Institution of primary vocational education

(English institution of primary professional education) - in the Russian Federation, state, municipal or non-state, aimed at training skilled workers (workers and employees) in all main areas of socially useful activities according to the list of professions (specialties) approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. The main task of U.n.p.o. is to create the necessary conditions to satisfy the individual’s need to receive initial vocational education, a specific profession (specialty), an appropriate level of qualifications with the possibility of increasing the general educational level of students who do not have a secondary (complete) general education, as well as the accelerated acquisition of labor skills to perform a specific job or groups of works.

In accordance with the Model Regulations on the Establishment of Primary Vocational Education** to the U.N.P.O. include: vocational school; professional lyceum - center for continuous professional education; training center (point), training and production center, technical school (mining and mechanical, maritime, forestry, etc.), evening (shift) and other educational institutions of this level.

The rights of a legal entity are U.n.p.o. arise from the moment of registration. of the founder (founders) determines the organizational and legal form of such an institution. The founders of the state U.N.P.O. there may be bodies of state power and administration, incl. state educational authorities: federal (central), departmental, republican, regional, regional, autonomous entities, the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. The founders of the municipal U.n.p.o. are local government bodies. Joint foundation based on the pooling of property located in federal, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipal and private property, as well as property of public associations (organizations), foreign states, legal entities and individuals is allowed.

The constituent documents of the U.n.p.o. are the founders and . U.n.p.o. receives for educational activities and benefits provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation from the moment the state education management body or on its behalf by the local education management body issues a license, which sets out control standards, the maximum number of students and its duration. U.n.p.o. receives the right to issue graduates with a state-standard education document, inclusion in the centralized state funding scheme, with a stamp of the established type after state accreditation, confirmed by a certificate (comes into force as the state certification service is deployed).

Large legal dictionary. Akademik.ru. 2010.

See what “Institution of primary vocational education” is in other dictionaries:

Institution of primary vocational education- (English institution of primary professional education) in the Russian Federation, a state, municipal or non-state educational institution aimed at training skilled workers (workers and employees) in all main areas... ... Encyclopedia of Law

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF PRIMARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION- type of educational institution that implements the educational program of primary vocational education... Professional education. Dictionary

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Chuvash Republican Institute of Education is a state educational institution of additional education of the Chuvash Republic. The Institute of Education was founded in 1993 on the basis of the Chuvash Republican Institute... ... Wikipedia

Central United Archive of Moscow Educational Institutions- (TsOA USO Moscow) is a state institution subordinate to the Department of Education of the city of Moscow. The archive implements state policy in the field of archival affairs and record keeping, protection and use of historical documentary... ... Wikipedia

Central United Archive of Moscow Educational Institutions- The Central United Archive of Institutions of the Moscow Education System (COA USO Moscow) is a state institution subordinate to the Moscow Department of Education. The archive implements state policy in the field of archival affairs and... ... Wikipedia

Special educational institution Encyclopedia of Law

- (English special educational institute) in the Russian Federation, a specialized institution of open and closed types of educational authorities (Article 15 of the Federal Law “On the fundamentals of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency”**). To S.u. v.u.... ... Large legal dictionary

Special educational institution for children and adults- A SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH DEVIANT BEHAVIOR in the Russian Federation, an institution designed to provide psychological, medical and social rehabilitation, including behavior correction and adaptation in society, as well as... Encyclopedia of Law

Very often you can hear the question: “What is primary vocational education?” First you need to understand what this system is. First of all, it should be noted that this is one of the main subsystems of Russian education, implementing professional production programs. It issues diplomas to qualified specialists in all areas of useful activity.

Programs implemented in primary vocational education institutions

Structure

The system of primary vocational education in the Russian Federation consists of more than one thousand eight hundred specialized institutions, which annually prepare about eight hundred thousand qualified graduates. Of these, six hundred and fifty thousand are full-time students.

Primary vocational education is primarily an educational system. This is the basis of a large-scale and diverse “pyramid” for training the country’s human resources.

The main task

Primary vocational education is an orderly system for the implementation of successive educational programs and state standards of various levels and orientations. Therefore, its main task is to create optimal conditions for the possibility of satisfying the individual’s aspirations to obtain a certain specialty. Primary vocational education is designed to provide good training of personnel who will be competitive in the changing conditions of market relations. With the help of this system, the country's economy will be constantly provided with qualified workers.

Primary vocational education in Russia implements programs aimed at accelerated vocational training, retraining, and advanced training of workers or employees.

Primary importance in these institutions is given to organizing the process of educating the younger generation. In the unified pedagogical structure of education, this issue is given a key position, which is dedicated to preparing young people for difficult life situations.

In modern society, a person is required to have a high level of knowledge, skills and strength. This is no exception in the production process either. Everyone must have special qualities that distinguish him from other people. Only in this case will a person be competitive in market conditions. This factor will contribute to the development of responsibility both for oneself and for others, and will also help to strengthen confidence in one’s professional future.

The most effective way of such personal development is to create an education system that would involve systematization of goals and objectives, as well as methods and forms of training the younger generation in institutions of primary vocational education. At the same time, it is necessary to organize the interaction of absolutely every subject and object of the education process. In this case, students will be firmly established as active participants in professional development.

the main objective

Primary vocational education is a guarantor of the realization of a citizen’s right to receive free and publicly accessible education. Therefore, it is necessary to satisfy the individual’s needs for educational services at the appropriate level. This should happen taking into account the latest trends and variability of the labor market.

History of origin and development

Primary vocational education in Russia arose after the corresponding reforms by Peter I. Some of the first educational institutions where professionals were trained opened at the beginning of the eighteenth century. These included artillery, navigation, geodetic, engineering and medical schools.

The most popular specialized educational institutions of the eighteenth century were the mining ones, opened at the Petrovsky plant. They were located in the Urals and Altai Territory. A diploma of initial vocational education from a mining school assumed extensive knowledge in the field of mining. It was these educational institutions that subsequently became the foundation for the development of vocational institutions in our country.

Nevertheless, in pre-revolutionary Russia, the education of women was limited, and the education of the population was characterized by class and estate divisions.

Since the 20s of the twentieth century, domestic professional pedagogy began to intensively form and develop as a separate independent branch of scientific knowledge.

Duration of training

In general, the period of receiving initial vocational education is directly related to the level of knowledge. Those admitted after finishing the ninth grade are prepared for a specialty for two or three years. A student admitted at the end of the eleventh grade is prepared for one or two years. Despite this, some initial vocational institutions are biased towards the profiles of technical schools. In this regard, the period of study is extended to three or four years. This period is determined by the student's educational level.

Financing

There is a concept of reorientation of primary vocational education. It is associated with the need to retrain teaching staff, modernize special equipment, improve conditions and wage levels.

The main problem is that there are not always enough budget funds to finance this program, which requires attracting additional flows from extra-budgetary resources. To cope with the task of training and internships for students, educational institutions create production workshops. This allows craftsmen to maintain their qualifications, and also opens up new sources of extra-budgetary funding.

1. Procedure for admission of applicants.

Diploma of secondary vocational education

Cheat sheet: Primary vocational education in Russia

Indeed, according to clause 2, part 1, art. 108 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, the educational level (educational qualification) of primary vocational education, established under the old Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, is equal to secondary vocational education in training programs for qualified workers (employees). Thus, persons with diplomas of primary vocational education are considered to have secondary vocational education in training programs for skilled workers (employees).

According to Part 3 of Art. 5 of Federal Law No. 273-FZ in the Russian Federation guarantees universal access and free secondary vocational education in accordance with federal state educational standards, if the citizen receives education at this level for the first time. At the same time, a special standard has been established for secondary vocational education.

Thus, persons who have primary vocational education or equivalent secondary vocational education in training programs for skilled workers (employees) have the right to receive free secondary vocational education in training programs for mid-level specialists.

Conclusion: People who have only NPOs must first undergo training for SVE, as specified in the law above, and then they can apply for training under advanced training/retraining programs, subject to the necessary work experience and qualification requirements.

PRIMARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

Types of educational institutions

Educational is institution, carrying out educational process, that is, implementing one or more educational programs and (or) providing the maintenance and education of students and pupils.

Educational institutions They differ in their organizational and legal forms (state, municipal, non-state - private, educational institutions of public and religious organizations), as well as in their typical affiliation and specific characteristics.

According to current legislation, to educational relate institutions the following types:

1) preschool institutions;

2) general educational institutions (primary general, basic general, secondary (complete) general education);

3) institutions of primary vocational, secondary vocational, higher vocational and postgraduate vocational education;

4) institutions of further education for adults;

5) special institutions (correctional) for students and pupils with developmental disabilities;

6) institutions of additional education;

7) institutions for orphans and children left without parental care (legal representatives);

8) institutions of additional education for children;

9) other institutions carrying out the educational process.

Within each of these types there are several different varieties (types) of educational institutions.

Currently, based on the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 23, 2001 No. 224 “ On conducting an experiment to improve the structure and content of general education» an experiment is being carried out step by step to establish new standard deadlines for mastering general education programs levels of general education:

1st stage ( primary general education) - 4 years;

2nd stage ( basic general education) - 5-6 years;

3rd stage ( secondary (complete) general education) - 2 years.

Standard qualifications reflecting educational level stages of vocational education are also represented by various types of professional educational institutions. But it should be noted that vocational training should not be identified with vocational education at the appropriate level.

Professional training has the goal of accelerating the student’s acquisition of the skills necessary to perform a specific job or group of jobs.

It can be obtained in various educational institutions: interschool training centers, training and production workshops, training sites (workshops), etc. But vocational training is not accompanied by an increase in the educational level of the student.

Levels of vocational education

Primary vocational education has as its goal the training of skilled workers (workers, employees) in all main areas of socially useful activities on the basis of basic general education and can be obtained in educational institutions of primary vocational education (vocational and other schools of this level).

Secondary vocational education aims to train mid-level specialists, meet the needs of the individual in deepening and expanding education on the basis of basic general, secondary (complete) general or primary vocational education.

Educational institution of secondary vocational education(secondary specialized educational institution) is an educational institution that implements professional educational programs of secondary vocational education.

Educational institutions of this type include the following types of secondary specialized educational institutions: technical school (college, school), college, technical school-enterprise (institution).

Technical school (college, school)- the main type of secondary specialized educational institution that implements professional educational programs of a secondary specialized educational institution.

College- an independent educational institution of an advanced type (or a structural unit of a university, academy, institute), implementing in-depth professional educational programs of secondary vocational education according to individual curricula for extended training, providing students with an increased level of qualifications.

Higher professional education is aimed at training and retraining specialists of a certain level, meeting human needs in deepening and expanding education on the basis of secondary (complete) general and secondary vocational education.

Postgraduate professional education provides a person with the opportunity to improve the level of education, scientific, and pedagogical qualifications on the basis of higher professional education.

State status of educational institution(type, type and category of educational institution, determined in accordance with the level and focus of the educational programs it implements) is established when it state accreditation.

Educational institutions, having state accreditation and implementing general education (except for preschool) and professional educational programs, are issued to persons who have passed final certification, state-issued documents on the level of education and (or) qualifications, based on the fact that the following are established in the Russian Federation educational levels (educational qualifications):

Basic general education;

Secondary (complete) general education;

Primary vocational education;

Secondary vocational education;

Higher professional education;

Postgraduate professional education.

State document confirming the appropriate level of education is a necessary condition for continuing education at a state or municipal educational institution of a subsequent level of education.

On forums dedicated to education, you can often come across the question: What is secondary vocational education? In essence, secondary vocational education (abbreviated as SPO) is a “modernized” secondary specialized education that was part of the Soviet education system. With the collapse of the USSR, some technical schools were renamed colleges, more than half of which were annexed to various universities as structural divisions.

According to statistics, at least 20 million specialists officially employed in the Russian Federation have received SPO. Approximately half of these professionals are employed in the service and manufacturing sectors. Another 50% are knowledge workers: mid-level personnel of business structures, managers, personnel officers, accountants, auditors, etc.

The modern sphere of vocational education is regulated by the new law on education, which came into force on September 1, 2013. Separately, it should be noted that primary and secondary vocational education are not the same thing.

The procedure for obtaining secondary vocational education

Persons with a level of education not lower than basic (9 grades of a general education school) or secondary general education (11 grades) can be admitted to study in vocational education programs. Secondary vocational education programs, implemented on the basis of 9 grades, include disciplines of secondary general education. The development of such programs is carried out in accordance with the requirements of Federal State Standards for secondary vocational and secondary general education and taking into account the professional profile for which students are being prepared for work.

Secondary vocational education can be obtained both in secondary specialized educational institutions (secondary colleges) and at the first educational level of universities.

Types of educational institutions where you can get secondary education:

1. Colleges. These are colleges that implement basic programs of secondary vocational education at the levels of advanced and basic training.
2. Schools and technical schools. These are colleges in which training takes place according to the basic programs of primary vocational education, as well as secondary vocational education, but only at the level of basic training.

Admission to budget-funded training in secondary vocational education programs is publicly available to all categories of citizens. However, there are such nuances:

1. Entrance tests are carried out for applicants if the professions they plan to master require specialists to have certain psychological or physical qualities.
2. Admission to education of citizens is carried out based on the results of their mastery of various disciplines of the general education program, if the number of people wishing to enroll exceeds the number of budget places available in the secondary school in this area. The level of knowledge of applicants is determined by the grades recorded in the educational documents they provided upon admission. Budget places are awarded to applicants with the highest grades and state exam results.

Additional rules for admitting applicants are annually developed and approved by each individual educational institution independently, but in accordance with the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation and Federal State Standards.

1. Procedure for admission of applicants.
2. Procedure for admission to training on a paid basis.
3. List of specialties indicating the forms of training for which admission is conducted.
4. Requirements for the level of education of applicants.
5. A list of entrance tests indicating the categories of applicants who need to pass these tests, and information on the forms of testing.
6. Information on the procedure for accepting documents and applications for admission in electronic form. If such a possibility is excluded, this is also indicated.
7. Admission procedure for citizens with disabilities.

1. The total number of places for each of the educational programs being implemented, indicating the forms of training.
2. The number of budget places indicating the forms of training.
3. The number of budget places in target areas, indicating the forms of training.
4. Number of paid training places for each profile.
5. Rules for reviewing and submitting documents to challenge the results of entrance examinations.
6. Full information about the hostel (if available).
7. Sample agreement for applicants applying for tuition on a paid basis.

Diploma of secondary vocational education

The format of diplomas of secondary vocational education periodically changes in accordance with orders of the Ministry of Education and Science, while the level of protection against counterfeiting is constantly increasing. Soviet-style diplomas are valid.

Modern rules for issuing diplomas and supplements to them:

So, the answer to the question: “What does secondary vocational education mean” is formulated as follows: “This means that a specialist has in-depth training in his field and can occupy all the main middle-level positions in production, in private firms or in government organizations.”

Initial Vocational Training (VET)- initial level of vocational education, training of workers. Mainly represented by State Educational Institution NPO (State educational institution of primary vocational education) and NOU NPO (Non-state educational institution of primary vocational education). In Soviet times, it consisted of vocational schools (full name - Secondary City Vocational Technical School - SGPTU). Currently, a significant part of Russian vocational schools have been renamed PTL (Vocational-technical lyceums). Some vocational schools have been renamed colleges, but this does not change the essence. Admission is carried out on the basis of 9th and 11th grades.

NGO and SPO institutions (Secondary vocational education) united under the general term SSUZ (Secondary special educational institution).

RF LAW “ON EDUCATION” dated July 10, 1992 N 3266-1

Article 22. Primary vocational education (as amended by Federal Law dated July 18, 2005 N 92-FZ)

1. Primary vocational education is aimed at training skilled workers in all main areas of socially useful activities on the basis of basic general (9 classes) and secondary (complete) general (11 classes).

PRIMARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AS AN EDUCATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

Primary vocational education can be obtained in educational institutions of primary vocational education, as well as in educational institutions of secondary vocational and higher vocational education if appropriate licenses are available.

According to the 2010 Federal State Educational Standard for NGOs, primary vocational education can be obtained in institutions of primary, secondary and higher vocational education.

Since 2013, according to the new law “On Education”, the system of primary vocational education has been included in the structure of secondary vocational education.

On forums dedicated to education, you can often come across the question: What is secondary vocational education? In essence, secondary vocational education (abbreviated as SPO) is a “modernized” secondary specialized education that was part of the Soviet education system. With the collapse of the USSR, some technical schools were renamed colleges, more than half of which were annexed to various universities as structural divisions.

According to statistics, at least 20 million specialists officially employed in the Russian Federation have received SPO. Approximately half of these professionals are employed in the service and manufacturing sectors. Another 50% are knowledge workers: mid-level personnel of business structures, managers, personnel officers, accountants, auditors, etc.

The modern sphere of vocational education is regulated by the new law on education, which came into force on September 1, 2013. Separately, it should be noted that primary and secondary vocational education are not the same thing.

The procedure for obtaining secondary vocational education

Persons with a level of education not lower than basic (9 grades of a general education school) or secondary general education (11 grades) can be admitted to study in vocational education programs. Secondary vocational education programs, implemented on the basis of 9 grades, include disciplines of secondary general education. The development of such programs is carried out in accordance with the requirements of Federal State Standards for secondary vocational and secondary general education and taking into account the professional profile for which students are being prepared for work.

Secondary vocational education can be obtained both in secondary specialized educational institutions (secondary colleges) and at the first educational level of universities.

Types of educational institutions where you can get secondary education:

1. Colleges. These are colleges that implement basic programs of secondary vocational education at the levels of advanced and basic training.
2. Schools and technical schools. These are colleges in which training takes place according to the basic programs of primary vocational education, as well as secondary vocational education, but only at the level of basic training.

Admission to budget-funded training in secondary vocational education programs is publicly available to all categories of citizens. However, there are such nuances:

1. Entrance tests are carried out for applicants if the professions they plan to master require specialists to have certain psychological or physical qualities.
2. Admission to education of citizens is carried out based on the results of their mastery of various disciplines of the general education program, if the number of people wishing to enroll exceeds the number of budget places available in the secondary school in this area. The level of knowledge of applicants is determined by the grades recorded in the educational documents they provided upon admission. Budget places are awarded to applicants with the highest grades and state exam results.

Additional rules for admitting applicants are annually developed and approved by each individual educational institution independently, but in accordance with the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation and Federal State Standards.

1. Procedure for admission of applicants.
2. Procedure for admission to training on a paid basis.
3. List of specialties indicating the forms of training for which admission is conducted.
4. Requirements for the level of education of applicants.
5. A list of entrance tests indicating the categories of applicants who need to pass these tests, and information on the forms of testing.
6. Information on the procedure for accepting documents and applications for admission in electronic form. If such a possibility is excluded, this is also indicated.
7. Admission procedure for citizens with disabilities.

1. The total number of places for each of the educational programs being implemented, indicating the forms of training.
2. The number of budget places indicating the forms of training.
3. The number of budget places in target areas, indicating the forms of training.
4. Number of paid training places for each profile.
5. Rules for reviewing and submitting documents to challenge the results of entrance examinations.
6. Full information about the hostel (if available).
7. Sample agreement for applicants applying for tuition on a paid basis.

Diploma of secondary vocational education

The format of diplomas of secondary vocational education periodically changes in accordance with orders of the Ministry of Education and Science, while the level of protection against counterfeiting is constantly increasing. Soviet-style diplomas are valid.

Modern rules for issuing diplomas and supplements to them:

So, the answer to the question: “What does secondary vocational education mean” is formulated as follows: “This means that a specialist has in-depth training in his field and can occupy all the main middle-level positions in production, in private firms or in government organizations.”