprayer is about 700 USD. Around the same price range are petrol garden sprayers. SOLO(Germany) for 12 and 20 liters with engines of 2.9 and 4.1 hp. costing from 700 to 900 USD

For ease of use, it is better to choose models in which the engine start button and speed control are on the handle. This greatly facilitates the work and allows you to quickly respond to different situations.

Mounted sprayers are used only in tandem with a tractor or other heavy equipment, so they are well suited for processing vast farmlands. The unit is hung on tractors such as T-25, T-40, YuMZ, MTZ. The sprayer itself has a tank capacity 200 , 400 , 600 , 800 , 1000 or 2000 l, as well as a piston-diaphragm pump and a fan. With the help of a fan, such flow turbulences are created that the liquid is sprayed evenly, even falling on the back of the plant leaf. The cost of mounted sprayers starts from 1600 USD.

DIY garden sprayer

Garden sprayers cannot be attributed to durable units. Of course, there are times when a conventional pump-action sprayer lasts 10-15 years without any complaints. But more often the opposite happens - the pump fails, the lid bursts, the handle breaks. All these breakdowns are very unpleasant, because if the nozzle and filter can be changed, then repairing the pump will either be too expensive or simply impossible due to the lack of parts. That is why many do not dare to buy expensive sprayers, but prefer to make them on their own.

Although the battery sprayer does not belong to super-expensive models, you can still save money on buying it by making it yourself from improvised materials. The tank is old or new. pump sprayer, for example, a garden sprayer Kvazar with a non-working pump. The main thing is that the tank is airtight, the handle and the rod are working, and there is air valve to relieve excess pressure. Next, you need a car compressor and a 12V battery.

We drill a hole in the sprayer tank and insert it into it car nipple to which we connect compressor. To seal the hole, sealant can be blown under the washers or a rubber gasket can be placed. We connect the compressor to a 12 V battery or to two 6 V batteries. All additional devices (compressor and battery) can be attached to the sprayer body with adhesive tape or electrical tape.

Due to the constantly high pressure in the tank, the liquid spray is finely dispersed and of high quality. You do not need to pump anything manually, and excess pressure is released through the valve. The advantage of a home-made battery sprayer is the versatility of additional equipment; in case of failure, you can buy a new one in any store and any model, and not look for a new battery for a specific sprayer model.

Electric Homemade Garden Sprayer

The technology for manufacturing a homemade sprayer described below is suitable for processing gardens and vegetable gardens at a short distance from the power source. You can move the sprayer around the territory on a hand cart or wheelbarrow, unwinding a large coil with an extension cord.

We'll need capacity, a large plastic barrel or even a milk can will do, as well as vibration pump, pump sprayer sprayer, flexible hose, adapters And push button switch.

We put and fix the container on the hand cart, lower the submersible vibration pump into it. If the water intake hole at the pump is at the bottom, then we lower the pump almost to the very bottom. And if from above, then we attach a hose to it and lower the hose to the bottom. The pump outlet hose and cable are led out through the cover. Please note that an air intake hole must be provided in the lid so that a vacuum is not created inside the container after pumping out the liquid.

We connect the supply hose of the pump to the hose leading to the rod, we crimp the connection. We disconnect the electric cable supplying the pump into two outside the tank, we lead one core to the switch.

The sprayer boom must have a button or trigger to turn on the liquid supply. Under this button or trigger, you must install a push-button switch that will turn on the pump. It turns out that when we press the button, the pump turns on and the liquid begins to flow, we release the button and the pump turns off. In more detail, all the details can be seen in the photo.

How to choose a garden sprayer

A garden sprayer is selected for a certain type and scope of work, so the main selection criteria will be the volume of the tank, the principle of operation, functionality and workmanship.

Sprayer volume. The capacity of the liquid tank is necessary to process the maximum area at a time. For a garden or vegetable garden with an area of ​​​​up to 15 acres, 9 - 12 liters is enough. Sprayers with a smaller volume are suitable for processing flower beds, small flower beds or several trees in the garden. For example, to process one small tree, 2 liters of solution are needed, and one large tree 8 - 10 liters. Sprayers with a tank volume of 12 - 20 liters can be used in small farms or gardens. It is also important who will be spraying, if a fragile woman, then buying a sprayer with a volume of more than 8 liters is impractical.

Most often, the line of each manufacturer includes models of various sizes: 0.5 l, 1 l, 2 l, 3 l, 5 l, 8 l, 9 l, 12 l. For example, a garden sprayer Kwazar Polish-Ukrainian production can be selected for every taste and need.

Pump. All pump sprayers have the same principle of operation of the pump. Air is pumped by moving the handle up and down. A pump in a metal case is more reliable and durable, although much depends on the quality of the material. For some, plastic pumps last 20 years, while for others they burst after a week.

Nozzle - sprayer. The nozzle is also an extremely important element of the sprayer. All modern models are equipped with a spray that can be adjusted to achieve a different type of jet. Many manufacturers offer additional nozzles in the kit. Most garden sprayers have nozzles made of plastic. And although a lot depends on the quality of the plastic, it is still better to pay attention to models with a metal brass nozzle, such as the Gardena garden sprayer. Its cost is an order of magnitude higher than that of competitors, precisely because the unit is equipped with a brass nozzle.

The bar is a hose. Standard fixed plastic rods are not the best option. Firstly, they are too short 50 - 80 cm. Secondly, they are not very reliable. A more durable and successful solution is metal telescopic rods. The optimal length of the rod is 1 - 1.5 m. An additional 3 m rod can be purchased for processing tall trees.

Important! Please note that not all manufacturers offer long handles and rods, and products from other models do not fit at the joints.

Air valve. The sprayer must have a safety valve through which excess pressure can be released. Some models are equipped with special marks that become visible if critical pressure is reached.

Replaceable nozzles and nozzles are offered by almost all manufacturers.

Liquid volume control scale helps to control the flow of liquid, as well as pour the exact amount of solution. Pay attention that liquid is visible through the body of the sprayer. For example, dark turquoise Gardena units do not allow you to see the liquid level, it is simply not visible, although the scale is applied. It is better to choose models from transparent or translucent plastic.

Belts and fasteners. The weakest points of sprayers are the fastening connections and the attachment points of the belts. It is almost impossible to repair them. Therefore, pay attention to the quality of performance. For example, the attachment points of the belts should be strong enough not to burst, and the attachment ring should preferably be made of metal. The attachment points of parts must be threaded from durable plastic or metal (very rare).

maintainability. The most important selection factor is the availability of the service of this manufacturer in the region and the availability of spare parts. The sprayer can be praised by everyone and everything, but yours will fail in a couple of months, and it will not be possible to repair it - it's a shame. Pay attention to the range of spare parts for a specific model of the sprayer, so that in the event of a breakdown it can be easily replaced. Parts that cannot be replaced must be strong, reliable and well thought out.

A garden sprayer is an important tool, but making it from start to finish, like some people make from an old fire extinguisher, is not practical. The cheapest pump-action sprayer (7 - 9 liters) costs 15 - 18 USD. For ease of use, it can be improved by hanging a battery and a compressor.

For the treatment of personal plots, manual sprayers are usually used, which have a number of disadvantages.

The sprayer capacity is rated at 10 liters: 9 for liquid chemicals and 1 for air. But pesticides produced in ampoules are designed for 10 liters, so gardeners get confused, find it difficult to dose: if you pour in the entire ampoule, you will get an overdose - in short, everything is done by eye.

But there is no escape from physics. For the sprayer to work, it is necessary to create and maintain excess air pressure over liquid pesticides. Therefore, about 90% of the liquid is poured into manual sprayers, and the rest is occupied by air.

For safe operation, the safety valve of the sprayer must be adjusted to an overpressure of 3.5-4 atm. I know from my own experience that in order to obtain a high-quality misty spray, it is necessary to maintain a pressure of at least 2.5 atm. How to prevent it from falling?

In order not to remove the sprayer from my shoulder every time and not to pump up pressure to the threshold of the safety valve, I have a receiver to maintain the required pressure.

The device of a homemade sprayer (Fig. A)

A hole is drilled in the upper part (pos. 2) of the sprayer body 2 and a fitting 5 for air supply is hermetically installed. The regular hand pump 4 is removed and the cover 7 is installed, due to which the volume of the poured chemical increases. Safety valve 3 does not require any modifications.

The receiver (pos. 5) is needed to create an air supply. The volume of the receiver must be within 10 liters. The “nipple” from the car chamber 2 and the fitting 4 for connecting the hose to the reducer are connected to the receiver, since a high working pressure is created in the receiver (about 6 atm).

For safety reasons, the receiver must be subjected to a hydraulic pressure test of 1.25 R, i.e. create a pressure of 8 atm. To do this, you need to fill the receiver with water, connect the compressor of a car and raise the pressure to 8 atm. When the specified pressure is reached, turn off the compressor and after 20 minutes. check the receiver for strength and tightness.

Such a test should be carried out annually before the start of the season.

Two ways to adjust

The reducer (pos. 3) is necessary to maintain the set pressure in the sprayer. As a pressure regulator, you can use:

a) household propane regulator,

b) production gearbox, which is used in gas cutting and welding of metals.

In this case, the inlet fitting connected to the cylinder must be converted into a fitting connected to an armored hose.

The advantage of such a gearbox is that it has a manometer to control the air pressure in the sprayer and the possibility of direct pressure regulation.

The propane gas bottle regulator is designed for low operating pressure. To fit the gearbox to the sprayer (pos. 3), it is necessary to drill the cover 5 and cut the thread somewhere on M-4 mm.

And to communicate with the atmosphere, drill another hole 2. Remove the cover, make and install a blind plate 7 under the spring, under the stop of the adjusting bolt 3.

Adjustment of the working pressure of the sprayer is carried out using the adjusting bolt 3. When the bolt is screwed in, the elasticity of the spring increases and the air pressure in the sprayer increases, and vice versa.

For normal operation of the sprayer, it is necessary to set the pressure to 2.5-3 atm. To set such a pressure, you need to connect a pressure gauge to the nozzle hose or focus on the operation of the safety valve (pos. 3), since it is adjusted by the factory to 3.5-4 atm. Tighten locknut 7 after adjustment.

The device works as follows. Pour 10 liters of pesticide into sprayer 2. We connect a hose from a car compressor to the receiver and pump air up to 6 atm. Everything - the sprayer is ready to work.

After all 10 liters of chemical have been used up, the pressure in the sprayer remains the same as it was at the beginning of work - 3 atm.

Do-it-yourself garden sprayer: device

I. Spray bar
II.Sprayer tank
III. pressure reducer
IV. Reinforced hoses
V. Receiver

1. Union for connecting the spray hose
2. Tank body
3. Safety valve
4. Hand pump
5. Fitting for connecting the hose to the reducer
6. Reinforced hose
7. Lid

1. Housing pc.
2. Valve body auto. camera
3. Lid
4. Fitting for connecting the hose to the reducer

For ease of use, all this can be placed in a backpack. The device has been working flawlessly for a long time, which I am very pleased with.

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Baking, barbecue, olive spray bottle for oil, vinegar, spray bottles…

Gardeners who grow various types of plant crops in their gardens agree: without proper and timely care for plantings, you won’t go far. One of the effective tools for such care is undoubtedly a garden sprayer.

Choosing a sprayer for the garden and vegetable garden

Quite often, enterprising gardeners assemble sprayers on their own. In fact, making a quality sprayer on your own is not such a difficult task. By making a good homemade device, you can save yourself the trouble of regularly repairing the sprayer and provide effective care for green spaces.
Which option is more rational - buying a good sprayer or making it on your own? Let's figure it out together.

As you might guess, the main function of sprayers is to spray special chemical compounds (stimulating, fertilizing, etc.) on plants in an appropriate way. Preparations applied in this way adhere well to bushes and trees, and can show their beneficial properties for a long time. Fruit trees and some types of bushes should be sprayed without fail, the only way to provide them with effective protection against various pests and diseases (mites, aphids, worms, and others).

About types of devices

In order to carry out the spraying procedure as efficiently as possible, it is necessary to use a garden sprayer. All types of sprayers are divided into several categories depending on the principle of operation of the devices.

So, in this case we are talking about:

• hand sprayers. Most of them are presented in the form of plastic tanks with lids. The tank has a built-in pump. Due to the operation of the pump, pressure is built up inside the tank. After that, spraying is done by pressing a special lever.
  Hand-held appliances are most often two-liter or half-liter. They are perfect for spraying seedlings or other low plantings;
• pump sprayers. This type of unit is designed to spray a large volume of chemicals. The volume of the tank for pump-action sprayers is from 3 to 15 liters. The device is usually hung on the shoulder using a special belt. Pumps are attached to the tank covers of the devices, and hoses with a number of special devices (nozzles, rods, handles) are attached to the housings. Currently, varieties of pump sprayers are among the most popular. If the area of ​​​​your site is not more than 30 acres, this option is suitable for you;
• knapsack hand sprayers. The convenience of this device lies in the fact that it can be worn on the back, like a satchel. In order to spray with such a sprayer, you will have to use both hands at the same time: one holds the boom with the sprayer, and the other pumps pressure through the pump. For the sake of objectivity, let's say that this is not a very comfortable occupation;
• knapsack battery sprayers. This type of device is, in fact, an improved modification of a knapsack manual unit. The main advantage of this option is that an electric drive is used here to build pressure (powered by a battery). This approach seriously optimizes and speeds up the spraying process.
  Various types of electric knapsack sprayers are perfect for plots and mini-farms with a small area;
• petrol motor sprayers are usually used for spraying large areas. The volume of the spray tank in this case is 10-20 liters. Units of this type can be divided into two categories - wheeled (free movement throughout the territory) and knapsack.

All types of atomizers listed can be purchased from a specialized store or ordered over the Internet without any problems. However, the sprayer can be made on its own, using improvised materials. Many gardeners consider this option the most reliable. A homemade atomizer can be "tailored" to your own goals and scales. If suddenly the device breaks down, in this case, self-repair will be much easier.

Many summer residents use homemade sprayers to process their "possessions". In order to make a homemade atomizer, you do not need to be Kulibin or Edison, you just need a little ingenuity and elementary building materials. The most primitive economical option is to spray with a broom. However, this is not very practical, with this approach, unnecessary consumption of fertilizers cannot be avoided.

An interesting and rational option is the manufacture of sprayers from containers from windshield wipers (such a unit is suitable for seedlings and small shrubs). Before starting the treatment of the site, the tank must be thoroughly rinsed (unwanted elements may remain on the walls).

If you're planning to make a reasonably modern garden sprayer, such as an electrically driven unit, some pretty intricate parts are indispensable. So, you will have to stock up on a multi-core cable, a switch with a button, a spray bar, an armored hose, a pump, a container, etc.

In principle, it is possible to assemble even a wheeled spraying unit on your own, however, this will require complex technical devices.

So, let's analyze in detail the manufacturing process of a spray gun that runs on battery power. For this we need a container. As an option, we suggest using some parts of an old pump sprayer, which cannot be repaired. An important point: the container must be airtight, and the air valve and rod must be fully operational.
To assemble the unit, we will also use a car compressor and a battery (12V). We drill a hole in the tank and insert the car nipple. Then we connect the nipple to the compressor. In order for the hole to be airtight, we use a sealant or a rubber gasket. Now you can connect the compressor to the battery. Due to the high level of pressure in the tank, the spraying process will be carried out in small drops.

The indisputable plus of a homemade electric sprayer is the absence of problems with the replacement and repair of any of the components of the device.

When spraying fertilizer, do not forget about safety precautions. Hats, gloves, protective suits and, of course, respirators will not be superfluous at all. After the work is completed, it is necessary to disassemble the device and thoroughly flush it. Then the parts of the sprayer are dried and the device is assembled again.

Video: Do-it-yourself electric sprayer for the garden and vegetable garden.

With this material they read the same:

From timely and quality use of special means when growing a crop, the quality of the grown products, its productivity, and, ultimately, the return on financial and physical investments depend.

Every gardener wants to please himself and his loved ones with a crop grown with his own hands, which can be saved and further increased.

A garden sprayer is an important and highly effective tool in the competent organization of labor in a garden plot, which allows you to protect the plant, fertilize it in time, carry out prevention, while using a minimum of harmful substances, acting selectively and accurately.

How does a garden sprayer work?

Any sprayer works on pressure difference principle ambient air and working fluid (chemicals or fertilizers) in a sealed container. Sprayers work on the same principle, and for.

Due to the high pressure, the liquid tends to break out and, when the valve is opened, passes through a flexible hose and a hollow telescopic “fishing rod” with nozzles, spraying in the form of a cloud, a fan, a stream, or in a combined form.

The pressure of the working fluid is created in various ways, depending on the device and the purpose of the sprayer. It can be a powerful motorized sprayer for trees 5-10 m tall or a simple hand sprayer for plants in a flower bed.

For more information about garden sprayers, see the video below:

Classification according to the method of creating pressure of the working fluid

Motor sprayers

The most powerful from garden sprayers - these are motor sprayers; spraying occurs under the pressure of a jet of air created by a membrane-type pump driven by a small engine, usually gasoline.

Membrane type

Diaphragm type pump (membrane, diaphragm pump) - a positive displacement pump, where the working body is flexible plate, fixed at the edges. Under the action of some mechanism or forces, the plate bends, performing the function of a piston pushing the working fluid.

Electric knapsack

A slightly less powerful class is the electric backpack garden sprayer. The diaphragm pump is powered by a 12 volt battery.

Due to its optimal power and size, this sprayer has gained wide recognition and is often used for more than its intended purpose; and for example, for window cleaning or as a sprayer in construction and renovation. You can also make . The working fluid is in a container behind the back of the operator.

Garden backpack

Garden backpack sprayer manual - the most simple, convenient and versatile option. The pressure in it is created by manually moving a special lever that controls the pump pump. Increased pressure is created in a special pumping chamber, from where the liquid is supplied to the spraying system.

pump action

The pump pump is cylinder with a moving piston; at the end of the body there is a valve for the intake of pumped air into the working area and for preventing its exit, thereby forcing an increased pressure of the working fluid.

Knapsack manual

There are also manual knapsack sprayers with pressure pumping pump directly into the container with working fluid. Their disadvantage is the not always strong design of the seams of the working container, as a result of which the seams can diverge, which can lead to operator burns.

Video on how to choose the right sprayer.

Be careful with these models.

Pump on the belt

An automobile electric pump was originally designed for pressures up to 3-4 atmospheres and often has a built-in pressure indicator.
Stages of work:

1. A hole is marked on the cylinder where the nipple will be installed. It is better to mark closer to the neck for the convenience of future connections.
2. The hole is drilled slightly smaller than the diameter of the neck of the nipple for its tight installation.
3. The rubber seal of the nipple is lubricated with liquid soap and the nipple is inserted into the drilled hole using round nose pliers. After installation, the nipple should hold pressure.

Assembly and connection of the pump:

• pour the required amount of liquid into the balloon;
• connect the pump hose to the nipple on the cylinder;
• connect the wires of the battery and the car pump, observing the polarity;
• turn on the pump and watch the pressure readings; when the pressure reaches 2.5-3 atm, turn off the pump;
• check the sprayer in operation.

After setting the required jet quality, the system is set up and ready for operation. Next, the pump with the battery must be fixed on the sprayer cylinder. For this, any rectangular bag of the required size is suitable. It is desirable to make a hole in it for reading the pressure gauge.

For additional fastening to the bag, straps can be sewn - "Velcro" on top and bottom, the upper part of the straps will "grasp" the neck of the cylinder, the lower - its middle part, making it possible to easily dismantle the entire structure.

12V 10Ah battery is enough for charging two bottles with a capacity of 5 liters, while charging the battery of the specified capacity can take up to 10 hours. If this is not enough to complete all the work, you can purchase a second battery and charge them alternately.

And finally, the easiest option. How to make a sprayer from a simple plastic bottle. If you have a desire to increase spraying performance without buying expensive devices, you can do with little effort.

For this you will need:

• a children's bicycle pump accidentally found on the mezzanine (or its store counterpart Puky HP-25);
• plastic bottle of the required volume;
• bicycle nipple;
• sprayer (spray nozzle screwed onto the throat of a standard plastic bottle);
• needle nose pliers.

Procedure:

1. We cut out the nipple from the old bicycle chamber along with the round rubber section into which it is glued. The diameter of the rubber “washer” is about the size of an average coin, it will serve as an internal seal.
2. We twist the sealing nut from the nipple body - it will tighten the connection from the outside.
3. We drill a hole in the upper part of the plastic bottle with a diameter for the nipple.
4. We launch the nipple into the neck of a plastic bottle and “catch” it inside with the help of two knitting needles, directing it into the drilled hole.
5. We grab it with needle nose pliers and pull the nipple out, pressing the rubber seal against the wall from the inside.
6. We drip a couple of drops of waterproof glue on the hole between the nipple and the edges of the drilled hole.
7. We cut out the second rubber sealing washer from the bicycle chamber and, after the glue has dried, carefully put it on the nipple.
8. We twist the nut on top of the nipple until it stops.

It remains to screw the hose from the pump to the nipple, fill in the liquid and screw the spray gun onto the neck.

If the size of the plastic bottle is noticeably larger than the liquid intake pipe that comes with the spray gun, any plastic tube of the same diameter will work for replacement; the main thing is that she got to the bottom and had a slightly "oblique" cut.

After installing the sprayer, it is necessary to fix the pump with transparent tape on the bottle.

The pump handle in the closed position should be slightly higher than the neck of the plastic bottle and spray gun, so that the fingers of the hand do not touch its walls and interfere with the pumping process, and also so that the handle does not interfere with unscrewing the spray gun.

Make several pumping movements with the pump, feeling how the walls of the bottle become elastic. Having pumped up the container almost to the density of a “soda bottle”, you can press the spray gun handle. The pressure of the jet and the absence of the need for frequent pumping will pleasantly please you.

Conclusion

Modern imported devices are not always economically viable in our unstable climate, when it is not always possible to harvest even one crop. Russian products do not always reach the required level in terms of quality and reliability.

But this only means that, having shown ingenuity and ingenuity, you can collect no less efficient and reliable do-it-yourself copies that are not inferior to the best samples, albeit not in design, but in reliability and overall efficiency.

Modern agriculture is impossible without labor mechanization. In particular, sprayers are often used to care for cultivated plants. This equipment is divided into several categories, respectively, can be used in any area.

For example, there are small manual models that are used in greenhouses. For processing medium and large areas, the sprayer acts as an attachment for a tractor or walk-behind tractor.

It should be noted that the design of sprayers is extremely simple, so it is not necessary to purchase factory models. Even without proper experience, you can make a sprayer with your own hands, using suitable improvised materials. Consider several installation schemes.

Design features

Before proceeding with the manufacture of a homemade sprayer, it makes sense to familiarize yourself with the basic requirements that apply to this type of equipment.

Any sprayer, regardless of design, must meet the following criteria:

1. Drop size. The spray of chemicals must be thin to avoid burning the plants. In addition, it helps to control fluid flow.
2. Uniformity. Pesticides must evenly cover the plants to ensure the quality of the treatment.
3. Distribution. Fluid from sprayers should be distributed evenly regardless of ambient conditions, planting frequency and row spacing.
4. Consumption. The amount of liquid consumed should not depend on the concentration of the substance.
5. Convenience. The capacity of the barrel should match the length of the runs, this will provide the best performance. In addition, the equipment must be easy to store and use.

The main thing is that the sprayer does not damage the plants while moving. This does not apply to factory models - here each element is calculated by specialists. However, with home-made manufacturing, this nuance is worth paying attention to.

Sprayers are classified by liquid consumption per treated hectare. According to this criterion, the equipment is divided into four groups:

• ultra-small - up to 5 l;
• small - 75-100 l;
• medium - up to 200 l;
• large - from 200 liters.

The last two categories are usually installed on walk-behind tractors and tractors. Having dealt with the basic provisions, we will consider options for self-production.

Method number 1

You can assemble a sprayer from ready-made parts. Spare parts for sprayers are sold in specialized stores, so you can buy individual parts, creating your own model.

For example, make a small manual sprayer with an extended boom. With the help of such a product, it is possible to process not only bushes and beds, but also tree crowns.

As a result of such modernization, a practical and compact model can be created. However, the economic benefit disappears - the parts will still have to be bought. But you can assemble a sprayer in accordance with your individual needs.

Method number 2

We offer a variant of a manual sprayer made from improvised materials. As a liquid tank, you can use a tank from an old washing machine. This element is usually made of stainless steel and will therefore be inert to pesticides and chemical fertilizers.

In addition, such tanks have sufficient capacity, so it will be enough to process a medium-sized plot of land.

The tank can be installed on an old trolley to facilitate the movement of the structure around the site. The tank is attached to the trolley frame with threaded connections. To supply fluid under pressure, an oil pump from a passenger car is required.

The pump will be powered by a small electric motor, which is more economical than diesel and gasoline counterparts. The drive is provided by a belt drive, for this the motor shaft is equipped with a small pulley, the pump with a large one.

The pump is installed inside the tank, the motor is outside. We attach a copper tube to the pump, which we join with the spray hose. The engine can be powered by a battery or an electric cable.

The advantage of this design is that no spray nozzles are used. This is a rather expensive part that often gets clogged. The disadvantages include the inability to regulate the supply and spraying of the liquid.

Method number 3

Consider the option of manufacturing a more cumbersome, and, accordingly, productive design. Such sprayers are suitable for a tractor and can be used on large areas. For manufacturing you will need:

1. Metal container with a volume of 200-300 liters.
2. Steel corner for the manufacture of the frame.
3. Pipes of round section.
4. 12 V electric pump.

We weld the frame from the corner, supplement the structure with pipes on which the sprayers are installed. A liquid tank is also installed on the frame, inside which the pump is mounted. The sprayer is aggregated to the tractor hitch, the drive to the pump goes through the power take-off shaft.

Note that the spray bar can be made movable to regulate watering depending on external conditions. To do this, you can use the screw from the car jack. The lifting mechanism will be controlled by the tractor hydraulics.

Such a sprayer will cope well with the processing of potato fields. Ideal for areas over 20 acres.

Please note that only options for homemade sprayers are shown here. You can make changes and improve the design as you wish.

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